摘要
本研究旨在探討偏遠與都市地區高級中學學生之環境行為及其影響因素，同時比較兩地區的差異。
本研究經文獻探討後自編「高級中學學生環境行為調查問卷」，問卷經信度與效度檢驗後，取得花蓮縣玉里高中192位學生與台北縣新店高中254位學生之有效樣本原始資料，再以統計軟體SPSS8.0視窗版進行統計分析。主要研究結果如下：
一、 中學生採取之環境行動頻率不高，只有約半機會採取各類環境行動。而且中學生傾向採取較多的生態管理與消費主義行動；較少採取說服與法律行動。
二、 高中學生之環境行為不因地區而有差異，卻會因是否曾參加過環保相關活動或是否曾為環保社團成員而有差異。
三、 除了環境的價值觀會因地區而有顯著差異之外，高中學生之環境行動策略的知識、環境行動策略的技能、環境知識、環境敏感度、環境的責任感、控制觀等自變項不因地區而有差異。
四、 有效預測高中學生環境行為之變項依次為環境行動策略的技能、環境的責任感、過去環保活動經驗、環境敏感度與環境行動策略的知識，共可預測47.9％學生的環境行為。
本研究依據以上研究結果給予未來研究與環境教育建議。
關鍵字：
偏遠地區、都市地區、環境行為、環境行動。

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to discuss the Environmental Behavior of Senior high school students in both the rural and the urban area and the possible independent variables correlated to their behaviors.
After all the investigation for the Environmental Behavior study, the author compiled the Senior High School Student Environmental Behavior Questionnaire as the tool to assisting the study. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire was tested before implementing the survey. There were 192 valid samples from the Yu-Li Senior high school in Hualien County and 254 from the Hsin-Tien Senior high school in Taipei County. The data was conducted by SPSS8.0 for Window software. The main results of this study are below.
(1) The Senior high school student's response toward Environmental Action is not frequent. Only 5o% would take action. And The students tend to take more Eco-management and Consumerism than Persuasion and Legal action.
(2) The Environmental Behavior of the Senior high students does not vary with their locality but is correlated with the fact that the student has or has not participated in some environmental activities or joined the member of environmental club.
(3) The Senior high school student's Knowledge of environmental action strategy , Skill of environmental action strategy , Environment knowledge , Environmental sensitivity , Environmental responsibility and Locus of control does not vary with their locality. But the student's Environmental value does.
(4) The effective independent variables that can predict Environmental Behavior of all high school students in turn are The Skill of Environmental Action Strategy, Environmental Responsibility, experience of environmental activity, Environmental Sensitivity, and Knowledge of Environmental Action Strategy. They can totally predict 47.9% Environmental Behavior.
As for the further study and Environmental Education in Formal Education, the author included some recommendations.
Key Word:
Rural area, Urban area, Environmental Behavior, Environmental Action.

