簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 余明錦
Yu, Min-Ching
論文名稱: 衝浪參與者流暢經驗與休閒衝突之相關研究
Flow Experience and Leisure Conflict of Surfing Participants
指導教授: 張少熙
Chang, Shao-Hsi
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 體育學系
Department of Physical Education
論文出版年: 2008
畢業學年度: 96
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 126
中文關鍵詞: 衝浪參與者流暢經驗休閒衝突
英文關鍵詞: surfing participants, flow experience, leisure conflict
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:266下載:46
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 衝浪參與者流暢經驗與休閒衝突之相關研究

    研 究 生:余明錦
    日期:97年7月 指導教授:張少熙 博士

    摘 要
    本研究旨在探討衝浪參與者從事衝浪運動時,流暢經驗與休閒衝突之相關情形,以臺灣北海岸之大溪蜜月灣、外澳雙獅、頭城烏石港等三地點為研究範圍,主要以問卷方式,調查衝浪參與者之現況及其參與衝浪運動之流暢經驗、休閒衝突等情形。研究採立意抽樣方式進行,回收有效問卷共計420份,根據所得資料,以描述性統計、t考驗、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關、典型相關等統計方法進行處理。
    研究結果發現:
    一、衝浪參與者之現況為:性別以「男性」居多;年齡主要介於「21~30歲」;職業以「學生」身份為最多;教育程度以「大專院校」為多數;居住所在以大臺北都會區為主,「臺北市」、「臺北縣」合計佔八成;衝浪年資以「0~3年」最多;每週衝浪次數以「一次以下」佔多數;最常去的衝浪地點為「烏石港北堤」高達四成二以上;衝浪時最常使用的板型以「長板」為最多人使用之板型。
    二、不同「年齡」、「衝浪年資」、「每週衝浪次數」、「常用衝浪板型」之衝浪參與者,在流暢經驗上有明顯差異,顯示衝浪參與者因特性不同,其流暢經驗情形有所差異。
    三、不同「每週衝浪次數」、「常用衝浪板型」之衝浪參與者在休閒衝突上有明顯差異,顯示衝浪參與者因「每週衝浪次數」、「常用衝浪板型」不同,其休閒衝突程度亦有所差異。
    四、衝浪參與者在流暢經驗與休閒衝突各因素之間有二個典型相關係數達顯著水準,顯示二者之間確有典型相關存在。
    關鍵詞:衝浪參與者、流暢經驗、休閒衝突

    Flow Experience and Leisure Conflict of Surfing Participants
    Yu, Min-Ching
    Master’s Thesis, July 2008 Advisor: Chang, Shao-Hsi Ph. D.
    Abstract
    The purpose of the study was to investigate the leisure participation of the surfing participants who surfed at these three spots in the north coast of Taiwan: Honeymoon Bay in Dasi Town, Wai-ao and Wushih Harbor in Toucheng Township. Questionnaires were designed to understand the characteristics of the surfing participants and their flow experience and leisure conflict when surfing. There were 420 effective questionnaires collected by adopting the purposes sampling. All the collected materials were analyzed by descriptive statistics analysis, t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson product-moment correlation analysis, and canonical correlation analysis.
    The findings of the study were suggested as the followings:
    1. The current conditions of the surfing participants were followed: (1)Gender: the majority were “male”. (2)Age: the range was between 21 and 30 years old. (3)Occupation: the majority were “students”. (4)Education degree: the majority were “college degree”. (5)Habitation: the majority were in “Taipei County” and “Taipei City” were reaching 80% . (6)Years of practice: the majority were 0 and 3 years. (7)Frequency of surfing in a week: the majority were “less than 1 time in a week”. (8)The most popular area of surfing: the majority were Wushih Harbor were reaching 42%. (9)The highest using rate of surfboard: the majority were long board.
    2. Concerning flow experience, there were significant differences among surfing participants of different age, years of practice, frequency of Surfing in a week and the highest using rate of surfboard which meant the varied flow experience of the surfing participants because of their own traits.
    3. There were also significant differences in leisure conflict between surfing participants of different frequency of surfing in a week and the highest using rate of surfboard which meant the varied leisure conflict of the surfing participants because of their own traits.
    4. There were two canonical correlation factors reaching significant level between flow experience and leisure conflict of surfing participants which revealed that canonical correlation did exist in the between .

    Keywords: surfing participants, flow experience, leisure conflict.

