研究生: |
許睿軒 Hseu, Ruey-Shiuan |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
企業運動指導員主動性人格、生涯適應、工作倦怠與職業幸福感之研究 Proactive Personality, Career Adaptability, Burnout, and Employee Well-being of Enterprise Sport Instructors |
指導教授: |
陳美燕
Chen, Mei-Yen |
口試委員: |
陳伯儀
Chen, Bo-I 楊世傑 Yang, Shih-Jie 陳美燕 Chen, Mei-Yen |
口試日期: | 2022/06/11 |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
運動休閒與餐旅管理研究所 Graduate Institute of Sport, Leisure and Hospitality Management |
論文出版年: | 2022 |
畢業學年度: | 110 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 74 |
中文關鍵詞: | 組織行為 、員工福利 、人力資源管理 |
英文關鍵詞: | organizational behavior, employee benefits, human resource management |
研究方法: | 調查研究 |
DOI URL: | http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202201433 |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:152 下載:23 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
教育部體育署自2018年起推動企業聘用體育運動專業人員擔任運動指導員政策,以推展職工運動及促進體育運動相關背景專業人員就業,希望能藉此建立企業體適能概念及運動樂趣,培養及建立職業勞工長期運動習慣,透過運動幫助提升工作效率,因此,企業運動指導員之生涯發展因受到企業重視,以利於企業獲取最大的效益。自政策開始至今已累積400名以上企業運動指導員獲得聘用。本研究目的在於討論企業運動指導員之主動性人格、生涯適應、工作倦怠與職業幸福感。本研究於教育部體育署之運動指導員資料庫發放問卷並回收有效問卷127份,研究工具包括主動性人格量表、生涯適應量表、工作倦怠量表、職業幸福感量表與個人基本資料問卷,並以描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關分析和一般多元迴歸分析進行資料處理與分析。研究結果發現,不同年資及身分別之企業運動指導員,其主動性人格具有顯著差異,其中不同年資之企業運動指導員在工作幸福也具有顯著差異。企業運動指導員之主動性人格、生涯適應與職業幸福感具有顯著的正向關係,而工作倦怠與職業幸福感具有顯著的負向關係。主動性人格、生涯適應之信心對於職業幸福感具有顯著的正向解釋力,工作倦怠則對職業幸福感具有顯著負向解釋力。因此本研究建議,企業在輔導運動指導員時,因以提升主動積極度、信心為核心發展增能培訓課程,並持續追蹤企業運動指導員工作倦怠之情形,以提升其職業幸福感,為企業創造長期效益。
In view of the policy of the Sports Administration, Ministry of Education to encourage enterprises to employ sports professionals as sports instructors since 2018, hoping to establish the concept of corporate fitness, cultivating and establishing long-term exercise habits of professional workers, and improve work efficiency through exercise. Therefore, the career development of enterprise sports instructors should be valued by enterprises in order maximum their benefits. The main purpose of the study is to discuss proactive personality, career adaptability, burnout and employee well-being of enterprise sports instructors. The questionnaires are distributed in the sports instructor database of the Sports Administration, Ministry of Education, the effective return of questionnaires was 127. The research tools include the proactive personality scale, career adaptation scale, burnout scale, employee well-being scale and characteristics of enterprise sport instructors. This study uses descriptive statistics, independent sample t test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson product-difference correlation analysis and general multiple regression analysis were used for data processing and analysis. The proactive personality, career adaptation and employee well-being of enterprise sports instructors have a significant positive relationship, while burnout has a significant negative relationship with employee well-being. Proactive personality, career adaptation and burnout have significant prediction to employee well-being. Therefore, this study suggests that when training sports instructors, companies should develop empowerment training courses with the core of improving their initiative and confidence, and continue to track the burnout of enterprise sports instructors, so as to improve their employee well-being and create long-term benefits for the company.
