研究生: |
楊其清 Chi-Ching Yang |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
組織內部知識移轉流程之研究-以惠普科技顧問事業群為例 A Study of the Process of Organizational Internal Knowledge Transfer: The Case of Hewlett-Packard Consulting |
指導教授: |
方崇雄
Fang, Chung-Hsiung |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
科技應用與人力資源發展學系 Department of Technology Application and Human Resource Development |
論文出版年: | 2001 |
畢業學年度: | 89 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 165 |
中文關鍵詞: | 組織知識 、組織內部知識 、知識移轉 、知識管理 |
英文關鍵詞: | organizational knowledge, organizational internal knowledge, knowledge transfer, knowledge management |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:163 下載:6 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
本研究主要目的在探討組織內部知識移轉的議題,包括組織內部知識移轉流程及具體做法、阻礙組織內部知識移轉的障礙與組織內部知識移轉的促進因子。本研究之組織內部知識的範圍,以Dixon(2000)的共同知識(common knowledge)為範圍,所謂共同知識,即指組織內部成員由擔任組織某項任務而學習到的知識。本研究採質的個案研究法進行,在研究設計上,採單一個案設計,透過深度訪談的方式進行資料的搜集,在研究過程中,研究者共訪談了個案公司「惠普科技顧問事業群」10位同仁,訪談後將訪談內容轉錄為逐字稿,並依Creswell(1998)的資料分析螺旋進行資料的管理與分析,最後得到以下結論:
一、組織內部知識移轉流程:本研究歸納整理出(一)衡量知識,(二)接觸知識,(三)應用知識,(四)調整知識,(五)蓄積知識五階段知識移轉流程。
二、阻礙組織內部知識移轉的障礙:本研究歸納整理出(一)知識來源者的障礙,(二)知識接收者的障礙,(三)知識來源者與知識接收者的溝通障礙,(四)時間的障礙,(五)知識本身的障礙,(六)知識管理系統的障礙等六項阻礙組織組織內部知識移轉的障礙。
三、組織內部知識移轉的促進因子:本研究共歸納整理出(一)相信工作夥伴與分享工作心得和資源的企業文化,(二)整合知識管理程序至專案運作的方法論,(三)重視知識管理的高階管理者,(四)促進知識移轉進行的做法,(五)促進知識移轉的資訊科技系統,(六)蘊藏豐富的知識資源,(七)鼓勵組織成員貢獻知識的激勵系統,(八)培養同僚間良好的情誼,(九)輔助知識移轉進行的知識管理相關人員,(十)促使全球夥伴間彼此能有良好的聯繫,(十一)提供顧問在工作中蓄積知識的時間,(十二)重視知識管理的績效評估系統等十二項組織內部知識移轉的促進因子。
ABSTRACT
The purposes of this study were to explore the important issues of organizational internal knowledge transfer, including the process of organizational internal knowledge and its know-how, the barriers of organizational internal knowledge transfer, and the enablers of organizational internal knowledge transfer. The range of internal knowledge defined in this study is based on common knowledge. According to Dixon’s definition (2000), common knowledge is the knowledge gained from the tasks of the organization. The research method employed was single case study of the qualitative research. The data was collected by in-depth interviews. In the process of the research, the author interviewed with 10 co-researchers in HP Consulting. After the interviews, the author coded the tapes into Word processor files. Then, according to data analysis spiral (Creswell, 1998), we can get the findings of the study as follows:
1. There are five steps in the process of organizational internal knowledge transfer. The five steps are as follows: (1) assessing knowledge, (2) contacting knowledge, (3) applying knowledge, (4) adjusting knowledge, and (5) accumulating knowledge.
2. There are six barriers of organizational internal knowledge transfer in HPC. They are as follows: (1) the barrier of the knowledge provider, (2) the barrier of the knowledge receiver, (3) the barrier of the communication between the knowledge provider and receiver, (4) the barrier of time, (5) the barrier of knowledge itself, and (6) the barrier of the knowledge management system.
