由於土地有限，掩埋場已無法負荷日益增加的垃圾量，因此資源回收一直被認為是有效解決垃圾問題的必要途徑，然而，資源回收必須仰賴大眾的參與才有可能成功，找出能有效增進資源回收行為參與的介入便成為值得研究的一個重點。大學校園也是一個社區，若能增進大學生參與校內資源回收，對將來社會整體資源回收率的提昇有相當的幫助。利用圖像符號的傳播已廣泛應用在公共訊息標誌、交通標誌和電腦操作介面中，它能吸引注意並協助文字意義的認識與記憶，環保署在1998年制訂了統一的回收標誌是資源回收工作的一大改革，因此，圖像符號式的資源回收標示對個人的資源回收行為可能產生什麼樣的影響是本研究想要瞭解的。在回顧了圖像符號相關的視覺傳播理論與資源回收行為類似的介入研究等文獻，以及對現行資源回收標示實施現況的檢視之後，本研究將原有文字式的標示更換為圖像符號式的標示做為一種介入處理，在一大學宿舍區中先對一個回收點以單組時間序列設計進行介入實驗，再另外選定兩個回收點以多組時間序列設計，對其中一回收點施以相同介入，另一回收點則做為對照組，觀測各回收點回收筒內可回收物與污染物數量以及一般垃圾筒內可回收物數量的變化。介入影響的顯著性先以時間序列介入模式分析，因所得資料多為隨機數列，亦同時以平均數和百分比率差異檢定進行分析。研究結果顯示圖像符號式標示主要的效用在於減少回收筒的污染情形，促進資源回收的參與的效用僅在介入當時顯著，顯示仍須配合其他措施來維持個人的參與行為。研究建議環保署應建立完整資源回收識別標示系統並研擬相關規範，亦提出大學校園中一些配合圖像符號式標示提昇並維持資源回收參與的措施。

Due to the limited land, there are very limited space for landfills to bury the waste of rapid growing amounts in Taiwan. Recycling is consequently regarded as a necessary approach to solve the waste problem effectively. However, it relies on the public’s participation to be successful. Finding the effective interventions which can increase the participation in recycling behavior became an important issue worth researching on. An university campus is also a kind of community. Increasing the participation of university students in campus recycling will also benefit the society.Communications through icons have been widely applied in public information symbols, traffic signs and the operation interfaces of computers. Iconic symbols draw people's attentions and improve the comprehension and memorization of the meanings of written languages. It is a great revolution that Taiwan’s Environmental Protection Administrative (EPA) established an unified recycling symbol in 1998. Therefore, this research attempts to realize what effects can iconic recycling signs impose on individual's recycling behavior.After reviewing literatures of visual communication theories related to iconic symbols and intervention researches of recycling behavior as well as the examining of the practice of current recycling signs, an intervention was introduced in this research by replacing original recycling signs which consist of written languages in the main to new iconic signs. The experiment was first applied to a recycling spot in an university dormitory with a single time series design, then to another two recycling spots with a multiple time series design, which is, applying the same treatment to one of the two recycling spots, and the other served as a comparison group. On each recycling spot the changes of the number of both recyclable and contaminant items in recycling bins and the changes of the number of recyclable items in general trash can were observed. The statistical significance of the intervention was first analyzed using time series intervention model, because most of the data were identified as random series, it was also analyzed using tests of difference between two averages and between two proportions.The research results revealed that the main effectiveness of iconic signs is in the reduction of the contamination of recycling bins, while the effectiveness of increasing the participation in recycling is significant only at the time intervention just introduced. This implies that other measures are still required to maintain individual’s participating behavior. This research suggested that EPA should set up a sound recycling signage system and establish relevant regulations. Some measures in correspondence with these signs to increase and maintain the participation in recycling on university campuses are also proposed.

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