探討尤金易沙意 (Eugène Ysaÿe, 1858 - 1931)《六首無伴奏小提琴奏鳴曲作品二十七》(Six Sonatas for Violin Solo, Op.27) 之演奏風格。創作於 1923 - 1924 年，這是他晚期作品中的代表作。易沙意六首小提琴無伴奏奏鳴曲，是獻給當世六位偉大的小提琴演奏家，而這一系列曲目的靈感是來自於易沙意在一次的演奏會中，聆聽了小提琴家約瑟夫席格悌演奏巴赫六首無伴奏奏鳴曲的緣故，深深被席格悌的演奏所感動。易沙意自己對巴赫作品也是充滿著崇敬與讚嘆，再加上受到了其他經典作曲家兼小提琴演奏家的影響，促使他決定撰寫屬於自己獨特風格與思維的六首無伴奏小提琴奏鳴曲。易沙意的家人、老師及同儕，在音樂的理念、方向，以及做人的態度和信念上，也帶給他極大的影響，使得他對音樂演奏技巧和詮釋，能有全面性的認知。

被比喻為自帕格尼尼後最偉大的革新者，易沙意在提琴演奏上的貢獻與提升，是值得每一位愛好提琴的人去研究及探討的。在學習的過程中，若能將易沙意無伴奏曲子仔細研習、用心詮釋、並演奏發表，將會為演奏者帶來許多提琴演奏上的突破。又如主題與伴奏的創作概念，在這六首無伴奏奏鳴曲當中，扮演重要的角色，若能分析並清楚的演奏，必能有效的加強對音樂聲部的概念。

雖然沒有遺留任何易沙意演奏這六首奏鳴曲的影音檔，但透過他周圍的親朋好友，並藉由文獻及轉述，可以曉得易沙意是如何去詮釋音樂的，也進一步推斷這六首無伴奏奏鳴曲該如何去詮釋及發表。這一系列的創作所代表的，就是易沙意的本人、他的風格和他如何將表演藝術實踐出來。

書目

Brook, Donald. Violinists of Today. London:Rockliff, 1950.

Campell, Margaret. Oscar Shumsky - Ysaÿe Sonatas. CD liner note. Nimbus Records.

Flesch, Carl. Memoirs, trans. Hans Keller. New York: Da Capo, 1979.

Galamian, Ivan. Ten Principles of Violin Playing and Teaching. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1962.

Ginsburg, Lev. Ysaÿe. Neptune City: Paganianina Publication, 1980.

Grove, Sir George. A Dictionary of Music and Musicians. New York: St. Martin’s Press, Inc., 1961.

Howard, Jeffrey. Composition by Collaboration, The Strad 105, 1994.

Kasparek, Franz. Liner notes from Six Sonatas for Solo Violin Op.27. Benjamin Schmid, violin, ARTE NOVA Musikproduktions GmbH, 1999.

Lochner, Louis. Fritz Kreisler. New York: Macmillan, 1950.

Lowell. Eugène Ysaÿe and Musical Dialogue. GLS Symposium.

Martens, Frederick H. Violin Mastery: Talks with Master Violinist and Teachers. New York: Frederick A. Stokes Comany Publishers, 1919.

Roth, Henry. Violin Virtuosos: from Paganini to the 21st Century. Los Angeles: California Classics Books, 1997.

Stockheim, Michal. Preface. Ysaÿe, Eugène. Six Sonatas for Violin Solo, Op.27. Ed. by Norbert Stockholm. Munich, Germany: Urtext. 2004, V.

Szigeti, Joseph. With Strings Attached - Remembrances and Reflections. New York, 1967.

Wood, Henry Joseph. My Life of Music. London: Gollancz, 1938.

Ysaÿe, Antoine. Ysaÿe: Historical Account of the Six Sonatas for Unaccompanied Violin Op.27 of Ysaÿe. Brussels: Editions Ysaÿe, 1968.

Ysaÿe, Antoine and Bertram Ratcliffe. Ysaÿe, His Life, Work And Influence. London: William Heinemann Ltd, 1947.

論文

Buckles, Michael Kim. ‘A Structured Content Analysis of Five Contemporary Etude Books for the Violin’. D.M.A. diss., the Louisiana State University, 2003.

Fernandez, Ana Luque. ‘The Works of Manuel Quiroga: A Catalogue’, D.M.A. diss., Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, 2002.

Hoatson, Karen D. ‘Culmination of the Belgian Violin Tradition: The Innovative style of Eugène Ysaÿe’. D.M.A. diss., University of California, Los Angeles, 1999.

Iwazumi, Ray. ‘The Six Sonates pour violin seul, op. 27 of Eugène Ysaÿe: Critical commentary and interpretive analysis of the sketches, manuscripts, and published editions’. D.M.A. diss., Juilliard School, 2004.

Yang, Manshan. ‘The Six Sonatas for Unaccompanied Violin by Eugène Ysaÿe: a study in dedication and interpretation’. D.M.A. diss., Victoria University of Wellington, 2016.

樂譜版本

Ysaÿe, Eugène. Six Sonates pour Violon Seul, Op.27. ed. 2049. New York: G. Schirmer Inc., 1924.

Ysaÿe, Eugène. Ten Preludes for Violin Solo, Op. 35, Brussels: Scott Press, 1952.

Ysaÿe, Eugène. Sechs Sonaten fur Violine Solo, Op.27. Munich: G. Henle Verlag, 2006.

網路參考

Allmusic Online;
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Ginnyburges. “Beautiful violin gems of the 3 B’s”. Rhapsody in words.com. 02 August, 2016. Web. August 2016; https://rhapsodyinwords.com/2016/08/02/beautiful-violin-gems-%F0%9F%8E%BC%F0%9F%8E%BB-of-the-3-bs-beriot-bull-and-bazzini/

Grove Music Online;
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Niles, Laurie. “Ray Iwazumi on Ysaÿe’s sonatas no.2 and no.5.” Violinist.com. 16 June, 2011. Web. Jan.2012; https://www.violinist.com/blog/laurie/20116/12408/

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視聽資料

Baráti, Kristóf. “Ysaÿe Solo Sonatas”. Brilliant Classics, 2013. ASIN: B00CLHMKAS

Kaler, Ilya. “Eugène Ysaÿe: Solo Violin Sonatas, op.27”. Naxos, 2004. ASIN: B0000ZKRTY.

Kavakos, Leonidas. “Eugène Ysaÿe, Six Sonatas for Solo Violin op.27”. BIS, 1999. ASIN: B000046S1P.