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研究生: 蔣沛伶
Chiang, Pei-Ling
論文名稱: 歌德敘事詩《魔王》相關藝術歌曲創作比較性研究-以賴夏德、車爾特、舒伯特、呂偉、貝多芬為例
A Comparative Study of Goethe's Ballad "Der Erlkönig" Related Lieder-Take Johann Friedrich Reichardt, Carl Friedrich Zelter, Franz Peter Schubert, Carl Loewe, and Ludwig van Beethoven as examples.
指導教授: 陳漢金
Chen, Han-Jin
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 音樂學系
Department of Music
論文出版年: 2018
畢業學年度: 106
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 388
中文關鍵詞: 魔王敘事詩敘事歌曲藝術歌曲歌德賴夏德車爾特呂偉舒伯特貝多芬
英文關鍵詞: Der Erlkönig, Wolfgang von Goethe, Johann Friedrich Reichardt, Carl Friedrich Zelter, Johann Karl Gottfried Loewe
DOI URL: http://doi.org/10.6345/THE.NTNU.DMU.039.2018.A10
論文種類: 學術論文
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  • 翻譯自赫爾德(Johann Gottfried Herder 1744-1803)《魔王的女兒》(Erlkönigs Tochter)之歌德(Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, 1749- 1832)敘事詩《魔王》(Der Erlkönig)於1781年出版問世後流傳甚遠,至今仍持續在文學與藝術領域出版各類詩作、作畫與樂曲,甚至被翻譯與改編。自18世紀開始至19世紀在音樂領域方面,先後多達35位作曲家以《魔王》創作各具特色的藝術歌曲,其中不乏被翻譯成其他國家語言。本研究挑選五位與原詩作者歌德同時代之敘事歌曲《魔王》作品;以賴夏德(Johann Friedrich Reichardt, 1752-1814)、車爾特(Carl Friedrich Zelter, 1758-1832)、舒伯特(Franz Peter Schubert, 1797-1828)、呂偉(Johann Karl Gottfried Loewe, 1796-1869)及貝多芬(Ludwig van Beethoven, 1770-1827)未完成的手稿為例。
    本研究先釐清德國敘事詩文學於17、18世紀崛起之因與發展過程為何,並對音樂上敘事歌曲之影響與關係,其後針對詩人歌德分析《魔王》詩作起源、形式與特色,了解同時代歌德與五位音樂家間的關係,及歌德對音樂的觀念與背景,分別從社會背景、作曲家與詩人關係影響下,瞭解五位作曲家對於詩歌內容、風格表現、創作與詮釋之異同,及形式架構與語言韻律、節奏如何影響音樂創作,抑或是給予音樂家更大的空間發揮餘地等做樂曲整合性比較。探究《魔王》為何能受眾多作曲家譜曲,而與歌德關係最不密切的舒伯特,為何能在眾多《魔王》歌曲中能一支獨秀的矗立在浩瀚音樂史中屹立不搖。

    Since its publication in 1781, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe’s Ballad "Der Erlkönig", which was translated from Erlkönigs Tochter written by Johann Gottfried Herder, has been widely spread. Various poetries, drawings, music, and even translated works as well as adaptations are still created and published to this day. From 18th century to 19th century, up to 35 composers created artistic works in the field of music based on Der Erlkönig. Among them, many works were translated into other languages as well.
    This study selects 5 works of Lieds whose writers were at the same era as Goethe; the works include the ones written by Johann Friedrich Reichardt (1752-1814), Carl Friedrich Zelter (1758-1832), Franz Peter Schubert(1797-1828), Johann Karl Gottfried Loewe (1796-1869), and Ludwig van Beethoven(1770-1827), whose work was an incomplete draft.From social background as well as the relationship between composers and poets respectively, the differences on poetries’ contents, representations, creations, and interpretations of the 5 composers are understood. How framework and linguistic prosody and cadence of the poetries either influence the creation of the music or give the musicians more room to perform is also analyzed for integrated comparison on the composition.
    Firstly, this study will clarify the cause of its rise and development process of the literature of German Ballad in 17th and 18th century. Also, from the influences and relationships of Lieds, the origin, form, and characteristics of the poet Goethe’s Der Erlkönig are analyzed, and the relationships between Goethe and the 5 musicians at the same era will be understood. Goethe’s concept and background on music will be used to discuss how Der Erlkönig could attract so many composers to make musical works for it as well. Last but not least, we’ll discover how Schubert, who didn’t have the closet relationship with Goethe, could stand out and create one that never falls among the various works of Der Erlkönig in the great history of music.