中華民國全國中小企業總會 (2020)。「109年度推動企業聘用運動指導員委辦案」期中報告書。教育部體育署委託之期中成果報告 (案號:108-02-070),未出版。
吳淑芬、許嘉玲、呂麗貞、李來涼 (2013)。職場健康促進改善員工健康成效。源遠護理,7(2),39-52。
周千琪、陳宏欣、鍾國謀、吳坤陵 (2019)。以跨理論模式探討職場代謝症候群員工實施規律運動介入之分析-以南部某醫院為例。秀傳醫學雜誌,18(2),96-106。
俞錫堅 (2008)。休閒運動參與對紓解職場工作壓力之探討。輔仁大學體育學刊,(7),278-284。
徐志輝、李素箱、林家彣 (2013)。企業辦理運動會對員工組織承諾與工作績效關聯性之探討-以 S 公司員工運動會為例。運動與遊憩研究,7(3),16-32。
教育部體育署 (2016,11月17日) 。「運動指導員」三年計畫 政府帶頭做 優先輔導退役選手 兼顧職工運動休閒。教育部體育署新聞稿。取自https://www.sa.gov.tw/News/NewsDetail?Type=3&page=97&id=1355&n=92
教育部體育署 (2019,6月6日) 。運動好人才 企業動起來 企業聘用運動人才 享有補助再拿好康。教育部體育署新聞稿。取自https://www.sa.gov.tw/News/NewsDetail?Type=3&id=2385&n=92
教育部體育署 (2021,11月16日) 。體育署表揚企業聘用運動人才 推動職工運動不停歇。教育部體育署新聞稿。取自 https://www.sa.gov.tw/News/NewsDetail?Type=3&id=3499&n=92
連靜雯、王佩琮、陳亭妤、喻絹惠、林小玲 (2012)。職場登階運動對護理人員睡眠, 疲倦/活力度與健康促進生活型態之研究。榮總護理,29(4),415-425。
陳素玲 (2021,11月4日) 九成四上班族都有職業倦怠症 前三大主要原因出爐。聯合新聞網。取自https://udn.com/news/story/7238/5865645
彭淑美(2003)。十三週塑身計畫對職場女性體適能與生化指標之影響。大專體育學刊,5(1),269-278。
黃健富、林貴福 (2010)。職場健康生活形態面向之分析。輔仁大學體育學刊,(9),274-284。
詹俊成、陳素青 (2013) 。落實運動員生涯輔導策略之探討。中華體育季刊,27(1),31-37。
盧淑雲 (2006)。身體活動介入對科技職場員工健康促進效果之研究。運動生理暨體能學報,(5),103-115。
謝嫚妮、姜義村 (2011)。職場推動健走計劃之成效探討。長榮運動休閒學刊,(5),38-46。
Abarghouei, M. R., Sorbi, M. H., Abarghouei, M., Bidaki, R., & Yazdanpoor, S. (2016). A study of job stress and burnout and related factors in the hospital personnel of Iran. Electronic Physician, 8(7), 2625-2632.
Adekola, B. (2010). Gender differences in the experience of work burnout among university staff. African Journal of Business Management, 4(6), 886-889.
Adil, M. S., & Baig, M. (2018). Impact of job demands-resources model on burnout and employee's well-being: Evidence from the pharmaceutical organisations of Karachi. IIMB Management Review, 30(2), 119-133.
Alarcon, G., Eschleman, K. J., & Bowling, N. A. (2009). Relationships between personality variables and burnout: A meta-analysis. Work & Stress, 23(3), 244-263.
Bakker, A. B., Tims, M., & Derks, D. (2012). Proactive personality and job performance: The role of job crafting and work engagement. Human Relations, 65(10), 1359-1378.
Bandura, A., Freeman, W. H., & Lightsey, R. (1999). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 13(2), 158-166.
Barthauer, L., Kaucher, P., Spurk, D., & Kauffeld, S. (2020). Burnout and career (un) sustainability: Looking into the Blackbox of burnout triggered career turnover intentions. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 117, 103334.
Bateman, T. S., & Crant, J. M. (1993). The proactive component of organizational behavior: A measure and correlates. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 14(2), 103-118.
Becherer, R. C., & Maurer, J. G. (1999). The proactive personality disposition and entrepreneurial behavior among small company presidents. Journal of small business management, 37(1), 28-36.
Biemann, T., Zacher, H., & Feldman, D. C. (2012). Career patterns: A twenty-year panel study. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 81(2), 159-170.
Bindl, U. K., & Parker, S. K. (2011). Proactive work behavior: Forward-thinking and change-oriented action in organizations. In S. Zedeck (Ed.), APA handbook of industrial and organizational psychology, Vol 2: Selecting and developing members for the organization. (pp. 567-598). Washinton. DC: American Psychological Association.