    目 次 第壹章 緒論…………………………………………………..…….01 第一節 研究背景…………………………………………………..............01 第二節 研究目的…………………………………………..........................04 第三節 研究問題……………………………………………………..........04 第四節 研究重要性…………………………………………......................05 第五節 研究範圍…………………………………………………..............06 第六節 研究限制…………………………………………………..............06 第七節 名詞操作性定義…………………………………………..............07 第貳章 文獻探討…………………………………………………...08 第一節 衝浪運動發展現況…………………………………….…….........08 第二節 流暢經驗相關理論…………………………………….….............19 第三節 休閒衝突相關理論………………………………………..............36 第四節 流暢經驗與休閒衝突相關研究…………………………..............52 第參章 研究方法……………………………..…….........................58 第一節 研究架構…………………………………………………………..58 第二節 研究對象…………………………………………………………..59 第三節 研究工具…………………………………………………………..61 第四節 研究步驟與實施程序……………………………………………..73 第五節 資料處理……………………..……………………………………76 第肆章 結果分析與討論………………………..….........................77 第一節 衝浪參與者現況分析…………………………………..................77 第二節 衝浪參與者流暢經驗與休閒衝突之差異情形分析……………..87 第三節 衝浪參與者流暢經驗與休閒衝突之相關情形分析……………..97 第伍章 結論與建議.…………………………………………........103 第一節 結論................................................................................................103 第二節 建議................................................................................................106 參考文獻…………………………………………..………….........109 一、中文部分..............................................................................................109 二、英文部分..............................................................................................112 附錄 一、附錄一 預試問卷………………………..…………………………...117 二、附錄二 正式問卷………………………..………………..….............123 表 次 表2-1 衝浪俱樂部現況….……………….….................................................9 表2-2 衝浪板型特性………………………………….................................11 表2-3 衝浪形式………………………………………….….……………...14 表2-4 流暢經驗定義……………………………………….……..………..20 表2-5 休閒衝突定義……………………..………………….....…………..39 表3-1 衝浪參與者流暢經驗與休閒衝突問卷回收情形..…….…………..60 表3-2 流暢經驗量表之預試分析摘要表………………..…….…..............63 表3-3 休閒衝突量表之預試分析摘要表…..…………………..….............64 表3-4 流暢經驗量表之因素分析摘要表…..…………………..….............67 表3-5 流暢經驗量表之信度分析摘要表…..………………...…………....68 表3-6 休閒衝突量表之因素分析摘要表…..………………...…................70 表3-7 休閒體驗量表之信度分析摘要表…..………………..….………....71 表4-1 衝浪參與者基本資料分析……………………….....……………....70 表4-2 衝浪參與者「流暢經驗」特性分析…….................….…………...83 表4-3 衝浪參與者「休閒衝突」特性分析......………….…...…………...85 表4-4 不同「年齡」在流暢經驗之差異比較......……………...................88 表4-5 不同「衝浪年資」在流暢經驗之差異比較......……….………..…90 表4-6 不同「每週衝浪次數」在流暢經驗之差異比較…….…………....91 表4-7 不同「常用衝浪板型」在流暢經驗之差異比較……….………....93 表4-8 不同「每週衝浪次數」在休閒衝突之差異比較…….…………....95 表4-9 不同「常用衝浪板型」在休閒衝突之差異比較…….…………....96 表4-10 流暢經驗與休閒衝突之相關係數表…………………..…………...97 表4-11 流暢經驗與休閒衝突之典型相關檢定結果…………..…...............98 表4-12 流暢經驗與休閒衝突之典型相關分析摘要表………………..….100 圖 次 圖2-1 原始流暢模式…………………………………………….………....27 圖2-2 四向度流暢模式…………………………………………...…..........29 圖2-3 八個向度流暢體驗模式………………………………….………....30 圖2-4 增加休閒使用將造成使用者體驗上之改變………….…………....49 圖2-5 社會衝突參數之相互關係…………………………….…………....50 圖3-1 研究架構圖…………………………………………….…..…..........58 圖3-2 研究步驟圖……………………………………………….................73 圖4-1 流暢經驗、休閒衝突之徑路分析圖……………………………...101

