AI 機器人是人工智慧發展的一個必然趨勢，並且在當代已經有了實質性的 突破與進展。本研究旨在探討 AI 機器人情感、自主學習及與人類的互動關係， 並籍由 HBO 影集《Westworld》來反映了當代科技及未來可能發展的趨勢。
本研究對象為《Westworld》影集前三季的劇情內容與 AI 機器人故事線， 透過系統性的文獻回顧和文本分析法的運用，從人工智慧、機器學習、心理學 和哲學等不同角度分析了 AI 機器人感情、自主學習和人類互動的發展過程，從 而得出了以下研究結果:
首先，AI 機器人的情感反應包括情感的產生、表達和 AI 機器人的自主學 習發展都需要在感知、技術和道德三個層次上進行，並且需要相對應的認知架 構和演算法的支持，而 AI 機器人與人類的互動可協作、競爭、娛樂、教育、照 顧和治療等多種形式和應用關係，但仍需注意機器人可能對人類產生威脅的風 險和挑戰，需加強教育和監管確保其合理應用。同時，AI 機器人的情感和自主 學習方面，需強化管理和監督確保安全和合法性，在機器人智能和人機互動帶 來新契機的同時，也能確保人類的安全與福址，以實現更好的社會效益。
最後，透過《Westworld》影集的分析與機器人故事線反映了在心理及哲學 上的概念，並提醒觀眾警覺科技發展的同時仍需珍惜人類本有的獨特性。本研 究也指出了 AI 機器人發展的趨勢和相關的道德倫理問題，並提出了相應的建議。 希望這項研究能對未來人工智慧的發展和應用提供有益的參考。

AI robots have become an inevitable trend in the development of artificial intelligence, and significant breakthroughs and advancements have been made in contemporary times. This research aims to explore the emotions, autonomous learning capabilities, and interaction between AI robots and humans, drawing insights from the HBO series "Westworld" to reflect contemporary technological trends and potential future developments. The research focuses on the plot content and AI robot storylines from the first three seasons of "Westworld." Through a systematic literature review and the application of text analysis methods, this study analyzes the development of emotions, autonomous learning, and human interaction in AI robots from different perspectives, including artificial intelligence, machine learning, psychology, and philosophy. The following research findings are obtained:

Firstly, the emotional response of AI robots encompasses the nature, generation, and expression of emotions. The development of AI robots' autonomous learning requires progress in perception, technology, and ethics, supported by corresponding cognitive frameworks and algorithms. Additionally, the interaction between AI robots and humans can take various forms and applications, including collaboration, competition, entertainment, education, care, and therapy. However, attention must be given to the risks and challenges that AI robots may pose to humans. Strengthening education and regulation is crucial to ensure their reasonable, safe, and responsible application. Furthermore, the management and supervision of AI robots' emotional response and autonomous learning should be strengthened to ensure safety and legality. While bringing new opportunities in robot intelligence and human-machine interaction, it is essential to safeguard human safety and well-being, ultimately achieving better social benefits.

Finally, the analysis of the HBO series "Westworld" and its robot storylines reflects psychological and philosophical concepts, reminding viewers to be aware of technological advancements while cherishing the inherent uniqueness of humanity. This study also highlights the trends in AI robot development and related ethical issues, providing corresponding recommendations. It is hoped that this research will offer valuable insights for the future development and application of artificial intelligence.

一、中文文獻

游美惠(2000)。〈內容分析、文本分析與論述分析在社會研究的運用〉。 《調查研究期刊》第八期。頁7-41。

二、英文文獻

Asaro, P. M. (2006). What should we want from a robot ethic? International Review of Information Ethics, 6(12), 9-16.

Bajwa, U. A., Bashir, A. K., Haq, M. A., & Ahn, C. K. (2020). Advantages and Disadvantages of Machine Learning in Robotics. IEEE Access, 8, 102944-102957.

Berger, A. A.(1995). Cultural Criticism. Thousand Oaks, Ca.: Sage.

Broadbent, E., Stafford, R., & MacDonald, B. (2009). Acceptance of healthcare robots for the older population: Review and future directions. International Journal of Social Robotics, 1(4), 319-330.

Breazeal, C. (2003). Emotion and sociable humanoid robots. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 59(1-2), 119-155.

Breazeal, C. (2003). Toward sociable robots. Robotics and autonomous systems, 42(3-4), 167-175.

Chaminade, T., Rosset, D., Da Fonseca, D., & Nazarian, B. (2012). Building a sense of self through the use of robots. New Ideas in Psychology, 30(2), 329-341.

Charmaz, K. (2014). Constructing grounded theory. Sage publications.

Cohn, N., Fung, R., & Specia, L. (2018). Depicting and evoking empathy through virtual reality. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 38(3), 6-13.

Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2017). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Sage publications.

Darling, K. (2016). Extending legal rights to social robots. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A, 374(2083), 20160107.

D'Mello, S., & Graesser, A. (2012). Dynamics of affective states during complex learning. Learning and Instruction, 22(2), 145-157.

Duan, Y., Schulman, J., Chen, X., xiangzhu, Peng, J., & Abbeel, P. (2019). A Survey of Autonomous Learning. Journal of Machine Learning Research .

