研究生: |
陳郁婷 Chen, Yu-Ting |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
華語文教學的文化衝擊與跨文化適應敘事探究—
以美國馬里蘭州某公立中學華師為例 A Narrative Inquiry of Culture Shock and Cross-Cultural Adaptation of Teaching Chinese – A Case Study of a Chinese Teacher in a Public Middle School in the Maryland State, U. S. A. |
指導教授: |
蔡雅薫
Tsai, Ya-Hsun |
口試委員: |
林振興
Lin, Zhen-Xing 蔡娉婷 Tsai, Ping-Ting 蔡雅薫 Tsai, Ya-Hsun |
口試日期: | 2023/06/20 |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
華語文教學系海外華語師資數位碩士在職專班 Department of Chinese as a Second Language_Online Continuing Education Master's Program of Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language |
論文出版年: | 2023 |
畢業學年度: | 111 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 136 |
中文關鍵詞: | 敘事探究 、文化衝擊 、文化適應 、跨文化適應 、華語文教學 |
英文關鍵詞: | Narrative Inquiry, Culture Shock, Acculturation, Cross-culture Adaptation, Chinese Teaching |
研究方法: | 敘事探究 |
DOI URL: | http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202300746 |
論文種類: | 代替論文:專業實務報告(專業實務類) |
相關次數: | 點閱:176 下載:23 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
本論文以敘事探究的方法,敘說研究者在美國華府地區某私立大學擔任華語文教師七年以後,為了追求更穩定的職業生涯,轉換跑道到美國馬里蘭州某公立中學。因為陌生的教育制度、公校環境、教學對象與教學型態產生許多文化衝擊,而為應對上述四個主要面向的困境,研究者所採取的跨文化適應策略與模式。
研究資料以自入職公立中學開始的2022年9月到2023 年5月這段完整經歷文化適應歷程的8個月,期間與學校行政、同事、學生間口頭對話的文字回溯紀錄,與同事的聊天群組訊息記錄、學生學習成果的照片記錄以及環境觀察的文字紀錄為研究文本。主要研究問題有二:第一,研究者為臺灣教育環境下成長、培育的教師,在美國公立中學任教的文化衝擊與跨文化適應歷程為何?第二、研究者的華語文教學場域自美國的大學轉換到公立中學,因應教學對象改變的跨文化適應歷程模式、策略為何?
研究結果發現,跨文化適應是一個動態的調整歷程,對應於不同情況與事件,可能採用不同的適應策略。由於臺灣與美國的中學在各方面差異頗大,因此在適應行政體制與人事相處方面,研究者採用同化策略;在班級管理與師生關係經營時,應情境兼採同化與整合的策略模式。教學場域由美國的大學轉換到中學時,對教學方式、風格、活動、評量等,為適應學生年齡的特質與學習風格,則採用整合的適應策略。最後,研究者也針對自大學到中學的轉場與應變歸結出新的意義:一、重新平衡的工作、薪酬與個人生活;二、重新定位老師的自我角色與期待;三、重新思考華語文的教與學。
Narrative inquiry is used in this thesis as a research method to inquire that the researcher served as a Chinese language teacher for seven years in a private university in Washington, DC. After that, she switched careers to a public middle school Chinese teacher in Maryland, USA, to pursue a more stable position. The researcher encountered a few culture shocks from the unfamiliar educational system, public school environment, new students, and learning styles since then, and to cope with the difficulties accordingly, cross-cultural adaptation strategies and models were adopted.
The research materials were collected from September 2022 to May 2023, including conversations with school administrators, colleagues, and students, group chat messages with colleagues, photo pictures of students' learning achievements, and environmental observation. There are two main research questions: firstly, what are the cultural shock and cross-cultural adaptation process of the researcher as a teacher who grew up and was trained in Taiwan's educational environment but taught in American public middle schools? Secondly, what are the models and strategies of the cross-cultural adaptation process for the researchers when transitioning from teaching Chinese in American universities to public middle schools?
