簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 賴婉玥
Lai, Wan-Yueh
論文名稱: 以聊天機器人實作培養學生運算思維
Using Chat-bot to help students learn Artificial Intelligence and Computational Thinking
指導教授: 吳正己
Wu, Cheng-Chih
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 資訊教育研究所
Graduate Institute of Information and Computer Education
論文出版年: 2018
畢業學年度: 106
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 80
中文關鍵詞: 人工智慧聊天機器人運算思維
英文關鍵詞: artificial intelligent, Chatbot, computational thinking
DOI URL: http://doi.org/10.6345/THE.NTNU.GICE.013.2018.F02
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:409下載:93
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 我國即將實施之十二年國民教育「科技」科目課綱,以運算思維為主軸,並 涵蓋人工智慧學習內容。本研究依據 Kolb 體驗式學習循環設計教學流程,並以 聊天機器人為素材,設計教材以幫助學生學習人工智慧概念,並培養運算思維能 力。設計之教材,包括「問答聊天機器人」、「關鍵字聊天機器人」、及「學習 式聊天機器人」等三個單元,學習內容包含課綱的「演算法」以及「資料表示、 處理及分析」等學習主題‧教材評估是以北部某公立高中之 86 名高二社會組學 生為對象,進行教學實驗,評估所設計之教材對學生學習成就、態度與運算思維 之影響。
    研究結果發現,本研究所發展的體驗式聊天機器人教材能有效幫助學生學習,提升學生學習電腦科學及人工智慧的興趣,以及提升學生運算思維能力。然而學生雖然能在學習單上展現正確的運算思維思考歷程,但學生要透過程式設計呈現其思考後的結果是有困難的,其原因可能在學生對於語法結構的不熟悉,建議未來類似之教材應加強程式語法說明,此外也建議未來能研究透過其他工具、軟體來教導高中生人工智慧,及研究選擇合適的運算思維能力之評量工具。

    A new secondary school (grades 7 to 12) computing curriculum will be implemented in Taiwan in 2019. Artificial intelligent (AI) is among one of the new learning contents in this curriculum. It is essential to develop learning activities to help students learn AI concepts at the present stage. This study intends to design learning activities of Chatbot for high school students to learn AI concepts, as well as algorithm and data representation of computational thinking (CT). The learning activities include three units: question and answer Chatbot, key-word Chatbot, and learning Chatbot. It is expected the learning activities could improve students’ achievement and attitudes toward learning AI concepts, as well as enhance their CT skills.
    Through our study, we found the learning material we elaborated do activate and improve the students on learning AI and computational thinking. In addition, we also found that CT was correlated with programming in our research. In the future, this study is looking forward to setting as a direction for computing curriculum in high school.

    摘要 ii Abstract iii 致謝 iv 目錄 vi 圖目錄 viii 表目錄 x 第一章 緒論 1 第一節 研究背景與動機 1 第二節 研究目的 3 第三節 名詞釋義 3 第二章 文獻探討 4 第一節 人工智慧概念與國際趨勢 4 第二節 人工智慧教學 8 第三節 資訊科技課綱 10 第四節 運算思維內涵 11 第三章 研究方法 13 第一節 研究設計與參與者 13 第二節 教學設計 14 第三節 研究工具 27 第四節 資料蒐集與分析 30 第五節 研究實施程序 31 第四章 結果與討論 32 第一節 結果 32 第二節 討論 47 第五章 結論與建議 53 第一節 結論 53 第二節 建議 56 參考文獻 59 附錄一 學習單(一) 65 附錄二 學習單(二) 67 附錄三 學習單(三) 69 附錄四 學習成就測驗 72 附錄五 態度問卷 74 附錄六 運算思維前測 76 附錄七 運算思維後測 78

    中華人民共和國教育部(2017)。普通高中信息技術課程標準。取自http://www.zgjsks.com/uploadfile/2018/0118/2018118191745.pdf
    日本文部科學省(2016)。平成28年版科学技術白書。取自http://www.mext.go.jp/b_menu/hakusho/html/hpaa201601/detail/1371168.htm
    王勛、凌雲、費玉蓮(2006)。人工智能原理及應用。海口:南海出版公司。
    王麗君(2010)。 體驗式遊戲策略與個別差異對初學者程式語言學習之探討。 臺灣師範大學資訊教育學系學位論文, 1-123。
    李宜諺(2018年2月23日)。2018十大人工智慧趨勢及議題。科技政策研究與資訊中心-科技產業資訊室。取自 http://iknow.stpi.narl.org.tw/Post/Read.aspx?PostID=14219
    拓墣產業研究院(2017)。人工智慧技術大躍進,智慧機器人商機無限。取自https://goo.gl/LL1puq
    林育慈、吳正己(2016)。運算思維與中小學資訊科技課程。國家教育研究院教育脈動電子期刊,6。取自https://pulse.naer.edu.tw/Home/TopicIndex2?insId=a62f5a36-fcc2-45c5-a3cb-f5f31a179c56&CurrentPage=2
