福克納故事集中,荒野單元裡的四篇故事呈現了福氏筆下契克索/恰克索印
地安人與白人之間初期的文化關係.由於不可避免的文化誤解, 以及印地
安與白人對彼此文化的錯誤態度, 故事中的文化關係泰半以負面觀點視
之. 除了"追求"之外,故事中的文化關係都是單向的. 在"追求"中, 由於
彼此間能互相接納與包容,兩種族間產生難得的文化互動. "正義"與"紅
葉"反映出印地安人對白人文化的態度. 從這兩篇故事可以看出印地安人
在盲目得接受白人的生活方式之後, 逐漸受到白人文化的負面影響. "正
義"著重在白人文化對引進奴隸制度的印地安酋長伊克莫提比所造成的影
響. "紅葉"則著墨在印地安人因應奴隸制度所產生的難題.奴隸制度和印
地安人的沒落也有密切的關聯.另一方面, "瞧!"則呈現了白人對印地安人
及印地安文化的優越態度. 在印地安與白人的文化接觸中, 印地安人也因
此成為犧牲者.總而言之, 印地安與白人間缺乏文化互動. 這樣的結果與
印地安這個被視為次等的民族的沒落是息息相關的.

In Collected Stories of William Faulkner, the four stories in
the section entitled "The Wilderness" display the early
cultural relationships between Faulkner's Chickasaw/Choctaw
Indians and the white people. Partly because of the
inevitability of cultural misunderstanding, and partly because
of the Indians' and the white people's incorrect attitudes
toward each other's cultures, the cultural encounters are
mostly viewed in a negative light. By and large, the cultural
relationships are one-sided relationships in the four stories,
with the sole exception of "A Courtship," where mutual
acceptance and tolerance has makde cultural interplay between
the two races possible. The Indians' attitudes toward white
culture are revealed in "A Justice" and "Red Leaves." Both
stories demonstrate how the Indians, after blindly adopting
more and more of white men's way of living, receive the harmful
influences of white culture. "A Justice" focuses on the
harmful influences of white culture on the Indian chief
Ikkemotubbe, who introduces slavery into the Indian societies.
"Red Leaves" centers on the difficulties the Indians have in
coping with slavery which also has a close relation with the
Indians' degeneration. On the other hand, as is shown in "Lo!,"
the white people adopt superior attitudes toward the Indians
and their culture. The Indians are therefore victims in their
cultural encounters with the white people. Thus, the failure of
cultural interplay between the Indians and the white people
certainly has a close correlation with the degeneration of the
supposedly inferior Indian people.
In Collected Stories of William Faulkner, the four stories in