Brown, S. D., & Lent, R. W. (2016). Vocational psychology: Agency, equity, and well-being. Annual Review of Psychology, 67, 541-565.
Buss, D. M. (1987). Selection, evocation, and manipulation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53(6), 1214-1221.
Buyukgoze‐Kavas, A. (2016). Predicting career adaptability from positive psychological traits. The Career Development Quarterly, 64(2), 114-125.
Buyukgoze-Kavas, A., Duffy, R. D., & Douglass, R. P. (2015). Exploring links between career adaptability, work volition, and well-being among Turkish students. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 90, 122-131.
Caesens, G., & Stinglhamber, F. (2019). The relationship between organizational dehumanization and outcomes: The mediating role of emotional exhaustion. Journal of 0ccupational and Environmental Medicine, 61(9), 699-703.
Cai, D., Liu, S., Liu, J., Yao, L., & Jia, X. (2021). Mentoring and newcomer well-being: a socialization resources perspective. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 36(3), 285-298.
Cai, Z., Guan, Y., Li, H., Shi, W., Guo, K., Liu, Y., ... & Hua, H. (2015). Self-esteem and proactive personality as predictors of future work self and career adaptability: An examination of mediating and moderating processes. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 86, 86-94.
Chan, D. (2006). Interactive effects of situational judgment effectiveness and proactive personality on work perceptions and work outcomes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(2), 475-481.
Chen, L. H., Chen, M.-Y., Kee., Y. M., & Tsai, Y. M. (2009). Validation of the Gratitude Questionnaire (GQ) in Taiwanese undergraduate students. Journal of Happiness Studies, 10(6), 655-664.
Chen, L., Hannon, P. A., Laing, S. S., Kohn, M. J., Clark, K., Pritchard, S., & Harris, J. R. (2015). Perceived workplace health support is associated with employee productivity. American Journal of Health Promotion, 29(3), 139-146.
Claes, R., Beheydt, C., & Lemmens, B. (2005). Unidimensionality of abbreviated proactive personality scales across cultures. Applied Psychology, 54(4), 476-489.
Coetzee, M., & Stoltz, E. (2015). Employees' satisfaction with retention factors: Exploring the role of career adaptability. Journal of Vocational Behavior 89, 83-91.
Collin, V., Toon, M., O’Selmo, E., Reynolds, L., & Whitehead, P. (2019). A survey of stress, burnout and well-being in UK dentists. British Dental Journal, 226(1), 40-49.
Cooper-Thomas, H. D., Paterson, N. L., Stadler, M. J., & Saks, A. M. (2014). The relative importance of proactive behaviors and outcomes for predicting newcomer learning, well-being, and work engagement. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 84(3), 318-331.
Cotton, P., & Hart, P. M. (2003). Occupational wellbeing and performance: A review of organisational health research. Australian Psychologist, 38(2), 118-127.
Crant, J. M. (1995). The proactive personality scale and objective job performance among real estate agents. Journal of Applied Psychology, 80(4), 532-537.
Crant, J. M. (2000). Proactive behavior in organizations. Journal of Management, 26(3), 435-462.
Cropanzano, R., Rupp, D. E., & Byrne, Z. S. (2003). The relationship of emotional exhaustion to work attitudes, job performance and organizational citizenship behaviors. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 160-169.
de Guzman, A. B., & Choi, K. O. (2013). The relations of employability skills to career adaptability among technical school students. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 82(3), 199-207.
de Oliveira, M. Z., Sanchez, G. M., da Silva, A. A., & Mambrini, N. S. B. (2019). Predictor variables for burnout among nursing professionals. Revista de Psicología, 37(1), 319-348.
Daniels, K. (2000). Measures of five aspects of affective well-being at work. Human Relations, 53(2), 275-294.
Diener, E., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2002). Very happy people. Psychological Science, 13(1), 81-84.
Diener, E., Larsen, R. J., & Emmons, R. A. (1984). Person× Situation interactions: Choice of situations and congruence response models. Journal of Personality and social psychology, 47(3), 580-592.