王少泉（民88）：探索新環境典範的內涵──環境教育專業人士對台灣環境議題態度之分析。國立台灣師範大學環境教育研究所論文。
王懋雯（民86）：師範學院學生環境行為影響因素之研究──以台北市立師範學院學生為例。國立台灣師範大學衛生教育研究所碩士論文。
巫偉鈴（民78）：五專學生對環境問題的知識、信念及行動取向之研究。國立台灣師範大學衛生教育研究所碩士論文。
李永展（民84）：環境態度與環保行為──理論與實證。台北：胡氏圖書。
杜政榮、李俊福、江亮演（民83）：環境學概論。台北：國立空中大學。
林玉體（民73）：教育概論。台北：東華書局。
林秀瞳（民85）：環境相關科系學生之環境典範、知識及行動意向調查研究。國立台灣師範大學衛生教育研究所碩士論文。
孫儒泳等（民86）：普通生態學。台北：藝軒。
張子超（民84）：環保教師對新環境典範態度分析。環境教育季刊。26：37-45。
張峰垚（民85）：台灣地區大型企業綠色化行動與環境教育初探。國立台灣師範大學環境教育研究所論文。
許世璋（民88）：以環境素養變項預測環保團體成員環境行動與行動意圖之研究。中華民國八十八年環境教育研討會論文集：12-16。
黃文煜（民85）：國民中學校園環境教育之研究以台北縣六國中為例。國立台灣師範大學環境教育研究所論文。
楊冠政（民87）：環境教育。台北：明文書局。
葉燕燕（民84）：八十三年度台北市十大要保社區環境行動及其影響因素之探究。國立台灣師範大學環境教育研究所論文。
蕭新煌、熊傳慧（民71）譯：環境社會學一個新的範型。思與言。19（6）：539-547。
蕭新煌、熊傳慧（民71）譯：環境社會學是一個新的範型嗎。思與言。20（1）：661-667。
鍾宜興譯（民79）：教育的研究典範。現代教育。18：20-27。

Albretch, D., Bultena, G., Holberg, E., & Nowak, P. (1982). The New Environmental Paradigm scale. The Journal of Environmental Education.13(3):39-43.
Arcury T.A. & Christionson E.H.(1993). Rural-Urban Differences in Environmental Knowledge and Actions. The Journal of Environmental Education.25(1):19-25.
Berberoglu G.,& Tosunoglu C.(1995).Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses of An Environmental Attitude Scale (EAS) of Turkish University Students. The Journal of Environmental Education.26(3):40-43.
Boerschig S.,& Young R.D. (1993). Evaluation of Selected Recycling Curricula:Educating The Green Citizen, The Journal of Environmental Education.24(3):17-22.
Caron J.A.(1989). Environmental Perspectives of Blacks:Acceptance of the New Environmental Paradigm. Journal of Environmental Education.20(3):21-26.
Caron J.A.(1995).The Black-White environmental concern gap: An Examination of Environmental Paradigms. Journal of Environmental Education.26(2):24-35.
Chawla, L. (1998). Significant life experiences revisited: a Review of Research on Sources of Environmental Sensitivity. The Journal of Environmental Education.29 (3):11-21.
Cottrell S.P.,& Graefe A.R.(1997). Testing a conceptual framework of responsible environmental behavior. The Journal of Environmental Education.29(1):17-28.
Dresner M., & Gill M.(1994). Environmental Education at Summer Nature Camp. The Journal of Environmental Education.25 (4):35-41.
Dunlap, R., & Van Liere, K. (1978). The New Environmental Paradigm. The Journal of Environmental Education, 9(4), 10-19.
Fien J.,Connell S.,Sykes H., & Yencken D.(1998).Young People and The Environment in Australia:Beliefs,Knowledge,Commitment and Educational Implications. Australian Journal of Environmental Education.14:39-48.
Geller J.M.,& Lasley P.(1985).The Mew Environmental Paradigm Scale:A Reexaminatin. The Journal of Environmental Education.17(1):9-12.
Gigiliotti L.M.(1992).Environmental Attitudes: 20 Years of Change? The Journal of Environmental Education.24(1):15-25.
Gigiliotti L.M.(1994).Environmental Issues: Cornell Students’ Willingness To Take Action ,1990. The Journal of Environmental Education.26(1):34-42.
Hines J.M.,Hungerford H.R.,& Tomera A.N.(1986).Analysis and Synthesis of Research on Responsible Environmental Behavior :A meta-Analysis. The Journal of Environmental Education.18 (2):1-8.
Hsu,S.J.(1994).An Assessment of Environmental Knowledge and Attitudes Held by Community Leaders in Hualien County of Taiwan. Unpublished Thesis,The Ohio State University ,Columbus,Ohio.
Hsu,S.J.(1997).An Assessment of Environmental Literacy and Analysis of Predictors of Responsible Environmental Behavior Held by Secondary Teachers in Hualien County of Taiwan. Unpublished Thesis,The Ohio State University ,Columbus,Ohio.