The results show that cross-cultural adaptation is a dynamic adjustment process, and different adaptation strategies may be adopted according to different situations and events. Because of the great differences between middle schools in Taiwan Province and the United States in various aspects, researchers adopt assimilation strategies in adapting to the administrative system and getting along with personnel; In class management and teacher-student relationship, the strategy mode of assimilation and integration should be adopted in both situations. When the teaching is changed from American universities to middle schools, integrated adaptation strategies are adopted for teaching methods, styles, activities, evaluation, etc., to better adapt to the features of students' age and learning styles. Finally, the researcher also summed up new meanings for teaching in middle school: Firstly, to rebalance work, salary, and personal life; Secondly, to reposition the teacher's role and expectation; Thirdly, to rethink teaching and learning Chinese.
中文
專書
紐文英(2021)。質性研究方法與論文寫作(三版)。台北市:雙葉書廊。
莊明貞(2010)敘事探究:課程與教學的應用。臺北市:心理出版社。
張曉佩、卓秀足(譯)(2018)。理解敘說探究:以故事的雕琢與分析作為研究(原作者:Kim, Jeong-Hee, 2015)。臺北市:心理出版社。
張媁雯(2021)。不止說Hello:國際力與跨文化學習。台北市:華藝數位股份有限公司學術出版部。
畢恆達(2020)。教授為什麼沒告訴我。台北市:小畢空間出版社。
黃雅英(2015)。華語文跨文化溝通教學—理論與實務。台北市:新學林出版。
蔡敏玲、余曉雯(譯)(2003)。敘說探究:質性研究中的經驗與故事。(原作者:Clandinin, D. Jean & Connelly, F. Michael, 2010)臺北市:心理出版社。
蕭瑞麟(2020)。不用數字的研究:質性研究的思辨脈絡(第五版)。台北市:五南出版社。
顧力行(2012)。跨文化適應(一):理論探索與實證研究。中國:上海外語教育出版社。
論文
王薇淳(2022)。內容導向課程設計與實踐研究—以一位高級華語者為例。(碩士論文。臺北市立大學)臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統。 https://hdl.handle.net/11296/8yd9kt
宋奇勳(2018)。新手教師應用讀者劇場於兒童華語夏令營之敘事探究。(碩士論文。國立臺北教育大學)臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統。 https://hdl.handle.net/11296/hr6992
吳佳穎(2015)。任職於臺灣高職與補習班的四位以英語為母語的教師之跨文化適應研究。(碩士論文。朝陽科技大學)臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統。 https://hdl.handle.net/11296/pws28p
李毓慈(2022)。菲向臺灣的英語教師:一位外籍英語教師跨文化適應與教師自我效能的敘事研究。(碩士論文。東海大學)臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統。 https://hdl.handle.net/11296/9ux436
周美鑾(2015)。金門外籍教師的跨文化適應。(碩士論文。銘傳大學﹞臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統。 https://hdl.handle.net/11296/ee7953
胡志玉(2022)。跨文化幼兒華語節慶教學之敘事探究-以美國南加州中文學校親子中文學前班為例。(碩士論文。國立臺灣師範大學﹞臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統。 https://hdl.handle.net/11296/34ej93
殷千惠(2014)。跨文化適應-以一位美籍教師在臺灣的科技大學為例。(碩士論文。朝陽科技大學)臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統。 https://hdl.handle.net/11296/tgs3q5
張琳(2022)。多模式文本融入華語文教學的敘事探究。﹝碩士論文。國立臺北教育大學﹞臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統。 https://hdl.handle.net/11296/eq5qy3
陳秀瑜(2015)。一名華語實習教師的實習歷程與反思敍事探究。(碩士論文。中國文化大學)臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統。 https://hdl.handle.net/11296/44768w
