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研究生: 洪楷敦
Hong, Kai-Dun
論文名稱: 多粒子彩色電子紙之色彩重現晶片設計
Chip Design of Color Reproduction for Multiple Particle Color Electronic Paper
指導教授: 高文忠
Kao, Wen-Chung
口試委員: 高文忠
Kao, Wen-Chung
林政宏
Lin, Cheng-Hung
范育成
Fan, Yu-Cheng
口試日期: 2023/07/20
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電機工程學系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年: 2023
畢業學年度: 111
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 84
中文關鍵詞: 彩色電子紙色彩重現色域映射影像處理晶片
英文關鍵詞: color electronic paper, color reproduction, gamut mapping, image processing chip
研究方法: 實驗設計法
DOI URL: http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202300986
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:107下載:41
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  • 一般影像與多粒子彩色電子紙之間的色域範圍存在顯著差異,若直接將影像呈現於彩色電子紙上,將引發色彩偏差和失真問題。因此,本研究提出一套獨特的多粒子彩色電子紙色彩重現系統,旨在創造出與原始影像在視覺上極度接近的色彩再現效果。此系統僅需進行少量的色彩量測,即可獲取校正參數,有效提高了在生產線上進行色彩校正的效率。此外,本研究亦考量電子紙的色域特性,提出了嶄新的色域映射演算法以及誤差擴散演算法。實驗結果顯示,提出的方法能夠在彩色電子紙上最大程度地再現對比度與色彩飽和度。最後,為此色彩重現系統設計並實現了一個即時影像處理硬體架構,並提出了一種新的誤差擴散流水線架構,且在FPGA上進行了驗證。

    Significant discrepancies exist between the color gamut range of conventional images and that of multi-particle color electronic paper. Displaying images directly on color electronic paper can lead to color inaccuracies and distortions. Therefore, this study proposed a color reproduction system for multi-particle color electronic paper, aiming to create color representations that are visually very similar to the original images. This system requires only fewer color measurements, thereby effectively enhancing the efficiency of color calibration on the production line. In addition, this study considered the color gamut characteristics of electronic paper and introduced new color gamut mapping and error diffusion algorithms. Experimental results show that the proposed methods can maximize the contrast and color saturation on color electronic paper. Finally, a hardware architecture for real-time image processing was designed and implemented for this color reproduction system, and a new pipeline architecture for error diffusion was proposed. The hardware performance was validated on an FPGA.

    第一章 緒論 1 1.1 研究背景 1 1.2 研究問題及目的 3 1.3 論文架構 6 第二章 文獻探討 7 2.1 色彩重現(Color Reproduction) 7 2.1.1 設備色彩特性(Device Colorimetric Characterization) 8 2.1.2 過往反射式輸出設備的設備色彩特性 9 2.1.3 sRGB 色彩管理與ICC色彩管理(Color Management) 12 2.2 色域映射(Gamut Mapping) 14 2.2.1 灰軸外觀(Gray Axis Appearance) 14 2.2.2 色域映射演算法 15 2.2.3 色域映射色彩空間 19 2.3 半色調技術 22 2.4 影像處理硬體架構 23 第三章 研究方法 27 3.1 彩色電子紙設備色彩特性建模 27 3.2 彩色電子紙影像處理流程 28 3.2.1 色彩空間轉換 29 3.2.2 色域前處理 31 3.2.3 色域映射 33 3.3.3.1 色域邊界描述 34 3.3.3.2 亮度映射 35 3.3.3.3 映射錨點 39 3.3.3.4 色域壓縮 41 3.3.3.5 色域後處理 43 3.2.4 誤差擴散 44 3.3 彩色電子紙影像處理之晶片設計 45 3.3.1 彩色電子紙影像處理流水線設計 47 3.3.2 像素位址計算模組 49 3.3.3 色彩轉換模組 50 3.3.4.1 Linear sRGB轉OKLab模組 50 3.3.4.2 色相運算模組 51 3.3.4 色域映射模組 52 3.3.4.1 色域邊界LUT模組 53 3.3.4.2 映射錨點模組 54 3.3.4.3 選擇色域邊界點模組 54 3.3.5 誤差擴散模組 55 3.3.5.1 誤差累積與像素限制模組 56 3.3.5.2 Linear sRGB轉L*a*b*模組 56 3.3.5.3 量化模組 57 3.3.5.4 誤差計算模組 58 3.3.5.5 流水線誤差擴散模組 59 第四章 實驗結果 61 4.1 實驗環境與設備 61 4.2 色域前處理與色域映射演算法比較 62 4.2.1灰軸外觀再現比較 (縮減色域 VS. 旋轉色域) 62 4.2.2 色域映射演算法比較 63 4.3 彩色電子紙影像處理結果 66 4.3.1誤差擴散比較 66 4.3.2色域映射演算法顯示影像比較 67 4.3.2.1 色彩誤差比較 71 4.3.2.2 影像還原度比較 73 4.4 彩色電子紙影像處理晶片執行效能 74 第五章 結論及未來展望 75 參考文獻 76 附錄 79

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