Diener, E., Suh, E. M., Lucas, R. E., & Smith, H. E. (1999). Subjective well-being: Three decades of progress. Psychological Bulletin, 125(2), 276-302.
Doganülkü, H. A., & Kirdök, O. (2021). The Moderating Role of Career Decision Regret in the Effect of Career Adaptability on Burnout. International Journal of Progressive Education, 17(2), 319-330.
Dries, N., van Esbroeck, R., van Vianen, A. E., De Cooman, R., & Pepermans, R. (2012). Career adapt-abilities scale-Belgium form: Psychometric characteristics and construct validity. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(3), 674-679.
Erdogan, B., & Bauer, T. N. (2005). Enhancing career benefits of employee proactive personality: The role of fit with jobs and organizations. Personnel Psychology, 58(4), 859-891.
Fedorov, A., Ilaltdinova, E., & Frolova, S. (2020). Teachers' professional well-being: State and factors. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(5), 1698-1710.
Fiori, M., Bollmann, G., & Rossier, J. (2015). Exploring the path through which career adaptability increases job satisfaction and lowers job stress: The role of affect. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 91, 113-121.
Freudenberger, H. J. (1974). Staff burn‐out. Journal of Social Issues, 30(1), 159-165.
Freudenberger, H. J., & Richelson, G. (1981). Burn-out: The high cost of high achievement. Garden City, NY: Anchor Press.
Fuller Jr, B., & Marler, L. E. (2009). Change driven by nature: A meta-analytic review of the proactive personality literature. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 75(3), 329-345.
Garman, A. N., Corrigan, P. W., & Morris, S. (2002). Staff burnout and patient satisfaction: Evidence of relationships at the care unit level. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 7, 235-241.
Ginevra, M. C., Pallini, S., Vecchio, G. M., Nota, L., & Soresi, S. (2016). Future orientation and attitudes mediate career adaptability and decidedness. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 95, 102-110.
Grawitch, M. J., Gottschalk, M., & Munz, D. C. (2006). The path to a healthy workplace: A critical review linking healthy workplace practices, employee well-being, and organizational improvements. Consulting Psychology Journal, 58(3), 129-147.
Griffin, M. A., Parker, S. K., & Mason, C. M. (2010). Leader vision and the development of adaptive and proactive performance: a longitudinal study. Journal of Applied Psychology, 95(1), 174-182.
Guan, Y., Zhou, W., Ye, L., Jiang, P., & Zhou, Y. (2015). Perceived organizational career management and career adaptability as predictors of success and turnover intention among Chinese employees. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 88, 230-237.
Guest, D. E. (2017). Human resource management and employee well‐being: Towards a new analytic framework. Human Resource Management Journal, 27(1), 22-38.
Halbesleben, J. R., & Bowler, W. M. (2007). Emotional exhaustion and job performance: the mediating role of motivation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(1), 93-106.
Hamann, D. L. (1990). Burnout: How to spot it, how to avoid it. Music Educators Journal, 77(2), 30-33.
Hamann, D. L., Daugherty, E., & Mills, C. R. (1987). An investigation of burnout assessment and potential job related variables among public school music educators. Psychology of Music, 15(2), 128-140.
Hao, T. M., Chen, Y. W., & Yang, S. (2019, October). Relationship Between Proactive Personality and Employee Well-Being: Mediating Effect of Psychological Capital. Paper presented at the 2019 IEEE International Symposium on Innovation and Entrepreneurship. Hangzhou, China. Abstract retrieved from https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9074435/
Harter, J., Schmidt, F., & Hayes, T. (2002). Business-unit level relationship between employee satisfaction, employee engagement, and business outcomes: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(2), 268-279.
Hartung, P. J., Porfeli, E. J., & Vondracek, F. W. (2008). Career adaptability in childhood. The Career Development Quarterly, 57(1), 63-74.
Harvey, S., Blouin, C., & Stout, D. (2006). Proactive personality as a moderator of outcomes for young workers experiencing conflict at work. Personality and Individual differences, 40(5), 1063-1074.
Hirschi, A., Herrmann, A., & Keller, A. C. (2015). Career adaptivity, adaptability, and adapting: A conceptual and empirical investigation. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 87, 1-10.