彭文松(2005)。認知風格、學習風格與思考風格之區辨研究。(碩士論文。國立新竹教育大學)臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統。https://hdl.handle.net/11296/u9xfn5
黃思涵(2017)。語言經驗取向應用於新住民女性創作認同文本之敘事探究。(碩士論文。國立臺北教育大學)臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統。 https://hdl.handle.net/11296/7vaxbc
楊斯米(2023)。從臺灣中學國文教育至美國小學華語教學之TEACH-NOW跨界自我敘說。(碩士論文。國立臺灣師範大學)臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統。 https://hdl.handle.net/11296/wsbxun
溫亭羽(2021)。一位語文跨界教師專業成長的敘事探究。(博士論文。國立臺灣師範大學)臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統。 https://hdl.handle.net/11296/9u6y4k
蔡靜儀(2015)。在臺外籍教師之文化衝擊與跨文化適應之研究—以美國、英國、加拿大籍教師為例。(博士論文。國立暨南國際大學)臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統。 https://hdl.handle.net/11296/ax54jj
潘筠潔(2022)。滾入蕃薯島的黃殼雞蛋:一位美籍華裔在臺留學的跨文化敘事。(碩士論文。國立臺灣師範大學)臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統。 https://hdl.handle.net/11296/9k7cy2
謝欣卉(2016)。教師的跨文化適應~大陸台校教師的美麗與哀愁。(碩士論文。大葉大學)臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統。 https://hdl.handle.net/11296/uq9m3m
期刊
李惠文,李顺清 , & 韩丽芬 (2017)。在美中文教师常见的文化冲击及对策。汉语学习与教学研究, 3, 57-66。
余伟,郑钢(2005)。跨文化心理学中的文化适应研究(電子版)。心理科学进展13,6,836-846。file:///Users/yuting.chen/Downloads/%E8%B7%A8%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E5%BF%83%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E9%80%82%E5%BA%94%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6.pdf
范信賢(2013)敘事探究的社會學想像: 個體經驗與社會脈絡的交織(電子版)。課程與教學季刊 2013, 16 (1), 頁 139~158。
趙偉順、張玉山(2011)。經驗學習理論在生活科技課程的教學應用-以「扭轉乾坤」曲柄玩具單元為例。中學工藝教育, 44(6),1-21。
https://doi.org/10.6232/LTE.2011.44
盧秋珍(2014)。跨文化溝通與理解教育的意義。國家教育研究院電子報,第83期,2014-03。https://epaper.naer.edu.tw/edm.php?grp_no=2&edm_no=83&content_no=2070
網路
石光生(2010)跨文化劇場:傳播與詮釋。跨文化研究網站,檢索日期:2023年4月4日。http://faculty.stust.edu.tw/~bwwang/interculture/academic_8_2.html
三觀不正,維基百科。檢索日期:2023年4月20日。https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hant/%E4%B8%89%E8%A7%82%E4%B8%8D%E6%AD%A3
皮亞傑(Jean_Piaget)認知發展理論。教育百科。檢索日期:2023年4月27日。 https://pedia.cloud.edu.tw/Entry/WikiContent?title=%E7%9A%AE%E4%BA%9E%E5%82%91%28Jean_Piaget%29%E8%AA%8D%E7%9F%A5%E7%99%BC%E5%B1%95%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96&search=%E7%9A%AE%E4%BA%9E%E5%82%91%28Jean_Piaget%29%E8%AA%8D%E7%9F%A5%E7%99%BC%E5%B1%95%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96
經濟合作暨發展組織,臺灣經濟部貿易局網站。檢索日期:2023年4月14日。https://www.trade.gov.tw/Pages/List.aspx?nodeID=251
Maquita Alexander, Elizabeth Weise (2019). 家长为中文沉浸式教育的伙伴:作出决定并提供支持。全美低龄与沉浸式中文课程联盟 (Chinese Early Language and Immersion Network)2019. 檢索日期:2023年4月13日。 https://asiasociety.org/education/chinese-early-language-and-immersion-network
外文
Book
Abrams, Z. (2020). Figures. In Intercultural Communication and Language Pedagogy: From Theory to Practice (p. Xii). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hall, E. T. (1989). Beyond Culture. Italy: Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group.