    謝辭 i 中文摘要 ii 英文摘要 iii 目次 v 表例目次 viii 圖例目次 xi 譜例目次 xii 緒 論 1 一、研究動機與目的 1 二、研究架構 3 三、名詞解釋 5 四、文獻探討 9 五、研究範圍與考量 10 第一章 德國敘事詩與敘事歌曲 12 第一節 德國敘事詩之歷史與形式 12 第二節 德國敘事歌曲之歷史與形式 28 第三節 歌德的敘事詩作品 42 第四節 歌德敘事詩《魔王》分析 55 第五節 根據歌德敘事詩《魔王》之歌曲創作 67 第二章 五位作曲家之創作經過 82 第一節 賴夏德 82 第二節 車爾特 99 第三節 呂偉 114 第四節 舒伯特 129 第五節 貝多芬 137 第三章《魔王》音樂結構與聲樂旋律分析 154 第一節 賴夏德 154 第二節 車爾特 165 第三節 呂偉 178 第四節 舒伯特 188 第五節 貝多芬 197 第四章 《魔王》鋼琴部分分析 213 第一節 賴夏德 213 第二節 車爾特 222 第三節 呂偉 237 第四節 舒伯特 256 第五節 貝多芬 277 第五章《魔王》文字與音樂關係上的比較 288 第一節 賴夏德 288 第二節 車爾特 296 第三節 呂偉 306 第四節 舒伯特 316 第五節 貝多芬 325 第六章 六首樂曲整合性比較 333 第一節 樂曲結構 333 第二節 節奏與速度 335 第三節 旋律與音域 337 第四節 調性與和聲 340 第五節 鋼琴部分 342 第六節 文字與音樂關係 345 結論 349 參考文獻 356 附錄一 以歌德《魔王》為創作之聲樂作品 365 附錄二 18至19世紀敘事詩代表詩人與作品 368 附錄三 赫爾德《魔王的女兒》詩文 369 附錄四 歌德《魔王》詩文 371 附錄五 歌德《魔王》詩文音步 373 附錄六 呂偉24首歌德藝術歌曲 375 附錄七 貝多芬《魔王》未完成手稿 377 附錄八 貝克版貝多芬《魔王》樂譜 381

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    Neglected Pedagogical Tool. Master's thesis, Hs, 1998.

    Sherman, Philip. Where Words Leave Off, Music Begins : A Comparison of How Henry Purcell and
    Franz Schubert Convey Text through Their Music in the Compositions Music for a While and.
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    West, Jane.Goethe's Faust and Nineteenth-Century Music: Essays and an Exhibition, Graduate School
    of Arts & Sciences, 2015.

    五、外文期刊

    Byrne, Lorraine. "A Musical Cornucopia: Thirty Years of Correspondence between Goethe and
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    Franke, Lars. "Johann Friedrich Reichardt, Schillers Lyrische Gedichte, Edited by Rainer Gstrein and Andreas
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    Heller, Marguerite. "Goethe and Music." The German Quarterly22, no. 4 (1949): 205.
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    Kravitt, Edward F. "The Ballad as Conceived by Germanic Composers of the Late Romantic
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    Vom Hofe, Gerhard. 2002. "Goethes Gedanke einer "Art Symbolik fürs Ohr" und seine Begründung
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    Ohr. 19-41.
    Temperley, Nicholas, and James Parakilas. "Ballads without Words: Chopin and the Tradition of the
    Instrumental Ballade." Notes50, no. 3 (1994): 964. doi:10.2307/898559.

    Kamenetsky, Christa. "The German Folklore Revival in the Eighteenth Century: Herders Theory of
    Naturpoesie." The Journal of Popular Culture6, no. 4 (1973): 836-48.
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    Parekh, B. "Rethinking Multiculturalism: Cultural Diversity and Political Theory." Ethnicities1, no. 1
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    Pulvbe, Jeffrey. "Beethoven In The Goethe-Zelter Correspondence." Music and LettersXVII, no. 2 (1936):
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    Rogers, N. "Hearing an Old Story in a New Way: An Analysis of Loewe's Erlkönig. " Intégral, 30(2016): 31-40.

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    Gibbs, Christopher H. ""Komm, Geh Mit Mir": Schuberts Uncanny "Erlkönig"." 19th-Century
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    鴇田, 信男. シューベルト《魔王》を読む ―詩の強音による朗唱パターンをめぐって―.
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    六、網路資料
    HANS-GÜNTER OTTENBERG/HARTMUT GRIMM, Art. Reichardt, Johann Friedrich, in: MGG Online,
    hrsg. von Laurenz Lütteken, Kassel, Stuttgart, New York: 2016ff., zuerst veröffentlicht 2005, online
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    Istel, Edgar, and Theodore Baker. "Goethe and Music." The Musical Quarterly 14, no. 2 (1928): 216-54.
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    "Hubert Wißkirchen 16.02.2010 Materialien zum Zentralabitur ...," 6, accessed March 3, 2018,
    http://www.bing.com/cr?IG=15914547624F4668BD8519089EAB0FDF&CID=32FF82E8C27A66593C87894FC3D56726&rd=1&h=Sik9daoWBgrARc8_icQY5Tpi-XWozi5IH8zcWZGW1wM&v=1&r=http%3a%2f%2fwww.wisskirchen-online.de%2fdownloads%2fzentralabitur12a.pdf&p=DevEx,5064.1.

    Reichardt, Johann Friedrich, Goethe, Johann Wolfgang, "Göthe's Lyrische Gedichte / Mit Musik von Johann
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    West, Ewan. "Loewe, (Johann) Carl." Grove Music Online. 16 Feb. 2018.
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    七、樂譜
    "Erlkönig, WoO 131 (Beethoven, Ludwig Van)," Erlkönig, WoO 131 (Beethoven, Ludwig Van) –
    IMSLP/Petrucci Music Library: Free Public Domain Sheet Music, , accessed April 22, 2018,
    http://imslp.org/wiki/Erlkönig,_WoO_131_(Beethoven,_Ludwig_van).

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