Hou, C., Wu, L., & Liu, Z. (2014). Effect of proactive personality and decision-making self-efficacy on career adaptability among Chinese graduates. Social Behavior and Personality: an International Journal, 42(6), 903-912.
Huang, S., Yan, X., Zhang, J., Zhang, X., Miao, D., & Wu, S. (2020). Does meaning in life mediate the relationship between proactive personality and well-being?. Social Behavior and Personality: an International Journal, 48(12), 1-9.
Ilies, R., Schwind, K. M., & Heller, D. (2007). Employee well-being: A multilevel model linking work and nonwork domains. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 16(3), 326-341.
Jawahar, I. M., Kisamore, J. L., Stone, T. H., & Rahn, D. L. (2012). Differential effect of inter-role conflict on proactive individual’s experience of burnout. Journal of Business and Psychology, 27(2), 243-254.
Juniper, B. A., Bellamy, P., & White, N. (2011). Testing the performance of a new approach to measuring employee well-being. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 25(4), 344-357.
Kidd, J. M. (2008). Exploring the components of career well-being and the emotions associated with significant career experiences. Journal of Career Development, 35(2), 166-186.
Kirkman, B. L., & Rosen, B. (1999). Beyond self-management: Antecedents and consequences of team empowerment. Academy of Management Journal, 42(1), 58-74.
Klehe, U. C., Zikic, J., van Vianen, A. E., Koen, J., & Buyken, M. (2012). Coping proactively with economic stress: Career adaptability in the face of job insecurity, job loss, unemployment, and underemployment. In P. L. Perrewé, J. R. Halbesleben, & C. C. Rosen (Eds.), The role of the economic crisis on occupational stress and well being. (pp. 131-176). Bingley, UK: Emerald Group Publishing.
Koen, J., Klehe, U. C., van Vianen, A. E., Zikic, J., & Nauta, A. (2010). Job-search strategies and reemployment quality: The impact of career adaptability. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 77(1), 126-139.
Koutsimani, P., Montgomery, A., & Georganta, K. (2019). The relationship between burnout, depression, and anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 284.
Lee, R. T., & Ashforth, B. E. (1996). A meta-analytic examination of the correlates of the three dimensions of job burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81, 123-133.
Leiter, M. P., & Maslach, C. (1988). The impact of interpersonal environment on burnout and organizational commitment. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 9, 297-308.
Li, Y., Guan, Y., Wang, F., Zhou, X., Guo, K., Jiang, P., ... & Fang, Z. (2015). Big-five personality and BIS/BAS traits as predictors of career exploration: The mediation role of career adaptability. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 89, 39-45.
Lin, S.-H., Lu, W, C., Chen, M.-Y., & Chen, L. H. (2014). Association between proactive personality and academic self-efficacy. Current Psychology, 33(4), 600-609.
Lu, L., Gilmour, R., Kao, S. F., & Huang, M. T. (2006). A cross-cultural study of work/family demands, work/family conflict and well-being: The Taiwanese vs British. Career Development International, 11(1), 9-27.
Maggiori, C., Johnston, C. S., Krings, F., Massoudi, K., & Rossier, J. (2013). The role of career adaptability and work conditions on general and professional well-being. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 83(3), 437-449.
Maggiori, C., Rossier, J., & Savickas, M. L. (2015). Career adapt-abilities scale-short form (CAAS-SF) construction and validation. Journal of Career Assessment, 25(2), 312-325.
Maslach, C. (1982). Job Stress and Burnout: Research, Theory, and Intervention Perspectives. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Maslach, C. (2003). Burnout: The cost of caring. Cambridge, MA: Malor Books.
Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. E. (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 2(2), 99-113.
Maslach, C., & Leiter, M. P. (2008). The truth about burnout: How organizations cause personal stress and what to do about it. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Maslach, C., Jackson, S. E., & Leiter, M. P. (1997). Maslach burnout inventory. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Education.
Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2001). Job burnout. Annual Review of Psychology, 52(1), 397-422.
Moon, T. W., & Hur, W. M. (2011). Emotional intelligence, emotional exhaustion, and job performance. Social Behavior and Personality: an International Journal, 39(8), 1087-1096.
