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研究生: 陳冠文
論文名稱: 水熱法成長氧化鋅奈米線陣列應用於染料敏化太陽能電池
Application of ZnO nanowire array on the electrode of dye-sensitized solar cell by hydrothermal method
指導教授: 程金保
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 機電工程學系
Department of Mechatronic Engineering
論文出版年: 2009
畢業學年度: 97
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 99
中文關鍵詞: 氧化鋅水熱法摻雜鋁染料敏化太陽能電池
英文關鍵詞: ZnO, hydrothermal method, doped Al, DSSC
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:196下載:13
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  • 本研究使用溶膠凝膠法(sol gel method)製備氧化鋅薄膜,作為成長氧化鋅奈米線陣列基底,經退火處理後,可得到高結晶的微小表面顆粒種子層;水熱法(Hydrothermal method)的水溶液環境中利用氧化鋅特有極性表面特性,在同質氧化鋅種子層上成長奈米線陣列,控制反應水溶液濃度以及成長時間,製備出高準直性的奈米線陣列,得到最佳的電極長度與長寬比(L=2300 nm, L/D=46)。在水熱環境中摻雜2 at.%鋁使氧化鋅奈米線增強結晶性,使長寬比由46增加至60.5,改善電極表面形貌,鋁離子的嵌入亦能增強電子傳導性與材料表面極性,使奈米線電極對染料吸附能力增加、抑止ZnO2+/dye錯合物的產生。以更換反應水溶液方式持續成長摻雜鋁奈米線增加體表面積,接續成長方式使電極長度由2.3 m增加至6.6 m,而效率則由0.152%提升至0.834%。摻雜2 at.%鋁氧化鋅奈米線電極,在相似長度下(約6.5 m),改善電池效率由純氧化鋅奈米線陣列的0.492%提升至0.834%。

    n this study, the use of sol-gel method preparation of ZnO thin film, as the growth of zinc oxide nanowire array substrate, after annealing, will be high crystallinity of the small surface particles seed layer. Hydrothermal method in the aqueous environment specific to the use of zinc oxide polar surface properties, in the same seed layer of zinc oxide nanowire array growth, control reaction in aqueous solution concentration, as well as the growth time, the preparation of high collimation of the nanowire arrays. The most good length and aspect ratio of the electrode (L = 2300 nm, L / D = 46). Hydrothermal environments in the doping 2 at.% Aluminum zinc oxide nanowire crystalline enhanced, so that aspect ratio increased to 60.5 from 46, to improve the electrode surface morphology, aluminum ion can embed and enhance the electronic conductivity of materials surface polarity, so that nanowire electrode to increase the adsorption capacity of dye, the stifling of the ZnO2+ / dye complexes generated wrong. Way to replace the reaction of aqueous solution growth of aluminum-doped nanowire increased body surface area, continued growth means the length of electrode from 2.3 m to 6.6 m, and the efficiency of up to 0.152 percent from 0.834 percent. Doped 2 at.% Aluminum zinc oxide nanowire electrode, similar in length in the next (about 6.5 m), to improve the efficiency of the battery from pure zinc oxide nanowire arrays of 0.492% to 0.834%.

    第一章 序論 11 前言………………………………………………………………….1 12太陽能電池………………………………………………..…………2 13研究動機與目的……………………………………………..………5 第二章 理論與文獻回顧 21 氧化鋅材料……………………………………………….…………6 211氧化鋅材料特性…………………………………….………….6 212鋁摻雜氧化鋅特性……………………………………………..8 22染料敏化太陽能電池……………………………………….……….9 221染料敏化太陽能電池材料……………………………………..9 222 N3染料分子材料…………………………………..…………..9 223 N3染料分子結構與功能…………………………….………..11 224 染料敏化太陽能電池工作原理………...…………………….13 23 太陽能電池光電轉換效率分析………………………..…………..17 231太陽光譜照度與空氣質量…………………………………….17 232太陽能電池光電轉換效率計算……………………….………18 24 氧化鋅奈米線應用於染料敏化太陽能電池研究…………………20 241氧化鋅材料應用於染料敏化太陽能電池研究……………….20 242 奈米線電極結構特性………………………………………….20 243 氧化鋅奈米結構製備技術…………………………………….21 25 水熱法製備氧化鋅奈米材料………………………………………..23 251 種子層對水熱法製備奈米結構影響....………………………..23 252 溶膠凝膠法……………………………………….…………….23 253旋轉塗佈法……………………………………….…………….26 254 熱處理…………………………………………………………..26 255 水熱法成長氧化鋅奈米結構……………….………………….27 256 水熱法成長氧化鋅奈米結構應用於染料敏化太陽能電池…..31 第三章 實驗方法與步驟 31 實驗藥品與耗材………………………………..……………………32 32 實驗流程規劃……………………………………..…………………33 321 基板清洗………………………………………..………………34 322 氧化鋅種子層製備………………………………..……………35 323 水熱法製備一維氧化鋅奈米線陣列…………………………..37 324 電解質調製………………………………………………..……38 325染料調製與使用…………………………………..…………….38 326 元件封裝………………………………………….…………….39 33 材料性質分析………………………………………………………..40 331 掃描式電子顯微鏡(Scanning electron microscope, SEM)…....40 332 X光繞射分析儀(Xray diffraction, XRD)……………………..40 333 X光光電子能譜儀(Xray photoelectron spectroscopy, XPS)…40 334 電壓電流量測(IV measurment)……………………..………..41 335 顯微拉曼光譜儀(MircoRaman spectroscopy)………………..41 336 太陽能電池效率分析…………………………………..………42 41 以溶膠凝膠法製備氧化鋅種子層……………………………..……42 411 不同轉速製備氧化鋅種子層表面形貌……………….……….42 412 不同退火溫度熱處理氧化鋅種子層…………………………..44 42 水熱法製備氧化鋅奈米線陣列結果與特性分析…….…………….45 421 反應物濃度對氧化鋅奈米線陣列形貌影響…………………..45 422 反應物濃度比對氧化鋅奈米線陣列形貌影響…………….….47 423 成長時間對氧化鋅奈米線陣列形貌影響…………………..…48 424 製程時間對氧化鋅奈米線陣列形貌影響……………….…….50 43 鋁摻雜氧化鋅奈米線陣列結果與特性分析………………………52 431 摻雜鋁氧化鋅奈米線陣列形貌與結構分析…………………52 432 摻雜鋁氧化鋅奈米線陣列元素含量分析……………………56 433 雜鋁氧化鋅奈米線陣列成分分析……………………………57 434 摻雜鋁氧化鋅奈米線光電特性分析……………............……60 44 染料對摻雜鋁氧化鋅電極吸附狀態分析…………….........…..…..61 441 N3染料吸附之拉曼光譜分析……………….........……….…..61 442 染料吸附時間對摻雜鋁氧化鋅奈米線形貌影響……........….61 443 染料吸附摻雜鋁氧化鋅奈米線效率分析…….........................68 444 染料吸附不同長度摻雜鋁氧化鋅奈米線效率分析…….....…72 第五章 結論與展望 51 結論………………………….......................................................…..75 52 未來展望………………………………….................................……76 參考文獻…………………………………………………………………………77

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