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研究生: 黃靜美
Huang, Ching-mei
論文名稱: 高中男子跆拳道選手急速減重及恢復期高醣攝取之影響
Effects of High Carbohydrate Intake Following Rapid Weight Loss of High School Male Taekwondo Players
指導教授: 林正常
Lin, Jung-Charng
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 體育學系
Department of Physical Education
論文出版年: 2007
畢業學年度: 94
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 78
中文關鍵詞: 急速減重恢復期身體組成血液生化值運動表現
英文關鍵詞: rapid weight loss, high carbohydrate diet, body composition, metabolism, performance
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:215下載:14
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  • 目的:探討急速減重前、後和恢復期高醣攝取的身體組成、血液生化值和運動能力各變項之差異。方法:受試者為8位高中男子跆拳道選手,先讓受試者以一週時間減去至少5%體重後,再經過16小時高醣攝取(75%碳水化合物、10%蛋白質、15%脂肪)的營養介入。並分別於急速減重前、後及恢復期後測試受試者的身體組成、血液生化值和運動表現。實驗結果以相依樣本單因子變異數分析 (one-way ANOVA) 考驗三階段生理變項之差異;當主要效果達顯著時,以杜凱氏HSD進行事後比較。結果:1.三階段之體重、非脂肪體重、細胞內液、細胞外液、骨質重、蛋白質重、肌肉重均達顯著差異(p<.05),而脂肪重、體脂肪率、脂肪分佈無顯著差異。2.急速減重前、後之血糖、血中尿素氮、血紅素、血漿量均達顯著差異(p<.05);恢復期後之血紅素顯著低於急速減重後(p<.05)。3.急速減重後之背肌力顯著低於急速減重前(p<.05);恢復期後之背肌力顯著高於急速減重後(p<.05)。立定三次跳、立定垂直跳、折返跑、曲折跑在各階段皆無顯著差異。結論:急速減重會影響高中跆拳道選手的生理狀況及運動表現,而恢復期攝取高醣類的飲食仍無法回復至減重前的水準。

    Purpose: The study was to investigate the effect of rapid weight loss one week before competition and high carbohydrate intake during 16 hours following official body weighing on body composition, metabolism and performance. Method: Subjects were 8 male Taekwondo players of high school. High carbohydrate diet consisted of 75% of carbohydrates, 10% of protein, and 15% of fat. All testing data was analyzed by one-way ANOVA with repeated measure statistical procedure. When the main effect reached significant level, a HSD procedure was applied. Result: 1. Significant differences were found in body mass index, lean body mass, intra- and extra- cellular fluid, protein, bone mineral, and muscle mass (p<.05) among values before weight reduction, post weight reduction and pre-competition period. 2. Significant difference was also found in blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen, hemoglobin concentration and plasma volume (p<.05) as a result of 5% of weight reduction. 3. Even if back strength decreased significantly after weight reduction and almost recovered to baseline (96%) before competition, there was no significant weight reduction effect as well as high carbohydrate effects during recovery period on performance of triple jumping and stand long jumping, stand vertical jumping, shuttle run and zigzag run. Conclusion: Research findings indicate that rapid weight loss significantly interferes with Taekwondo players’ body composition, metabolism and physical performance. Moreover, 16 hours during the recovery period, high carbohydrate diet and drinks may not be effective to eliminate the negative consequences of body weight reduction manipulation.

    目 次 中文摘要………………………………………………….ⅰ 英文摘要………………………………………………….ⅱ 謝誌……………………………………………………….ⅲ 目次……………………………………………………….ⅳ 表次……………………………………………………….ⅵ 圖次……………………………………………………….ⅷ 第壹章 緒論……………………………………………….1 第一節 前言……………………………………………………1 第二節 問題背景………………………………………………2 第三節 研究的重要性…………………………………………4 第四節 研究目的………………………………………………4 第五節 研究範圍………………………………………………4 第六節 研究限制………………………………………………5 第七節 名詞操作性定義………………………………………5 第貳章 文獻探討………………………………………….7 第一節 有關急速減重現象之研究……………………………7 第二節 急速減重對新陳代謝之影響…………………………8 第三節 急速減重對運動能力之影響………………………..12 第四節 賽前營養補充對急速減重選手之影響……………..15 第五節 本章總結……………………………………………..18 第參章 研究方法…………………………………………20 第一節 研究對象……………………………………………..20 第二節 實驗時間與地點……………………………………..20 第三節 實驗設計……………………………………………..20 第四節 實驗儀器設備………………………………………..22 第五節 實驗流程……………………………………………..24 第六節 實驗方法與步驟……………………………………..25 第七節 資料處理與分析……………………………………..29 第肆章 研究結果…………………………………………31 第一節 受試者基本資料……………………………………..31 第二節 身體組成之變化與比較……………………………..31 第三節 血液生化之變化與比較……………………………..39 第四節 運動能力之變化與比較……………………………..43 第伍章 討論與結論………………………………………48 第一節 身體組成之影響……………………………………..48 第二節 血液生化之影響……………………………………..50 第三節 運動能力之影響……………………………………..52 第四節 結論與建議………………………………………..…54 引用文獻…………………………………………………..56 中文部分………………………………………………………56 英文部分………………………………………………………57 附錄………………………………………………………..67 附錄一 受試者須知與同意書………………………………67 附錄二 受試者健康狀況調查表……………………………68 附錄三 受試者基本資料調查表……………………………69 附錄四 受試者飲食餐點內容與菜單………………………70 附錄五 事後比較摘要表……………………………………75 個人小傳…………………………………………………..78

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