Morrison, R. F., & Hall, D. T. (2002). Career adaptability. In D. T. Hall (Ed.), Careers in and out of organizations (pp. 205-233). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Mulchandani, R., Chandrasekaran, A. M., Shivashankar, R., Kondal, D., Agrawal, A., Panniyammakal, J., ... & Goenka, S. (2019). Effect of workplace physical activity interventions on the cardio-metabolic health of working adults: Systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 16(1), 1-16.
Myrvang, N. A. (2020). The Relationship between Employee Well-Being, Burnout and Perceived Organizational Support in Healthcare Professionals. Journal of International Health Sciences and Management, 6(12), 34-39.
Nilforooshan, P., & Salimi, S. (2016). Career adaptability as a mediator between personality and career engagement. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 94, 1-10.
Öncel, L. (2014). Career adapt-abilities scale: Convergent validity of subscale scores. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 85(1), 13-17.
Ozkurt, B., & Alpay, C. B. (2018). Investigation of Proactive Personality Characteristics of the Students of High School of Physical Education and Sports through Various Variables. Asian Journal of Education and Training, 4(2), 150-155.
Page, K. M., & Vella-Brodrick, D. A. (2009). The ‘what’,‘why’and ‘how’of employee well-being: A new model. Social Indicators Research, 90(3), 441-458.
Parker, S. K. (1998). Enhancing role breadth self-efficacy: the roles of job enrichment and other organizational interventions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 83(6), 835-852.
Parker, S. K., & Collins, C. G. (2010). Taking stock: Integrating and differentiating multiple proactive behaviors. Journal of Management, 36(3), 633-662.
Parker, S. K., & Sprigg, C. A. (1999). Minimizing strain and maximizing learning: the role of job demands, job control, and proactive personality. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84(6), 925-939.
Parker, S. K., Bindl, U. K., & Strauss, K. (2010). Making things happen: A model of proactive motivation. Journal of Management, 36(4), 827-856.
Parker, S. K., Williams, H. M., & Turner, N. (2006). Modeling the antecedents of proactive behavior at work. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(3), 636-652.
Porath, C., Spreitzer, G., Gibson, C., & Garnett, F. G. (2012). Thriving at work: Toward its measurement, construct validation, and theoretical refinement. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 33(2), 250-275.
Pouyaud, J., Vignoli, E., Dosnon, O., & Lallemand, N. (2012). Career adapt-abilities scale-France form: Psychometric properties and relationships to anxiety and motivation. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(3), 692-697.
Pradhan, R. K., & Hati, L. (2022). The measurement of employee well-being: development and validation of a scale. Global Business Review, 23(2), 385-407.
Pradhan, R. K., Dash, S., & Jena, L. K. (2017). Do HR practices influence job satisfaction? Examining the mediating role of employee engagement in Indian public sector undertakings. Global Business Review, 20(1), 1-14.
Pronk, N. P., & Kottke, T. E. (2009). Physical activity promotion as a strategic corporate priority to improve worker health and business performance. Preventive Medicine, 49(4), 316-321.
Puig-Ribera, A., Martínez-Lemos, I., Giné-Garriga, M., González-Suárez, Á. M., Bort-Roig, J., Fortuño, J., ... & Gilson, N. D. (2015). Self-reported sitting time and physical activity: interactive associations with mental well-being and productivity in office employees. BMC Public Health, 15(1), 1-10.
Radhi, J. M., & AL-Khalidi, S. R. (2021) A. Career Adaptability and Its Role in Achieving Employee's Well-being Analytical study of the views of a sample of private colleges professors in Babil Governorate. Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Administrative and Economic, 23(2), 34-40.
Ramos, K., & Lopez, F. G. (2018). Attachment security and career adaptability as predictors of subjective well-being among career transitioners. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 104, 72-85.
Rank, J., Carsten, J. M., Unger, J. M., & Spector, P. E. (2007). Proactive customer service performance: Relationships with individual, task, and leadership variables. Human Performance, 20(4), 363-390.
Rehman, A. U., Bhuttah, T. M., & You, X. (2020). Linking burnout to psychological well-being: the mediating role of social support and learning motivation. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 13, 545.
Rossier, J., Zecca, G., Stauffer, S. D., Maggiori, C., & Dauwalder, J. P. (2012). Career Adapt-Abilities Scale in a French-speaking Swiss sample: Psychometric properties and relationships to personality and work engagement. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(3), 734-743.