    參 考 文 獻

    一、中文部分

    王小文、林晏洲(1998)。大屯自然公園戶外遊憩者之遊憩衝突研究。戶外遊憩研究,11(1),65–84。
    王羿婷(2006)。登山健行者對登山自行車活動者之遊憩衝突與因應行為研究以彰化縣花壇鄉虎山岩區為例。未出版碩士輪文,靜宜大學,臺中。
    交通部觀光局東部海岸國家風景區管理處新聞稿(2007)。2007東海岸國際衝浪錦標賽。2008年7月7日,取自中華民國交通部觀光局,臺灣觀光資訊網http://www.taiwan.net.tw/webcare/news_content.asp?id=11947。
    行政院體委會(2003)。海洋運動發展計畫。國民體育季刊,137,4-6。
    林淑芬(2003)。女性保健志工人格特質、組織承諾與神馳經驗關係之探討。未出版碩士論文,大葉大學,彰化。
    侯錦雄(1990)。遊憩區遊憩動機與遊憩認知間關係之研究。未出版博士論文。臺灣大學園藝研究所,臺北。
    侯錦雄、郭彰仁(1998)。香客與戶外遊憩者之遊憩衝突探討-以松柏領宗教觀光區為例。戶外遊憩研究,11(2),1-18。
    徐 萍(1991)。國小學童解決親子衝突的研究。未出版碩士論文,國立政治大學心理學研究所,臺北。
    徐新勝(2007)。衝浪活動參與者之休閒動機、涉入程度與休閒效益關係之研究。未出版碩士論文,國立中正大學,嘉義。
    浪板主頁。2008年1月8日,取自北岸衝浪世界網址http://www.eastrange.com.
    康理查(1992)。臺灣海岸之衝浪環境-發展潛力之研究。未出版碩士論文,國立臺灣大學,臺北。
    張春興(1989)。張氏心理學辭典。臺北:東華書局。
    張基贊(2005)。風帆運動參與歷程之研究-以新竹及福隆帆船俱樂部為例。未出版碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學,臺北。
    曹嘉玲(2005)。臣服與征服:衝浪愛好者的休閒實踐及次文化之研究。未出版碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學,臺北。
    莊秀婉(2006)。臺灣北海岸衝浪參與者休閒體驗與滿意度之調查研究。未出版碩士輪文,國立臺灣師範大學,臺北。
    郭肇元(2003)。休閒心流經驗、休閒體驗與身心健康之關係探討。未出版碩士論文,國立政治大學,臺北。
    陳一涵(2007)。傑夫衝浪俱樂部會員涉入程度與滿意度關係之個案研究。未出版碩士論文,國立臺北教育大學,臺北。
    陳偉睿(2001)。網際網路之流暢經驗初探性研究。未出版碩士論文,國立中山大學,高雄。
    覃敏怡、吳文龍(譯)(2007)。衝浪完全指南。臺北市:華人版圖文化事業有限公司。(Carroll, Nick., 2005)
    楊子萱(1999)。國小高年級學童親子衝突經驗與因應之研究-以家庭系統理論分析。未出版碩士論文,東吳大學社會工作研究所,臺北。
    楊宏志(1995)。何去何從:森林遊樂區遊憩容納量。戶外遊憩研究,8(4),75-93。
    楊胤甲(2006)。愛好自行車休閒運動者之流暢體驗、休閒效益與幸福感之研究。未出版碩士論文,靜宜大學,臺中。
    楊萃萍(2003)。直排輪活動參與者間遊憩衝突之研究。未出版碩士論文,朝陽科技大學,臺中。
    劉修祥(2006)。海域遊憩觀光遊憩概論。臺北:桂魯。
    蔡辰男(1984)。當代國語大辭典。臺北:百科文化。
    衝浪俱樂部。2008年1月8日,取自衝浪網網址http://www.surflife.com.tw/
    鄧正忠(2005)。網球休閒活動參與者遊憩衝突之研究。體育學報,38(1),117-130。
    蕭詠琴(2004)。大學社團參與經驗與心流經驗相關之研究-以國立台灣大學學生社團為例。未出版碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學,臺北。
    鍾文玲(1993)。遊客對遊憩衝突認知之研究-以北勢溪黃櫸皮寮之釣魚者為例。未出版碩士論文,國立臺灣大學,臺北。
    鍾文玲、林晏洲(1993)。釣魚者遊憩衝突認知之研究。戶外遊憩研究,6(1/2),55–79。
    聶喬齡(2000)。心理技能、運動表現與運動流暢經驗的關係研究。未出版碩士論文,國立體育學院,林口。
    顏家芝、薛雅菁、徐慧蓉、趙又萱、廖梨棉(2002)。都會公園單車活動與直排輪活動/散步者之遊憩衝突研究。戶外遊憩研究,15(1),1-13。
    蘇迺棻(2003)。溯溪參與者非學業性自我概念對流暢經驗的影響暨驗證流暢原始模式與四向度模式。未出版碩士輪文,國立雲林科技大學,雲林。

