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研究生: 馮木蘭
Mu-lan Feng
論文名稱: 女性青少年身體活動狀況及其影響因素之探討─應用健康促進模式
Physical Activity and its Determinants Among Female Adolescents: An Application of the Health Promotion Model
指導教授: 卓俊伶
Jwo, Jun-Ling
吳姿瑩
Wu, Tsu-Yin
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 體育學系
Department of Physical Education
論文出版年: 2002
畢業學年度: 90
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 107
中文關鍵詞: 健康促進模式社會支持情意反應自我效能知覺利益知覺障礙
英文關鍵詞: Health Promotion Model, social support, affective response, self-efficacy, perceived benefit, perceived barrier
論文種類: 學術論文
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  • 本研究以Pender(1996)提出的「健康促進模式」為研究架構,目的旨在探討女性青少年身體活動狀況及其決定因素。本研究以台灣地區北部某兩所職業學校及兩所高中八十九學年度全體女學生為母群體,以方便取樣方式選取樣本, 以結構式問卷為研究工具,有效問卷共501份。所得資料以皮爾遜積差相關、t考驗、複迴歸及線性迴歸進行統計分析,研究結果經分析討論後,發現:(一)本研究對象有77.3%的比例在課外時間無從事規律身體活動的習慣;(二)社會支持、情意反應、自我效能、知覺利益和知覺障礙等因素與身體活動有顯著的相關性,和當時行為競爭需求與身體活動則沒有顯著相關;(三)有較高自我效能、較多知覺利益和較少知覺障礙的女性青少年,其身體活動量顯著高於那些具有相反認知者。至於社會支持、情意反應及和當時行為競爭的需求方面,高低組間的身體活動量則未達顯著水準;(四)自我效能對女性青少年身體活動有直接的影響,其它如社會支持、情意反應、知覺利益、知覺障礙及和當時行為競爭的需求等因素對身體活動則沒有直接的影響;及(五)社會支持和情意反應可透過自我效能變項間接影響身體活動。根據本研究發現,建議:(一)在規劃課程時,應介入正向的同儕影響力,增進女性青少年對身體活動的自我效能,以提升其身體活動量;及(二)設計有趣及符合學生程度的體育課程,讓學生從中獲得成就感,對身體活動有較多的正面的情意反應,增加知覺利益,降低知覺障礙,進而促進從事規律身體活動的習慣。
    關鍵詞:健康促進模式、社會支持、情意反應、自我效能、知覺利益、
    知覺障礙

    This study, was based on Pender’s Health Promotion Model (1996), to nvestigate physical activity and its determinants among female adolescents. A survey with structured uestionnaires was administered to 501 students of two senior high schools and two vocational high schools located in northern Taiwan. Pearson’s correlations, t–tests, and linear multiple regressions were used. The study findings were as
    followed: (1) 77.3% of respondents do not have regular leisure time physical activity among the female adolescents; (2) the relationship of social support, affective response, self-fficacy, perceived benefits, and perceived barriers are significantly correlated with physical activity; however, competing demands was not significantly correlated with physical activity; (3) female adolescents with higher self-efficacy, higher perceived benefits, and lower perceived barriers toward physical activity report significant more physical activity than those in the other groups; and no significant difference was found in social support, affective response, and competing demands between high and low groups; (4) the only significant direct effect on physical activity
    is self-efficacy; however, social support, affective response, perceived benefits, and perceived barriers did not have direct effects on physical activity ; and (5) social support and affective response had indirect effects on physical activity through self-efficacy. According to the findings, the following suggestions were made: (1) To promote physical activity level, the positive influences of peers should be designed in physical activity programs , so that female adolescents’ self-efficacy can be improved. (2) Interesting and appropriate activities should be designed to lead to a state of positive affective response, increasing perceived benefits and reducing perceived
    barriers; as result, physical activity can be promoted.
    Key words: Health Promotion Model, social support,
    affective response, self-efficacy, perceived
    benefit, perceived barrier.