Rudolph, C. W., Lavigne, K. N., & Zacher, H. (2017). Career adaptability: A meta-analysis of relationships with measures of adaptivity, adapting responses, and adaptation results. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 98, 17-34.
Sahin, I., & Kirdök, O. (2018). Investigation of Relationship between High School Students' Career Adaptability, Subjective Well-Being and Perceived Social Support. International Education Studies, 11(8), 127-135.
Salanova, M., Llorens, S., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2011). Yes I Can, I Feel Good, and I Just Do It! On Gain Cycles and Spirals of Efficacy Beliefs, Affect and Engagement. Applied Psychology, 60(2), 255-285.
Savickas, M. L. (1997). Career adaptability: An integrative construct for life-span, life-space theory. The Career Development Quarterly, 45, 247-259.
Savickas, M. L. (2005). The theory and practice of career construction. In S. D. Brown & R. W. Lent (Eds.), Career development and counseling: Putting theory and research to work (pp. 42-70). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Savickas, M. L., & Porfeli, E. J. (2012). Career Adapt-Abilities Scale: Construction, reliability, and measurement equivalence across 13 countries. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(3), 661-673.
Savickas, M. L., Nota, L., Rossier, J., Dauwalder, J. P., Duarte, M. E., Guichard, J., ... & van Vianen, A. E. (2009). Life designing: A paradigm for career construction in the 21st century. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 75(3), 239-250.
Schaufeli, W. (2021). The burnout enigma solved?. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health, 47(3), 169-170.
Schaufeli, W. B., Leiter, M. P., & Maslach, C. (2010). Burnout: 35 years of research and practice. IEEE Engineering Management Review, 38(4), 4-18.
Seibert, S. E., & Kraimer, M. L. (2001). The five-factor model of personality and career success. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 58(1), 1-21.
Seibert, S. E., Crant, J. M., & Kraimer, M. L. (1999). Proactive personality and career success. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84(3), 416-427.
Seidler, A., Thinschmidt, M., Deckert, S., Then, F., Hegewald, J., Nieuwenhuijsen, K., & Riedel-Heller, S. G. (2014). The role of psychosocial working conditions on burnout and its core component emotional exhaustion–a systematic review. Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology, 9(1), 1-13.
Sibunruang, H., Garcia, P. R. J. M., & Tolentino, L. R. (2016). Ingratiation as an adapting strategy: Its relationship with career adaptability, career sponsorship, and promotability. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 92, 135-144.
Siegrist, J., Wahrendorf, M., Knesebeck, O., Jürges, H., & Börsch-Supan, A. (2006). Quality of work, well-being, and intended early retirement of older employees: Baseline results from the SHARE Study. European Journal of Public Health, 17(1), 62-68.
Simonsen, P. (1997). Promoting a development culture in your organization. Palo Alto, CA: DaviesBlack.
Singhal, H., & Sud, B. (2018). Impact of gender on the relationship between job satisfaction and psychological well-being of Indian employees. Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing, 9(4), 519-523.
Sivapragasam, P., Raya, R. P. (2017). HRM and employee engagement link: Mediating role of employee well-being. Global Business Review, 19(1), 1-15.
Soresi, S., Nota, L., & Ferrari, L. (2012). Career Adapt-Abilities Scale-Italian Form: Psychometric properties and relationships to breadth of interests, quality of life, and perceived barriers. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(3), 705-711.
Spector, P. E. (1997). Job satisfaction: Application, assessment, causes and consequences. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.
Spreitzer, G., Sutcliffe, K., Dutton, J., Sonenshein, S., & Grant, A. M. (2005). A socially embedded model of thriving at work. Organization Science, 16(5), 537-549.
Sullivan, S. E. (1999). The changing nature of careers: A review and research agenda. Journal of Management, 25(3), 457-484.
Sullivan, S. E., & Arthur, M. B. (2006). The evolution of the boundaryless career concept: Examining physical and psychological mobility. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 69(1), 19-29.
Super, D. E., & Knasel, E. G. (1981). Career development in adulthood: Some theoretical problems and a possible solution. British Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 9(2), 194-201.
Sutton, A. (2020). Living the good life: A meta-analysis of authenticity, well-being and engagement. Personality and Individual Differences, 153, 109645.