3. There are twelve enablers of organizational internal knowledge transfer in HPC. They are as follows: (1) the culture of shareing tools, ideas and trusting your colleagues, (2) the methodology that integrates knowledge management processes into project process, (3) the high level managers who emphasize on knowledge management very much, (4) the activities which facilitate knowledge transfer, (5) the information technology that makes knowledge transfer easier and more convenient, (6) the rich knowledge resource which resides in organization, (7) the reward/award system which encourage HPC members to contribute their knowledge, (8) the good colleagues relations which are cultivated, (9) the players of knowledge management who support in the process of knowledge transfer, (10) the colleagues all over the world who can communicate with each other easily, (11) the time which is offered to consultants to accumulate knowledge in work, (12) the performance evaluation system which includes the term “Knowledge Management.“
一、中文部份
王文科(1994),質的教育研究法 (J. H. McMillan & S. Schumacher, 編譯)。台北:師大書苑。(原作出版於1989)。
王美音、楊子江(1997),創新求勝:智價企業論導讀 (I. Nonaka & H. Takeuchi, 翻譯)。台北:遠流。(原作出版於1995)。
王美音(1998),知識創新之泉:智價企業的經營 (D. Leonard-Barton, 翻譯)。台北:遠流。(原作出版於1995)。
林大容(1999),智慧資本:如何衡量資訊時代無形資產的價值 (L. Edvinsson & S. Malone, 翻譯)。台北:臉譜。(原作出版於1997)。
吳芝儀、李奉儒(1995),質的評鑑與研究 (M. Q. Patton, 翻譯)。台北縣:桂冠。(原作出版於1990)。
胡瑋珊(1999),知識管理 (T. H. Davenport & L. Prusak, 翻譯)。台北:生產力中心。(原作出版於1998)。
洪明洲(2000),知識管理與創新 (J. B. Quinn, J. J. Baruch, & K. A. Zien, 翻譯)。台北:商周。(原作出版於1997)。
高熏芳、林盈助、王向葵(2001),質化研究設計 : 一種互動取向的方法 (J. A. Maxwell, 翻譯)。台北:心理。(原作出版於1996)。
馬曉雲(2000),知識管理實務應用。台北:微軟。
傅振焜(1994),後資本主義社會 (P. F. Drucker, 翻譯)。台北:時報。 (原作出版於1993)。
惠普科技股份有限公司(2001),企業文化:惠普風範。取自:http://www.hp.com.tw/ahp/hp_way.htm
鄒景平(2000),知識管理的關鍵成功因素。軟體產業通訊,29,23-24。
齊思賢(2000),知識經濟時代 (L. C. Thurow, 翻譯)。台北:時報。 (原作出版於1999)。
劉京偉(2000),知識管理的第一本書 (Arthur Andersen Business Consulting, 翻譯)。台北:商週。(原作出版於1999)。
劉權瑩(1998),資訊服務業知識管理之研究:以台灣HP與台灣IBM為例。國立政治大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
二、外文部份
Albino, V., Garavelli, A. C., & Schiuma, G.(1999). Knowledge transfer and inter-firm relationships in industrial districts: the role of the leader firm. Technovation, 19(1), 53-63.
Allee, V.(1997), 12 principles of knowledge management. Training & Development, 51(11), 71-74.
Andersen(2001).About us: our awards. Available http://www.arthurandersen.com/content/AboutUsAwards?OpenDocument
Argote, L.(1999). Organization learning, creating, retaining and transferring knowledge, Massachusetts: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Argote, L. & Ingram, P.(2000a). Knowledge transfer in organizations: Learning from the experience of others. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 82(1), 1-8.
Argote, L. & Ingram, P.(2000b). Knowledge transfer: A basis for competitive advantage in firms, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 82(1), 150-169.
Badaracco, J.(1991). Knowledge link:how firms compete through strategies alliance. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
Brooking, A.(1999). Corporate memory: strategies for knowledge management. London; New York: International Thomson Business Press.
Boisot, M.(1998). Knowledge asserts: securing competitive advantage in the information economy. New York: Oxford University Press.
Creswell, J. W.(1998). Qualitative inquiry and research design: choosing among five traditions. London: Sage Publications.
Dixon, N. M.(2000). Common knowledge: how companies thrive by sharing what they know. Boston, Mass.: Harvard Business School Press.
Gilbert, M. & Cordey-Hayes, M.(1996). Understanding the process of knowledge transfer to achieve successful technological innovation. Technovation, 16(6), 301-312.