Gao, Jian (2005). Rhymes & Rhythm for learning Chinese. Simple Excellent Chinese.
Berry, John (1992). Cross-Cultural Psychology: Research and Applications. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
Kim, Young Yun (1988). Cross-Cultural Adaptation: Current Approaches. United Kingdom: SAGE Publications.
Articles
Black, J., Mendenhall, M., (1991). The U-Curve Adjustment Hypothesis Revisited: A Review and Theoretical Framework. J Int Bus Stud 22, 225–247. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490301
Irwin, Rachel (2007). Culture shock: negotiating feelings in the field. Anthropology Matters. 9. 1. https://www.anthropologymatters.com/index.php/anth_matters/article/view/64/123
Kim, Young Yun (2017). Cross-Cultural Adaptation. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228613.013.21
Oberg, K. (1960). Cultural Shock: Adjustment to New Cultural Environments. Practical Anthropology, os-7(4), 177–182. https://doi.org/10.1177/009182966000700405
Pedersen, P. (1995). The Five Stages of Culture Shock: Critical Incidents Around the World. Contributions in Psychology, no. 25. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press.
Ward, C., Okura, Y., Kennedy, A., & Kojima, T., (1998). Study of psychological and sociocultural adjustment during Cross-Cultural transition. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 22. 3. 277-291. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S014717679800008X
White, Lawrence, (2005). Abstract from Making Sense of Adult Learning: Experiential Learning. New Horizons in Adult Education and Human Resource Development. 19. 10.1002/nha3.10232.
Website
American Council on Immersion Education. University of Minnesota. Retrieved April 13, 2023 from https://carla.umn.edu/immersion/acie.html
Apply for Free and Reduced Priced Meals. Prince George’s County Public Schools. Retrieved April 23, 2023, from https://www.pgcps.org/offices/food-and-nutrition/free-and-reduced-meals
Culture adjustment, Berkely International Office. Retrieved May 10, 2023. From https://internationaloffice.berkeley.edu/living/cultural
Culture shock. In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved April 16, 2023, from https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Culture_shock&oldid=1142041706
Handbook-PISA-2018-Global-Competence. Retrieved April 14, 2023, from https://www.oecd.org/pisa/Handbook-PISA-2018-Global-Competence.pdf
Jeremy Sutton (2021). What Is Cross-Cultural Psychology? 11 Theories & Examples. Retrieved April 28, 2023 from https://positivepsychology.com/cross-cultural-psychology/
Klein, Jennifer. (2017). Moving Beyond Visible Culture: Diving Beneath the Surface in Global Learning. In Solution Tree Blog. Retrieved May 25, 2023. From https://www.solutiontree.com/blog/moving-beyond-visible-culture/
American Council on Immersion Education. University of Minnesota. Retrieved April 13, 2023 from https://carla.umn.edu/immersion/acie.html
Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Competence. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved April 15, 2023, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/competence
Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Culture shock. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved April 15, 2023, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/culture%20shock
PISA, OECD. Retrieved April 22, 2023, from https://www.oecd.org/pisa/innovation/global-competence/#:~:text=What%20is%20Global%20Competence%3F,global%20issues%20or%20intercultural%20situations
Public School Report Card, Maryland State Department of Education. Retrieved April 25, 2023, from https://reportcard.msde.maryland.gov/Graphs/#/Assessments/MathPerformance/6MAT/6/6/3/1/16/1326/2022
Saul Mcleod (2023) . Kolb’s Learning Styles And Experiential Learning Cycle. Visited April 08, 2023, from https://www.simplypsychology.org/learning-kolb.html
Wikipedia contributors. (2023, April 29). Kalervo Oberg. In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 15:30, May 10, 2023, from https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kalervo_Oberg&oldid=1152310625
Wikipedia contributors. (2023, May 1). Prince George's County, Maryland. In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved May 1, 2023, from https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prince_George%27s_County,_Maryland&oldid=1161408959