Swanson, R. A. (2001). Human resource development and its underlying theory. Human Resource Development International, 4(3), 299-312.
Taber, B. J., & Blankemeyer, M. (2015). Future work self and career adaptability in the prediction of proactive career behaviors. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 86, 20-27.
Teixeira, M. A. P., Bardagi, M. P., Lassance, M. C. P., de Oliveira Magalhães, M., & Duarte, M. E. (2012). Career adapt-abilities scale—Brazilian form: psychometric properties and relationships to personality. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(3), 680-685.
Thompson, J. A. (2005). Proactive personality and job performance: a social capital perspective. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(5), 1011-1017.
Tian, Y., & Fan, X. (2014). Adversity quotients, environmental variables and career adaptability in student nurses. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 85(3), 251-257.
Tolentino, L. R., Garcia, P. R. J. M., Lu, V. N., Restubog, S. L. D., Bordia, P., & Plewa, C. (2014). Career adaptation: The relation of adaptability to goal orientation, proactive personality, and career optimism. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 84(1), 39-48.
Tolentino, L. R., Garcia, P. R. J. M., Restubog, S. L. D., Bordia, P., & Tang, R. L. (2013). Validation of the Career Adapt-Abilities Scale and an examination of a model of career adaptation in the Philippine context. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 83(3), 410-418.
Tornau, K., & Frese, M. (2013). Construct clean‐up in proactivity research: A meta‐analysis on the nomological net of work‐related proactivity concepts and their incremental validities. Applied Psychology, 62(1), 44-96.
Vanhala, S., & Tuomi, K. (2006). HRM, company performance and employee well-being. International Review of Management Studies, 17(3), 241-255.
Warr, P. (1999). Well-being and the workplace. In D. Kahneman, E. Diener, N. Schwarz (Eds.), Well-being: The foundations of hedonic psychology (pp. 392–412). New York, NY: Russell SAGE Foundation.
Welp, A., Meier, L. L., & Manser, T. (2015). Emotional exhaustion and workload predict clinician-rated and objective patient safety. Frontiers in Psychology, 5, 1573.
Wen, Y., Liu, F., Pang, L., & Chen, H. (2022). Proactive Personality and Career Adaptability of Chinese Female Pre-Service Teachers in Primary Schools: The Role of Calling. Sustainability, 14(7), 4188.
World Health Organization. (2013). Mental health: A state of wellbeing. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/features/factfiles/mental_health/en/
Wright, T. A. (2006). To be or not to be [happy]: The role of employee well-being. The Academy of Management Perspective, 20(3), 118-125.
Wright, T. A., & Bonett, D. G. (2007). Job satisfaction and psychological well-being as nonadditive predictors of workplace turnover. Journal of Management, 33(2), 141-160.
Wright, T. A., & Cropanzano, R. (2004). The role of psychological well-being in job performance:: a fresh look at an age-old quest. Organizational Dynamics, 33(4), 338-351.
Wright, T. A., & Cropanzano, R. (2007). The happy/productive worker. In Marocchio, J. (Ed.), Research in Personnel and Human Resource Management, 26, 269-313.
Wright, T. A., Cropanzano, R., & Bonett, D. G. (2007). The moderating effects of employee positive well being in the relation between job satisfaction and job performance. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 12(2), 93-104.
Yang, X., Feng, Y., Meng, Y., & Qiu, Y. (2019). Career adaptability, work engagement, and employee well-being among Chinese employees: The role of guanxi. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 1029.
Zacher, H. (2014). Career adaptability predicts subjective career success above and beyond personality traits and core self-evaluations. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 84(1), 21-30.
Zhang, Z., Wang, M. O., & Shi, J. (2012). Leader-follower congruence in proactive personality and work outcomes: The mediating role of leader-member exchange. Academy of Management Journal, 55(1), 111-130.
Zheng, X., Zhu Tubre, T. C., & Collins, J. M. (2000). Jackson and Schuler (1985) revisited: A meta-analysis of the relationships between role ambiguity, role conflict and job performance. Journal of Management, 26, 155-169.
Zheng, X., Zhu, W., Zhao, H., & Zhang, C. (2015). Employee well‐being in organizations: Theoretical model, scale development, and cross‐cultural validation. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 36(5), 621-644.