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研究生: 周岱學
論文名稱: STS融入教學對國中生創造力與問題解決能力之影響
指導教授: 洪志明
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 化學系
Department of Chemistry
論文出版年: 2003
畢業學年度: 91
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 237
中文關鍵詞: 九年一貫STS小班教學精神實驗班國中課程創造力解決問題能力
英文關鍵詞: Grade 1-9 Curriculum, STS, The Spirits of Small Class Instruction, Junior high school’s curriculums, Creativity, Problem-solving
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:260下載:36
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  • 我國新學制,九年一貫課程之精神,在於培育出具有預測未來、理智判斷、高創造力、不斷學習、反應迅速、解決問題…等能力的新世代公民。而STS(Science,Technology&Society)科學教育的教學目標之一,就是在於培養學生的創造力和解決問題的能力,所以只要能將STS教學落實在新學制的課程中,便能達成我國九年一貫教育改革的課程目標。
    本研究之目的鑑於九年一貫課程的實施,因此想藉由此研究來探討將STS教學理念融入國中課程中,對於國中生在創造力、和解決問題能力方面會有何影響。
    過去在對國中生所作的STS教育研究中,許多研究都是受限於時間太短,以至於無法作較長時間的觀察,所得到的推論也較受大眾的質疑。因此,本研究之實驗方法是將STS融入教學之時間延長為一個學期,希望藉由本研究所作出來的結果,更具實驗意義和參考價值。
    本研究之實驗對象為台北市某國中三年級「小班教學精神實驗班」之學生,因並非隨機取樣之樣本,故實驗結果不能作過度推論。
    研究結果以共變數分析方法得知實驗組學生在創造力測驗-「威廉斯創造性思考活動」和解決問題能力測驗-「托尼非語言智力測驗」上的得分均顯著(p<.05)高於對照組的學生。
    根據研究結果,我們可以得知,將STS教學理念融入國中課程中,對於培養國中生的創造力及解決問題能力是相當有幫助的。這對於九年一貫的課程革新是一個相當正面的鼓勵。

    The essence of Taiwan new educational system, Grade 1-9 Curriculum, is to nurture the new century’s citizens with capabilities of future-divination, intellect judgment, high-creativity, continuous-learning, quick reaction, problem-solving, and so on . One of the STS(Science,Technology&Society)science education’s teaching targets is to nurture stuendents’ ability of creativity and problem-solving . So if we can include STS science education in new educational curriculum , we can achieve the goal of Grade 1-9 Curriculum.
    In view of the practice of Grade 1-9 Curriculum , this research focuses on the influence on students’ capabilities of creativity and problem-solving when the STS science education’s teaching spirit is inserted into junior high school’s curriculums .
    In the past , many STS science education which study on junior high school students’ behavior were limited to short period time. Hence, the inferences from these researches were suspected by people . Therefore, this research extends the period of teaching activity to one semester , and hopes the result can be of more experimental meaning and reference value.
    The subject of this research is targeted on the third grade students with The Spirits of Small Class Instruction in one particular junior high school in Taipei . Students are not choiced randomly , hence the experimental result wouldn’t be over inferred .
    The result from this research’s by using Analysis of Covariance(ANCOVA), the students in experimental form significantly get higher grades than the students in contrasting form(p<.05)in the Williams Creativity Test(Creativity Assessment Packet,CAP)and the the test of problem-solving(Test of Nonverbal Intelligence, TONI).
    According to the analysis result , if the STS science education’s teaching spirit is put into junior high school’s curriculums , it will be helpful to nurture junior high school students’ capacity of creativity and problem-solving .This result is a positive inspiring for Grade 1-9 Curriculum’s reform.