    林哲宇(2010)。 ARCS 融入體驗式學習之學習活動中目標導向與教學策略對國小生電腦技能學習之影響。臺灣師範大學資訊教育學系學位論文, 1-122。
    科技部(2017)。人工智慧推動策略。取自 https://www.most.gov.tw/most/attachments/7ec20154-6378-404a-99f6-342a9c1e37d8
    科技部(2017)。人工智慧與仿生計算領域規劃。科技部工程科技推展平台-資訊工程/智慧計算學門。取自http://nas.takming.edu.tw/pluto/AI/AI_Plan.pdf
    科技部資訊學門(2010)。人工智慧領域學門規劃。取自http://nas.takming.edu.tw/pluto/AI/AI_Plan.pdf
    高敬元(2017年12月29日)。AI大爆發:生活中看得到的人工智慧殺手級應用。數位時代。取自https://www.bnext.com.tw/article/47636/3-killer-apps
    張庭瑜(2017, December 19)。人類別再怕被取代了,Gartner:2020年AI將創造230萬個職缺。數位時代。取自https://www.bnext.com.tw/article/47502/ai-replace-human-gartner
    教育部(2014)。十二年國民基本教育課程綱要總綱。取自http://12cur.naer.edu.tw/upload/files/96d4d3040b01f58da73f0a79755ce8c1.pdf
    教育部(2017)。人工智慧技術及應用人才培育計畫。取自https://www.edu.tw/News_Content.aspx?n=D33B55D537402BAA&s=8E0AD699C8A79256
    潘志傑(2009)。應用樂高機器人於人工智慧教育之教案設計、教學評量及支援教學平台輔助工具開發之研究‧國立屏東科技大學碩士學位論文,1-117。
    賴志遠(2017年9月29日)。人工智慧商業化發展。科技政策觀點。取自 https://portal.stpi.narl.org.tw/index/article/10340
    謝榕(2017)。人工智能的國際化-多元化創新教學模式。計算機教育,6,165-170。
    謝榕、李霞(2014)。人工智能課程教學案例庫建設及案例教學實踐。計算機教育,19,93-97。
    鍾欣宜(2017)。「中國製造2025」初探。經濟研究,17,346-371。
    騰訊研究院(2017)。2017全球人工智慧人才白皮書。取自http://www.tisi.org/Public/Uploads/file/20171201/20171201151555_24517.pdf
    ACARA. (2013). Draft Australian Curriculum: Technologies. Retrieved from http://consultation.australiancurriculum.edu.au/Static/docs/Technologies/Draft%20Australian%20Curriculum%20Technologies%20-%20February%202013.pdf
    Barr, V., & Stephenson, C. (2011). Bringing computational thinking to K-12. ACM Inroads, 2(1), 48. doi:10.1145/1929887.1929905
    Beaver. (2016, July). The Chatbots Explainer. BI Intelligence. https://www.businessinsider.com/intelligence/research-store?IR=T&vertical=mobile#!/The-Chatbots-Explainer/p/68462345/
    Bebras國際運算思維挑戰賽。取自 http://bebras.csie.ntnu.edu.tw/about
    Brennan, K., & Resnick, M. (2012, April). New frameworks for studying and assessing the development of computational thinking. In Proceedings of the 2012 annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Vancouver, Canada (pp. 1-25).
    College Board. (2017). AP Computer Science Principles Course and Exam Description—2017. Retrieved from https://apcentral.collegeboard.org/pdf/ap-computer-science-principles-course-and-exam-description.pdf?course=ap-computer-science-principles
    CSTA & ISTE (2011). Operational Definition of Computational Thinking for K-12 Education. Retrieved from
    http://www.csteachers.org/resource/resmgr/CompThinkingFlyer.pdf?hhSearchTerms=%22computational+and+thinking%22
    CSTA (2011). CSTA K–12 Computer Science Standards. The ACM K-12 Education Task Force. Retrieved from https://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.csteachers.org/resource/resmgr/Docs/Standards/CSTA_K-12_CSS.pdf
    CSTA (2017). CSTA K-12 Computer Science Standards. Retrieved from https://www.csteachers.org/page/standards
    Department for Education in England (DOEE) (2013, September 11). National curriculum in England: Computing programmes of study. Retrieved from https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/national-curriculum-in-england-computing-programmes-of-study/national-curriculum-in-england-computing-programmes-of-study
    Domingos, Pedro (2015). The Master Algorithm: How the Quest for the Ultimate Learning Machine Will Remake Our World. New York: Basic Books.