Hsu,S.J.(1998).An Assessment of Environmental Literacy and Analysis of Predictors of Responsible Environmental Behavior Held by Secondary Teachers in Hualien County of Taiwan.Environmental Education Research 4(3):229-249.
Hungerford H.R., and Volk T.L. (1990).Changing Learner Behavior Through Enviroment Education. The Journal of Environmental Education.21(3):8-21.
Hwang Y.H.,Kim S.,& Jeng J.M.(2000). Examining the Causal Relationship Among Selected Antecedents of Responsible Environmental Behavior.30(4):19-26.
Iozzi L.A.(1989).What Research Says to The Educator Part One: Environmental Education And The Affective Domain. The Journal of Environmental Education.20 (3):3-9.
Iozzi L.A.(1989).What Research Says to The Educator Part Two: Environmental Education And The Affective Domain. The Journal of Environmental Education.20 (4):6-14.
Kastenholz H.G.,& Erdmann K.(1994).Eductation for Responsibility Within The Framework of UNESCO.The Journal of Environmental Education.25(2):15-20.
Kuhn, R. G., & Jackson, E. L. (1989). Stability of Factor Structures in The Measurement of Public Environmental Attitudes. The Journal of Environmental Education.20(3):27-32.
Musser L.M.,& Malkus A. J. (1994). The Children’s Attitude Toward The Environment Scale, The Journal of Environmental Education. 21(3):22-26.
Noe,F.P.,& Snow, R. (1990). The New Environmental Paradigm and Further Analysis. Journal of Environmental Education. 21:20-26.
Ramsey J.M.(1989).The Effects of Issue Investigation and Action Training on Seven Grade Students, The Journal of Environmental Education.20(4):29-35.
Ramsey J.M.(1993).The Effects of Issue Investigation and Action Training on Eighth-Grade Students’ Environmental Behavior, The Journal of Environmental Education.24(3):31-36.
Sheppard J.A.C.(1995).The Black-White Environmental Concern Gap: An Examination of Environmental Paradigms. The Journal of Environmental Education.26(2):24-35.
Sia, A., Hungerford, H.,& Tomera, A. (1985-1986). Selected Predictors of Responsible Environmental Behavior. The Journal of Environmental Education.17(2):31-40.
Simmons D.,& Widmar R.(1990).Motivations and Barriers to Recycling:Toward A Strategy for Public Education. The Journal of Environmental Education.22(1):13-18
Sivek, D. J.,& Hungerford, H. R. (1989-1990). Predictors of Responsible Environmental Behavior in Members of Three Wisconsin Conservation Organizations. The Journal of Environmental Education.21(2):35- 40.
Smith-Sebasto,N.J.(1992).The Revised Perceived Environmental Control Measure: A Review and Analysis. The Journal of Environmental Education.23(2):24-33.
Smith-Sebasto,N.J.(1994).The Environmental Action Internal Control Index.The Journal of Environmental Education,25(4):23-29.
Szagun G., and Mesenholl E. (1993).Environment Ethics:An Empirical Study of West German Adolescents. The Journal of Environmental Education.25(1):37-44.
Tanner,T.(1980).Significant Life Experiences: A New Research Area in Environmental Education. The Journal of Environmental Education.11(4):20-24.
Wagstaff M.C.,& Wilson B.E.(1988).The Evaluation of Litter Behavior Modification in a River Environment. The Journal of Environmental Education.20(1):39-44.
Wals A.E.,Beringer A.,& Stapp W.B.(1990).Education in Action:A Community Problem-Solving Program for Schools. The Journal of Environmental Education.21(4):13-19.
Yau G.L.,& Stimpson P.(1997).Environmental Attitudes and Actions:People’s Perceptions of The Effectiveness of Their Actions and Chinese Cultural Context.Australian Journal of Environmental Education.13:55-60.