    中文摘要…………………………………………………………….……i 英文摘要…………………………………………………………………ii 目次……………………………………………………iii 表次……………………………………………………..…….vi 圖次…………………………………………………….…..……ix 第一章 緒論.……………………………………….………………….1 第一節 研究背景……………..……………….……………………1 第二節 研究動機與目的……………..……….……………………2 第三節 本研究欲探討之問題………..……….……………………4 第四節 本研究之特色…………………..…….……………………4 第二章 文獻探討………………………………………………………5 第一節 STS科學教育……………….………………………………5 第二節 創造力之探討…………………………………….,………13 第三節 解決問題能力之探究………..……………………………30 第三章 研究方法與步驟………………………..……………………38 第一節 研究架構……………………..……………………………38 第二節 研究對象………………..…………………………………38 第三節 小精班(小班教學精神實驗班)釋義…….…………….40 第四節 課程設計之目的及模組活動之說明……..………………41 第五節 研究工具…………………..………………………………57 第六節 研究設計…………………,…………….…………………61 第七節 資料分析方法………………………..……………………63 第四章 資料分析………………………………..……………………64 第一節 威廉斯創造性思考活動……………..……………………65 第二節 威廉斯創造性傾向量表……………..……………………73 第三節 托尼非語言智力測驗………………..……………………77 第四節 學生自我認知部分的改變…………..……………………79 第五節 質的分析……………………………..……………………90 第五章 結論與建議…………………………………………………104 第一節 結論………………………………………………………104 第二節 建議………………………………………………………106 第六章 參考資料……………………………………………………108 附錄……………………………………………………………………119 附錄一 ……………………………………………………………119 附錄二 ………………………………………………….125 附錄三 ……………………………………………………....236 表次 表2-1 認知情意互動模式第三層面(學生行為)的意義……………18 表2-2 五層面二十二過程之創造力要項……………………………..29 表3-2-1 研究有效樣本數一覽表……………………………………..40 表3-4-6 詹森-內曼法的摘要表……………………………………..60 表4-1學生在「威廉斯創造性思考活動」前測與後測各項目的平均分數與標準差……………………………………………………………..65 表4-1-1-1流暢力同質性分析………………………………………..65 表4-1-1-2 流暢力詹森-內曼校正迴歸直線摘要表……………….66 表4-1-2-1開放性同質性分析………………………………………..67 表4-1-2-2 開放性詹森-內曼校正迴歸直線摘要表……………….68 表4-1-3-1變通力同質性分析………………………………………..68 表4-1-3-2變通力共變數摘要表……………………………………..68 表4-1-3-3變通力事後比較摘要表…………………………………..69 表4-1-4-1獨創力同質性分析………………………………………..69 表4-1-4-2獨創力共變數摘要表……………………………………..70 表4-1-4-3獨創力事後比較摘要表…………………………………..70 表4-1-5-1精密力同質性分析………………………………………..70 表4-1-5-2精密力詹森-內曼校正迴歸直線摘要表………………..71 表4-1-6-1標題同質性分析…………………………………………..72 表4-1-6-2標題共變數摘要表………………………………………..72 表4-1-6-3標題事後比較摘要表……………………………………..72 表4-2學生在「威廉斯創造性傾向量表」前測與後測各項目的平均分數與標準差……………………………………………………………..73 表4-2-1-1冒險性同質性分析………………………………………..73 表4-2-1-2冒險性共變數摘要表……………………………………..74 表4-2-2-1好奇性同質性分析………………………………………..74 表4-2-2-2好奇性共變數摘要表……………………………………..74 表4-2-3-1想像力同質性分析………………………………………..75 表4-2-3-2想像力共變數摘要表……………………………………..75 表4-2-4-1挑戰性同質性分析………………………………………..75 表4-2-4-2挑戰性共變數摘要表……………………………………..76 表4-2-5-1創造傾向總和同質性分析………………………………..76 表4-2-5-2創造傾向總和共變數摘要表……………………………..77 表4-3學生在托尼甲式、托尼乙式的平均分數與標準差…………..77 表4-3-1 托尼甲式同質性分析……………………………………….77 表4-3-2 托尼氏詹森-內曼校正迴歸直線摘要表………………….78 表4-4學生對於這學期三個模組的喜愛程度統計表………………..79 表4-4-2-1學生對於問題解決能力重要性的看法統計表…………..80 表4-4-2-2對於自己認為本身是否具有問題解決能力的統計表…..80 表4-4-2-3你認為此次課程中的哪些活動可培養你解決問題能力的統計表……………………………………………………………………..81 表4-4-3-1學生對於創造力重要性的看法統計表……………….……82 表4-4-3-2學生認為本身是否具有創造力的統計表…………………82 表4-4-3-3你認為此次課程中的哪些活動可培養你創造力的統計表.83 表4-4-4創造力和問題解決能力兩者間的相關程度統計表…………84 表4-4-5合作學習對於培養創造力、問題解決能力的重要性統計表..84 表4-4-6-1對於本學期上課方式,看法有何差異統計表…………….86 表4-4-6-2學生覺得比較能學到東西的課程進行方式統計表……….87 表4-4-6-3 STS課程評價統計表……………………………………..88 表4-4-7在課程結束後學生對於日常生活中與科學有關事物的看法統計表……………………………………………………………………..89 表4-5-2-1 S4小小馬蓋仙學習單……………………………………..99 表4-5-2-2 S4創意電池構想學習單…………………………………100 表4-5-2-3 S6酸雨防治企劃書………………………………………102 表4-5-2-4 S6創意電池構想學習單…………………………………103 圖次 圖2-1 Williams創造性教學模式……………………………………..20 圖2-2 人境互動之解決問題的模式…………………………………..32 圖3-1-1 實驗活動流程……………………………………………...39 圖3-4-6 詹森-內曼法的摘要表的圖形……………………………..60 圖4-1-1-1 流暢力詹森-內曼校正圖…………………………………66 圖4-1-2-1 開放性詹森-內曼校正圖……………………………...67圖4-1-5-1 精密力詹森-內曼校正圖…………………………………71 圖4-3-1 托尼式詹森-內曼校正圖…………………………………..78 圖4-5-1-1 學生S30酸鹼概念圖……………………………………94 圖4-5-1-2 學生S35酸鹼概念圖……………………………………...95 圖4-5-2-1 學生S4酸鹼概念圖………………………………………97

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