Glesne, C. & Peshkin, A.(1992). Becoming qualitative researchers: An introduction. New York: Longman.
Grant, R. M.(1996). Toward a knowledge-based theory of the firm. Strategic Management Journal, 17(Winter Special Issue), 109-122.
Harem, T., Krogh, G. v. & Roos, J.(1996). Knowledge-based strategic change. In Krogh, G., & Roos, J.(Eds.), Managing Knowledge: perspectives on cooperation and competition(pp.116-136). London: SAGE Publications.
Hedlund, G. (1994). A model of knowledge management and the N-Form corporation. Strategic Management Journal.15(Summer Special Issue), 73-90.
Howells, J.(1996). Tacit knowledge, innovation and technology transfer. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 8(2), 91-106.
HPC(2000a), Knowledge management at HP Consulting. Available HPC internal document.
HPC(2000b), Inplementing knowledge management to support a global consulting business. Available HPC internal document.
HPC(2000c), K-spiral. Available HPC internal document.
HPC(2001), HPC’s K-Guide: your guide to knowledge. Available HPC internal document.
Ichijo, K., Krough, G., & Nonaka, I. (1998). Knowledge enablers. In Krogh G. & Roos J. (Eds.), Knowing in Firms (pp.173-203). London: Sage publications.
Joanne, R.(2000). From know-how to show-how? questioning the role of information and communication technologies in knowledge transfer. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management. 12(4), 429-443.
Knapp, E. M.(1998). Knowledge management. Business and Economic Review. 44(4), 3-6.
Lahti, R. K. & Beyerlein, M. M.(2000). Knowledge transfer and management consulting: a look at the firm. Business Horizon, 43(1), 65-74.
Martiny, M.(1998). Knowledge management at HP consulting, Organizational Dynamics, 27(2), 71-77.
Maula, M.(2000). Three parallel knowledge processes. Knowledge and Process Management, 7(1), 55-59.
Nonaka, I. & Konno, N.(1998). The concept of “ba” : building a foundation for knowledge creation. California Management Review,40(3), 40-54.
O’Dell, C. S. & Grayson, C. J.(1998). If only we know what we know: the transfer of internal knowledge and best practice. New York: Free Press.
Pan, S. L. & Scarbrough, H.(1999). Knowledge management in practice: an exploratory case study. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 11(3), 359-374.
Polanyi, M. (1960). Personal knowledge: towards a post-critical philosophy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Purser, R. E. & Pasmore, W. A.(1992). Organizing for Learning. In Pasmore, W. & Pasmore, W.(Eds.). In Organizational change and development. (pp.37-114). London : JAI Press Inc.
Quinn, J. B., Anderson, P. , & Finkeistein, S.(1996). Managing professional intellect : making the most of the best. Harvard Business Review, 74(2), 71-80.
Rulke, D. L., Zaheer, S., & Anderson, M. H. (2000). Sources of managers’ knowledge of organization capabilities. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 82(1), 134-149.
Sarvy, M.(1999). Knowledge management and competition in the consulting industry. California Management Review, 41(2), 95-107.
Spender, J. C. (1996). Making knowledge the basis of a dynamic theory of the firm. Strategic Management Journal, 17 (Winter Special Issue), 45-62.
Szulanski, G.(1996). Exploring internal stickiness: impediments to the transfer of best practice within the firm. Strategic Management Journal, 17 (Winter Special Issue), 27-43.
Szulanski, G.(2000). The process of knowledge transfer: a diachronic analysis of stickiness. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 82(1), 9-27.
Truran, W. R.(1998). Pathways for knowledge: how companies learn through people engineering. Management Journal, 10(4), 15-20.
Verkasalo, M. & Lappalainen, P.(1998). A method of measuring the efficiency of the knowledge utilization process. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 45(4), 414-423.
Wiig, K. M.(1997). Integrating intellectual capital and knowledge management. Long Range Planning, 30(3), 399-405.
Yin, R. K. (1984). Case study research: design and methods. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Zack, M. H.(1999). Managing codified knowledge. Sloan Management Review, 40(4), 45-58.
Zerega, B.(1998). HP consulting shifts to meet global need for sercices, InfoWorld, 20(26), 85.