電磁波的傳遞其相對振幅及頻率一般受施測介質之介電常數及導電率影響。在地層中，反射信號之相對振幅及頻率會隨不同介質的材質、孔隙率及含水量等因素而呈現一非穩態之信號描線。一般的一維的IIR或FIR及二維的F-K濾波器濾波較無法表現出信號在時間域上的瞬時變化，或需經較複雜的手續而易產生資料處理上的失誤。

小波分析（wavelet analysis）為利用一特定波形的母小波於時間域上進行多尺度的分析，在時間域及頻率域中都具有表現信號局部特徵的能力。而一可分析信號能夠以希伯特轉換（Hilbert transform）表示成一隨時間變化的複數函數。實部為原始信號，虛部為經希伯特轉換後之信號，兩者間僅作一90∘的相位轉移，其振幅及頻率不變。故利用希伯特轉換可以表現出時間序列的瞬時特性，可作為對地下異常物與層面位置之判斷依據。

本研究就師大分部實驗區之模型與管線、花蓮瑞穗、台中古根漢博物館預定地、台中公園之測勘資料，使用Matlab合併處理小波分析及希伯特轉換。在決定基本小波、濾波層數等參數後，只需將雷達信號資料輸入後即可處理不同測線資料並直接輸出信號影像，可達到減少信號處理步驟的目的。而比較現場開挖剖面等資料後發現，使用小波分析處理後可以有效濾除雜訊，提高信噪比（S/N ratio），並減少人為操作上產生的濾波失誤。希伯特振幅譜對於異常信號有增強反射能量的效果，具有減少信號的位移現象，增加其與四周地層之間的對比。而若使用等值圖的方式呈現時，信號看起來更為集中，可依此大略判斷異常信號大小範圍，對於地下異常物比對上具有更好的參考性。希伯特相位譜與地層比對後具有一定的辨識作用，但受相位譜會將微弱信號放大的影響，於地層判斷上仍具一定的困難。

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