    授權書………………………………………………………………..i 口試委員與系主任簽字證書…………………………….……….iii 中文摘要…………………………………………..……………...iv 英文摘要…………………………………………………………....v 謝誌……………………………………………………….……….vii 目次……………………………………………………………….viii 圖/表次…………………………………………………………...xii 第壹章、緒論…………………………………………………………1 第一節 問題背景…………………………………………………….1 第二節 研究架構…………………………………………………….7 第三節 研究目的與假說…………………………………………….8 第四節 名詞解釋…………………………………………………..10 第五節 研究限制……………………………………………………11 第六節 研究的重要性……………………………………………..12 第貳章 理論基礎與文獻探討……………………………………..13 第一節 理論基礎…………………………………………………..13 第二節 身體活動決定因素相關文獻之探討……………………..19 第三節 本章總結…………………………………………………..27 第參章、研究方法與步驟………………………………………….29 第一節 研究對象……………………………………….………….29 第二節 研究工具………………………………….……………….30 第三節 研究步驟……………………………………………………35 第四節 資料處理……………………………………………………37 第肆章、結果……………………………………………………….40 第一節 研究對象的背景資料…………………………………….40 第二節 身體活動與健康促進模式各變項之相關性…………….42 第三節 健康促進模式各變項對身體活動參與程度的影響…...44 第四節 健康促進模式各變項對身體活動行為的直接影響力….46 第五節 社會支持和情意反應對身體活動行為的間接影響力….50 第伍章、討論……………………………………………..……….54 第一節 研究對象參與身體活動狀況…………………………….54 第二節 身體活動與健康促進模式各變項之相關性…………….56 第三節 健康促進模式各變項對身體活動參與程度的影響.....62 第四節 健康促進模式各變項對身體活動行為的直接影響力….64 第五節 社會支持和情意反應對身體活動行為的間接影響力….66 第陸章、結論與建議……………………………………………….68 第一節 結論……………………………………………………...68 第二節 應用與建議 ……………………………………………..69 參考文獻…………………………………………………………….72 中文部分…………………………………………………………...72 西文部分…………………………………………………………….75 附錄………………………………………………………………….87 附錄一 身體活動問卷作者同意函……………………………….88 附錄二 身體活動調查問卷……………………………………….89 附錄三 量表專家效度邀請函…………………………………….97 附錄四 量表專家效度神查同意函……………………………….99 附錄五 專家內容效度名單………………………………………100 附錄六 問卷專家效度修正概況表………………………………101 附錄七 徵求實驗參加者函………………………………………107 圖/表 次 圖1 女性青少年身體活動決定因素假定模式…………………….....8 圖2 身體活動行為迴歸模式標準化殘差直方圖………………..….47 圖3 身體活動行為迴歸模式標準化殘差常態機率圖..…………….48 圖4 健康促進模式對身體活動行為直接影響之模式 圖………………………………………………….…………….49 圖5 不同社會支持來源對年身體活動行為間接影響 模式圖……………………………………….………………….52 圖6 情意反應對身體活動行為間接影響模式圖…….……………...53 表1 身體活動問卷各分量表內部一致性分析結果…………………34 表2 身體活動問卷各分量表再側信度分析結果……………………35 表3 變項的計分方式及分數意義……………………………………37 表4 考驗各研究假說的統計方法一覽表……………………………39 表5 父親教育程度分佈情形…………………………………………41 表6 母親教育程度分佈情形…………………………………………41 表7 平均每日累積身體活動時間分佈情形…………………………42 表8 各變項的平均數、標準差及全距……………………………….43 表9 各變項間的皮爾森積差相關矩陣.……………………………..43 表10 各變項對身體活動影響程度之t考驗結果……………………45 表11 不同社會支持來源身體活動影響程度之t考 驗結果…………………………………………..……………46 表12 健康促進模式對身體活動行為預測力之複迴 歸摘要表………………………………………..……………49 表13 社會支持對自我效能預測力之直線迴歸摘要表………………………………………………….………….50 表14 不同社會支持來源對自我效能預測力之複迴 歸摘要表……………………………………………………..51 表15 情意反應自我效能預測力之直線迴歸摘要表……………...52

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