    二、英文部分

    Adelman, B. J. E., Heberlein, T. A., & Bonnicksen, T. M. (1982). Social psychological explanations for persistence of a conflict between paddling canoest and motorcraft users in Boundary waters canoe area. Leisure Science, 5(1), 45-62.
    Berger, B. G. (1996). Psychological benefits of an active lifestyle: What we know and what we need to know. Quest, 48, 330-353.
    Bicker, K. S., & Kerstetter, D. L. (2000). Level of specialization and place attachment: an exploratory study of whitewater recreationists. Leisure Sciences, 22, 233-257.
    Bryan, H. (1977). Leisure value systems and recreational specialization: The case of trout fishermen. Journal of Leisure Research, 9(3), 174-187.
    Bryan, H. (1979). Conflict in the great outdoors. Bureau of Public Administration, Sociological Studies, 4, University of Alabama, Birmingham.
    Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1988). The flow experience and its significance for human psychology. In M. Csikszentmihalyi, & I. Csikszent-mihalyi (Eds.) , Optimal experience: Psychological studies of flow in consciousness ( pp15-350). New York: Cambridge University Press.
    Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1990). Flow: The psychology of optimal experience. New York: Harper & Row.
    Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1993). The evolving self. New York: Harper Collins.
    Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1997). Finding flow: The psychology of engagement with everyday life. New York: Harper Collins.
    Csikszentmihalyi, M., & Larson, R. (1987). Validity and reliability of the experience-sampling method. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disorders, 175, 526-536.
    Csikszentmihalyi, M., & LeFevre, J. (1989). Optimal experience in work and leisure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56(5), 851-822.

    Csikszentmuhalyi, M. (1975). Beyond boredom and anxiety. San Francisco: Josey-Bass.
    Delle Fave, A., & Massimini, F. (1988). Modernization and the changing context of flow in work and leisure, In M. Csikszentmihalyi & I. Csikszentmihalyi (Eds.), Optimal experience: Psychological studies of flow in consciousness (pp.193-214). New York: Cambridge.
    Deutsch, Morton. (1973). Toward an understanding of conflict. Journal of Group Tensions, 1(1), 42-54.
    Donnelly, M., Vaske, J., & Graeffe, A. (1986). Degree and range of recreation specialization: Toward a typology of boating related activities. Journal of Leisure Research, 24, 33-51.
    Driver, B. L., & Bassett, J. (1975). Definint conflicts among river users: A case study of Minhigan’s Au Sable River. Naturalist, 26(1), 19-23.
    Ghani, Supnick, & Rooney. (1991). The experience of flow in computer-mediated and in face-to-face groups. In Proceedings of the Twelfth international Conference on information systems (pp.229-238). New York.
    Gramann, J. H., & Burdge, R. J. (1981). The effect of recreational goals on conflict perceptions: An evaluation and synthesis of research. Journal of Leisure Research, 13, 15-27.
    Hammit, W. E., & Cole, D. N. (1989). Wildland recreation : Ecology and management. N.Y.: John Wiely & Sons.
    Han, S. (1988). The relationship between life satisfaction an flow in elderly Korean immigrants. In M. Csikszentmihalyi & I. Csikszentmihalyi (Eds.), Optimal experience: Psychological studies of flow in consciousness (pp.138-149). New York: Cambridge.
    Heberlein, T. A., & Shelby, B. (1977). Carrying capacity, values and satisfaction model: A reply to Greist. Journal of Leisure Research, 9(2), 142-148.
    Jackson, E. L., & Wong, A. G. (1982). Perceived conflict between urban cross country skiers and snowmobilers in Alberta. Journal of Leisure Research, 1, 47-62.

