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研究生: 張京彧
Chang, Ching-Yu
論文名稱: 以綠色永續化學原則設計高中實驗 一、鐵離子氧化碘離子 二、試管卡計
Applying Green Chemistry to High School Experiments I. Oxidation of Iodide to Iodine by Iron(Ⅲ) II. Test - Tube Thermostat
指導教授: 張一知
Chang, I-Jy
口試委員: 張一知
Chang, I-Jy
洪偉修
Hung, Wei-Hsiu
葉伊純
Yeh, Yi-Cheun
口試日期: 2024/07/11
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 化學系
Department of Chemistry
論文出版年: 2024
畢業學年度: 112
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 103
中文關鍵詞: 綠色化學高中化學實驗碘鐘實驗卡計實驗
英文關鍵詞: Green chemistry, high school chemistry experiment, iodine clock reaction, simple calorimetry experiment
研究方法: 實驗設計法參與觀察法
DOI URL: http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202401000
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:85下載:1
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  • 本研究基於綠色化學原則,對高中兩項經典的課程實驗進行設計,分別為碘鐘實驗及卡計實驗,分為兩部分敘述實驗結果。
    第一部分,碘鐘實驗,針對「鐵(Ⅲ)氧化碘離子反應」,提出了一種基於溫度控制而非離子強度控制反應速率的方法,成功控制反應速率在理想範圍中,從而降低了實驗中的藥品消耗。並將此實驗應用於高中同學實驗課程中,並將實驗結果與進行傳統實驗的結果進行分析比對。這項研究展示了以溫度控制代替離子強度控制反應速率的潛力,並開創了新的研究方向。
    第二部分,本研究提出以雙層玻璃試管組裝而成的「試管卡計」,是一種基於減少熱傳導影響以提升絕熱能力的簡易卡計,具有微量、透明、低成本、規格選擇眾多等傳統卡計所不具有的特性。此卡計經實驗觀察,在熱容量和降溫速率方面與傳統的保麗龍卡計、保溫杯卡計相當。本研究亦提出基於「試管卡計」特性所設計之教學實驗,實驗內容引入赫斯定律,使實驗更完善。此實驗經證實能有效得到與文獻值相合的實驗結果,期望未來能引入高中各級學校。

    Two classic high school experiments: the iodine clock reaction and the calorimetry experiments were redesigned based on the principles of green chemistry.
    For the iodine clock experiment focuses on the reaction between iron(III) and iodide ions. A method based on temperature control rather than ion strength control to regulate the reaction rate was proposed. This method successfully controlled the reaction rate within the ideal range, thereby reducing the consumption of chemicals in the experiment. This experiment was applied in high school laboratory courses, and the results were compared with those obtained from traditional experiments. The study demonstrates the potential of temperature control to replace ion strength control in regulating reaction rates and opens new research directions.
    For the heat measurements, we developed simple calorimeters called the "test tube calorimeter" assembled with double-layer glass test tubes to replace the Styrofoam cup.This calorimeter aims to enhance adiabatic capability by reducing heat conduction pathways and possesses unique features such as micro-chemistry and transparency. Experimental observations show that this calorimeter's heat capacity and cooling rate are comparable to those of traditional Styrofoam and commercial thermostat. Experiments to verify Hess law were designed for this "test tube calorimeter" including heat of dissolving of a base. heat of acid-base reaction in solution, and heat of solid base react with acid. The results consist with literature values. Having the advantages of small amount of reagents required, easy assembly, visibility through glass, it is highly applicable to high school experiment.

    第一章 緒論 2 第一節 秒錶反應 2 第二節 鐵(Ⅲ)氧化碘離子反應動力學研究 2 第三節 鐵(Ⅲ)氧化碘離子碘鐘實驗 3 第四節 離子強度對反應速率的影響 4 第五節 溫度對反應速率的影響 8 第二章 實驗部分 10 第一節 實驗藥品 10 第二節 反應溶液的配製 10 第三節 反應物濃度 10 第四節 實驗方法 12 第五節 學生實驗課程規劃與執行 13 第三章 結果與討論 15 第一節 實驗結果 15 第二節 離子強度與速率常數之關係 17 第三節 溫度與反應速率之關係 18 第四節 由理論模型預測速率常數變化 19 第五節 最佳化實驗設計 21 第六節 高中生操作結果 22 第七節 實驗設計操作結果與分析 26 第四章 結論 27 第五章 緒論 29 第一節 高中化學反應與能量變化單元 29 第二節 卡計介紹 29 第三節 卡計實驗 30 第四節 赫斯定律 31 第五節 微量化學實驗 31 第六節 卡計設計原理 32 第六章 實驗部分 33 第一節 實驗設計介紹 33 第二節 卡計部件設計 33 第三節 卡計特性量測 37 第四節 反應熱與赫斯定律 38 第七章 結果與討論 41 第一節 卡計 41 第二節 卡計熱容量量測 43 第三節 降溫速率量測 43 第四節 高中反應熱實驗設計 46 第五節 反應熱實驗設計之實驗結果 47 第八章 結論 50 參考文獻 51 附錄 55

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