Fairclough, N. (1995). Critical Discourse Analysis: The Critical Study / Language. London and New York: Longman.

Fong, T., Nourbakhsh, I., & Dautenhahn, K. (2003). A survey of socially interactive robots. Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 42(3-4), 143-166.

Frey, C. B., & Osborne, M. A. (2017). The rise of the robots and the future of work. World Economics, 18(3), 111-120.

Gross, J. J. (2015). Emotion regulation: Current status and future prospects. Psychological inquiry, 26(1), 1-26.

Heerink, M., Kröse, B., Evers, V., & Wielinga, B. (2009). Human-robot interaction: A survey. Robotics and autonomous systems, 57(9), 861-874.

Hodge, G., & Bowman, D. M. (2017). The role of science fiction in the ethics of emerging technologies. Journal of Responsible Innovation, 4(sup1), S26-S32.

Johnson, J. (2017). Westworld and the ethics of artificial intelligence. Philosophical Quarterly, 67(269), 835-854.

Johnson, M. (2019). Westworld and the moral circle: The scope of moral concern in a simulated world. Ethics and Information Technology, 21(1), 1-10.

Jürgen Schmidhuber and Daan Wierstra (2013). A Survey of Autonomous Learning. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research (JAIR).

Kitamura, K. (1990). Interactional Synchrony: A Fundamental Condition for Communication. Pp. 123-140 In M. Moerman and M. Nomura (eds) Culture Embodied. Osaka: National Museum of Ethnology.

Konidaris, G., & Barto, A. (2019). Autonomous reinforcement learning: An empirical investigation. Journal of Machine Learning Research, 20(55), 1-66.

Kuppens, P., Realo, A., & Allik, J. (2008). Individual and situational predictors of the intensity and regulation of emotional experiences: A naturalistic study. Motivation and Emotion, 32(1), 79-87.

Lee, S. Y., & Nass, C. (2002). Experimental tests of the effects of “social” robots on human behavior. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 59(1-2), 119-155.

Levy, D. (2007). Love and sex with robots: The evolution of human-robot relationships. Harper Perennial.

Lillicrap, T. P., Hunt, J. J., Pritzel, A., Heess, N., Erez, T., Tassa, Y., Silver, D., & Wierstra, D. (2016). Continuous Control with Deep Reinforcement Learning. International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR).

Mataric, M. J., Eriksson, J., Feil-Seifer, D., & Winstein, C. (2007). Robots in the wild: Exploring human-robot interaction in naturalistic environments. In Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE/RSJ international conference on intelligent robots and systems (pp. 3357-3364).

Mnih, V., Kavukcuoglu, K., Silver, D., Rusu, A. A., Veness, J., Bellemare, M. G., ... & Petersen, S. (2013). Playing Atari with deep reinforcement learning.

Park, H. W., Sherry, J., Hwang, Y., Joo, H., & Song, D. (2019). The impact of social robots on young children's social and cognitive development. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 2772.

Parker, I. (1992). Discourse Dynamics: Critical Analysis Social and Individual Psy-

chology. London: Routledge.

Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative research & evaluation methods: Integrating theory and practice. Sage publications.

Picard, R. W. (2000). Affective computing. MIT press.

Reinharz (1992). Feminist Methods in Social Research. New York & Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Sharkey, A., Sharkey, N., & Wallace, J. (2016). Robots and human dignity: A consideration of the effects of robot care on the dignity of older people. Ethics and Information Technology, 18(4), 299-312.

Silver, D., Huang, A., Maddison, C. J., Guez, A., Sifre, L., Van Den Driessche, G.,& Dieleman, S. (2016). Mastering the game of Go with deep neural networks and tree search. Nature, 529(7587), 484-489.

Sinaiko, A. D. (2020). Westworld, transhumanism, and the future of humanity. Journal of Evolution and Technology, 31(1), 11-26.

Sutton, R. S., & Barto, A. G. (1998). Reinforcement Learning: An Introduction. MIT Press.

Tao, J., Tan, T., & Picard, R. W. (2005). Affective computing and intelligent interaction. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics-Part A: Systems and Humans, 35(4), 541-554.

Turkle, S. (2011). Alone together: Why we expect more from technology and less from each other. Basic Books.

Vogt, P., & Andreassen, H. K. (2018). Robot-assisted language learning for children with developmental language disorder: A pilot study. Journal of Child Language, 45(5), 1118-1136.

Wang, Z., Zhou, C., Zhang, J., & Hu, J. (2019). Big Data Analytics in Robotics: A Review. IEEE Access, 7, 48127-48140.

Westworld. (2016). Television series. Created by J. Nolan and L. Joy. HBO.

Westworld. (2016-2018). Television series.Created by Jonathan Nolan and Lisa Joy, HBO.

Whitby, B. (2017). Do robots need emotions? In A. Ayse (Ed.), Artificial Intelligence and Robotics (pp. 257-274). InTechOpen.

Zaki, M. Y., Alshaikhli, I. F., & Usman, M. (2020). Deep Learning for Autonomous Robots: A Comprehensive Review.