    Jackson, S. A. (1996). Toward a Conceptual Understanding of the Flow Experience in Elite Athletes. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 67(1), 76-90.
    Jackson, S. A., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. C. (1999). Flow in sports: The keys to optimal experiences and performances. IL: Human Kinetics.
    Jackson, S. A., & Marsh, H. W. (1996). Development and validation of a scale to measure optimal experience: The flow state scale. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 18, 17-35.
    Jackson, S. A., & Roberts, G. C. (1992). Positive performance states of athletes: Toward a conceptual understanding of peak performance. The Sport Psychology, 6, 156-171.
    Jacob, G. R., & Schreyer, R. (1980). Conflict in outdoor recreation: A theoretical perspective. Journal of Leisure Research, 12(4), 368-380.
    Kelly, & Godbey, (1992). Ch18 Specialization and serious leisure. In The Sociology of Leisure (pp.243-249). Venture Publishing, Inc.
    Kubey, R., & Csikzentmihalyi, M. (1990). Television and the quality of life. NJ : Lawrence Erllbaum.
    Larson, R. (1985). Flow and writing. In M. Csikszentmihalyi & I. Csikszentmihalyi (Eds.), Optimal experience: Psychological studies of flow in consciousness. New York: Cambridge.
    Lindsay, J. L. (1980). Trends in outdoor recreation activity conflicts. 1980 National Outdoor Recreation Trends Symposium Proceedings (pp.221). Department of Agriculture Forest Service, PA.
    Louise, S. (2003). Surf’s up– The girls guides to surfing. Australia:Allen & Unwin.
    Massimini, F., & Carli, M. (1988). The systematic assessment of flow in daily experience. In M. Csikszentmihalyi & I. Csikszentmihalyi (Eds.), Optimal experience: Psychological studies of flow in consciousness (pp.266-287). New York: Cambridge University Press.
    Massimini, F., Csikszentmihalyi, M., & Carli, M. (1987). The monitoring ofoptimal experience: A tool for psychiatric rehabilitation. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disorders, 175, 545-549.
    Moneta G. B., & Csikszentmihalyi M. (1996). The effect of perceived challenges and skill on the quality of subjective experience. Journal of personality, 64(2), 275-310.
    Moore, R. L., & Graeffe, A. R. (1994). Attachments to recreation settings: The case of rail-trail users. Leisure Sciences, 16, pp17-31.
    Novak, T. P., & Hoffman, D. L. (1997). Diversity on the Internet: The Relationship of Race to Access and Usage. Aspen Institute's Forum on Diversity and the Media Queenstown, Maryland, November 5-7.
    Owans, P. (1985). Conflict as a social interaction process in environment and behaviour research: The example of leisure and recreation research. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 11(3), 223-233.
    Porshansky, H.M., Fabian, A.K., & Kaminof, R. (1983). Place identity: Physical world and socialization of the self. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 3, 57-83.
    Ramthun, R. (1995). Factor in user group conflict between hikers and mountain bikers. Leisure Science, 17, 159-169.
    Rathunde, K. (1996). Family context and talented adolescents’ optimal experience in school-related activities. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 6(4), 605-628.
    Schneider, I. E. & Hammitt, W. E. (1995). Visitor response to outdoor recreation conflict: A conceptual approach. Leisure Sciences, 17, 223-234.
    Shackley, M. (1996). Wildlife Tourism. London: International Thompson Business Press.
    Shantz, C. U. (1987). Conflict between Children. Child Development, 58, 283-305.
    Shelby, B., Bregenzer, N. S., & Johnson, R. (1988). Displacement and product shift: Empirical evidence from Oregon rivers. Journal of Leisure Research, 20(4), 274-288.
    Trevino, & Webster. (1992). Flow in Computer-Mediated Communication: Electronic Mail and Voice Mail Evaluation and Impacts. Communication Research, 19(5), 539-573.
    Tuan, Yi-Fu. (1974). Topophilia: a study of environmental perception, attitudes and values. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
    Vaske, J. J., Caroghers, P., Donnelly, M. P., & Baird, B. (2000). Recreation conflict among skiers and snowboarders. Leisure Sciences, 22, 297-313.
    Vaske, J.J., Donnelly, M.P., Wittmann, K., and Laidlaw,S. (1995). Interpersonal versus social-values conflict. Leisure Science, 17, 205-222.
    Wang, C. P. (2001). Recreation conflict between the use of motorboats, personal watercraft, and riparian lands in New York’s Great Lakes area. Ph. D. Dissertation, College of Environmental Science and Foresty, State University of New York.
    Watson, A.E. Niccolucci, M.J., and Williams, D.R. (1994). The nature of conflict between hikers and recreational stock users in the John Muir Wilderness. Journal of Leisure Research, 26(4), 372-385.
    Webster, Trevino, & Ryan (1993). The dimensionality and correlates of flow in human-computer interactions. Computers in Human Behavior, 9, 411-426.
    Williams, P. W., Dossa, K.B., & Fulton, A. (1994). Tension on the slopes: Managing conflict between skiers and snowboarders. Journal of Applied Recreation Research, 19, 191-213.

    QR CODE