本研究旨在藉由理論探討與實證研究分析，驗證國民中學體育教師組織正義、組織信任與組織承諾之因果模式與相互關係，並探討國民中學體育教師組織正義、組織信任、組織承諾的現況與差異情形。
本研究在理論探討方面，採用文獻分析法，探究組織正義、組織信任、組織承諾之理論與實證研究，以綜合歸納本研究之假設模式。在實證研究方面，以問卷調查法與半結構式專家訪談法進行探討。問卷調查工具，係採用研究者修訂之量表，並以台灣地區500位國民中學體育教師為樣本，進行問卷調查。所蒐集到的資料，經線性結構關係模式、因素分析、變異數分析與描述性統計方法分析結果，配合專家訪談發現，在本研究的限制之內，得到以下結論：
一、在國民中學體育教師組織正義方面
（一）就整體而言，國民中學體育教師組織正義量表共包含兩個分析層次，即學校正義與部門正義；且部門正義尚可分為程序正義與分配正義構面。受試者在這三個量表之得分，屬於中上程度。其中尤以程序正義之得分最高，其次為分配正義，而以學校正義之得分最低。
（二）就差異比較而言，不同年齡、學校規模體育教師對學校正義的評價有顯著差異；不同地區學校體育教師對部門正義的評價亦有顯著差異存在。
二、在國民中學體育教師組織信任方面
（一）就整體而言，國民中學體育教師組織信任量表亦包含兩個分析層次，即學校信任與部門信任；且部門信任尚可分為主管信任與同事信任構面。受試者在這三個量表之得分，屬於中上程度。其中尤以主管信任之得分最高，同事信任次之，而以學校信任之得分最低。
（二）就差異比較而言，不同規模學校體育教師對學校信任的評價有顯著差異；且不同地區與規模學校體育教師對部門信任的評價，亦有顯著差異存在。
三、在國民中學體育教師組織承諾方面
（一）就整體而言，國民中學體育教師組織承諾量表共可分為三個構面，包括：組織認同、留職傾向與努力意願。受試者在這三個構面之得分，亦屬中上的程度。其中尤以努力意願之得分最高；其次為組織認同；而以留職傾向之得分最低。
（二）就差異比較而言，不同年齡、婚姻狀況、學歷、服務年資、學校規模體育教師在組織承諾各構面之得分，均達顯著差異；不同性別、行政職務與學校地區體育教師，則無顯著差異存在。且經F檢定及差異比較結果得知，不同背景變項體育教師在組織承諾得分之差異來源，均為留職傾向構面。
四、在組織正義、組織信任與組織承諾假設模式之驗證方面
本研究為瞭解國民中學體育教師組織正義、組織信任與組織承諾等各變項之因果模式與相互關係，因此經由理論與實證研究建構假設模式，並採用線性結構關係模式（LISREL）及其適合度評量指標（X2、RMSEA、GFI、AGFI、CFI、RMR、standardized RMR），修正與驗證假設模式。結果發現本研究再修正後之假設模式，為適合度較佳的模式。茲將本模式主要研究結果敘述如下：
（一）國民中學體育教師學校正義對學校信任有顯著直接的正面影響。
（二）國民中學體育教師學校正義對部門正義有顯著直接的正面影響。
（三）國民中學體育教師學校信任對部門信任有顯著直接的正面影響。
（四）國民中學體育教師學校正義對組織承諾沒有顯著直接的正面影響。
（五）國民中學體育教師學校信任對組織承諾有顯著直接的正面影響。
（六）國民中學體育教師部門正義對部門信任有顯著直接的正面影響。
（七）國民中學體育教師部門正義對組織承諾沒有顯著直接的正面影響。
（八）國民中學體育教師部門信任對組織承諾有顯著直接的正面影響。
五、在學者專家實地訪談方面
本研究為補充文獻探討與問卷調查之不足，特別針對體育行政部門主管、學者專家與國民中學校長共八人，進行半結構式訪談。
專家訪談的內容主要包含：國民中學體育教師組織正義、組織信任、組織承諾的現況、影響因素、問題與原因、發展方向與建議。
本研究經由專家訪談結果發現，國民中學體育教師組織正義的現況，在社會價值觀方面，比較不受到重視；在實質回饋方面，與其他教師差異不大；惟不同體育教師間有相當大的個別差異。體育教師的組織信任，由於和人際互動有關，因此亦有較大的差異性；惟在組織承諾方面，普遍而言，則仍有較大的改善空間。
國民中學體育教師組織正義、組織信任與組織承諾的影響因素，主要包含：社會價值觀、政府決策、法令制度、家長、社區、學校組織環境、教師人際互動、體育教師本身因素、師資培育機構，以及上述因素的交互影響。
在問題與原因方面，主要包含：整體與觀念、法令制度、學校組織、體育教師與其他問題等五個層面。學者專家並分別針對上述問題與原因，提出改善國民中學體育教師組織正義、組織信任、組織承諾的方向與建議。學者專家們提供了多元而豐富的思考方向，不過總結而言，學者專家幾乎均一致強調，除社會價值觀與法令制度等外部因素外，體育教師需從本身做起，回歸體育的本質，重視體育課程與教學，並且自我要求、自我精進，方為提升組織正義、組織信任與組織承諾的根本之道。
最後，本研究依據文獻探討與實證研究結果，提出相關建議，作為後續研究者與有關單位之參考。
關鍵詞：體育教師、組織正義、組織信任、組織承諾

一、中文部分
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