    Gartner (2016). Gartner’s Top 10 Strategic Technology Trends for 2017. Retrieved from https://www.gartner.com/smarterwithgartner/gartners-top-10-technology-trends-2017/
    Gartner (2017). Gartner’s Top 10 Strategic Technology Trends for 2018. Retrieved from https://www.gartner.com/smarterwithgartner/gartners-top-10-technology-trends-2017/
    Gartner (2018). Gartner Says Global Artificial Intelligence Business Value to Reach $1.2 Trillion in 2018 Retrieved from https://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/3872933
    Google (2015). Exploring Computational Thinking. Retrieved from https://edu.google.com/resources/programs/exploring-computational-thinking/#!ct-overview
    GOV.UK (2017). Growing the artificial intelligence industry in the UK. Retrieved from https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/652097/Growing_the_artificial_intelligence_industry_in_the_UK.pdf
    Grover, S. & Pea, R. (2013). Computational Thinking in K–12: A Review of the State of the Field. Educational Researcher, 42(1), 38-43.
    IBM台灣(2017年7月14日)。臺北醫學大學導入 IBM Watson for Oncology。IBM新聞檔案。取自 https://www.ibm.com/news/tw/zh/2017/07/14/J056192N36524D95.html
    Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development. NJ: Prentice-Hall.
    Konak, A., Clark, T. K., & Nasereddin, M. (2014). Using Kolbs Experiential Learning Cycle to improve student learning in virtual computer laboratories. Computers & Education, 72, 11-22. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2013.10.0
    Kumar, A. N. (2001). Using robots in an undergraduate artificial intelligence course: an experience report. In Frontiers in Education Conference, 2001. 31st Annual (Vol. 2, pp. T4D-10). IEEE.
    Kumar, A. N. (2004). Three years of using robots in an artificial intelligence course: lessons learned. Journal on Educational Resources in Computing (JERIC), 4(3), 2.
    Kumar, D., & Meeden, L. (1998). A robot laboratory for teaching artificial intelligence. ACM SIGCSE Bulletin, 30(1), 341-344.
    McKinsey&Compny (2017). Artificial Intelligence: The Next Digital Frontier? Retrieved from https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/McKinsey/Industries/Advanced%20Electronics/Our%20Insights/How%20artificial%20intelligence%20can%20deliver%20real%20value%20to%20companies/MGI-Artificial-Intelligence-Discussion-paper.ashx
    Nielsen. (2015, June 11). So many apps, so much more time for entertainment. Retrieved from http://www.nielsen.com/us/en/insights/news/2015/so-many-apps-so-much-more-time-for-entertainment.html
    Poole, D. L., Mackworth, A. K., & Goebel, R. (1998). Computational intelligence: a logical approach (Vol. 1). New York: Oxford University Press.
    Russell, S. J., & Norvig, P. (2010). Artificial intelligence: a modern approach. USA; PearsonEducation,Inc.
    Sugarman, L. (1985). Kolbs Model of Experiential Learning: Touchstone for Trainers, Students, Counselors, and Clients. Journal of Counseling & Development, 64(4), 264-268. doi:10.1002/j.1556-6676.1985.tb01097.x
    Techtarget (2017, November). What is chatbot? - Definition from WhatIs.com. Retrieved from https://searchcrm.techtarget.com/definition/chatbot
    TransBiz. (2017). 聊天機器人Chatbot 如何應用?不可錯過的電商自動化行銷利器。取自https://transbiz.com.tw/%E8%81%8A%E5%A4%A9%E6%A9%9F%E5%99%A8%E4%BA%BAchatbot/
    US Executive Office of the President (EOPOTUS) (2016). Preparing for the future of artificial intelligence. Retrieved from https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/whitehouse_files/microsites/ostp/NSTC/preparing_for_the_future_of_ai.pdf
    US National Science and Technology (NSTC) (2016). The national artificial intelligence research and development strategic plan. Retrieved from https://www.nitrd.gov/pubs/national_ai_rd_strategic_plan.pdf
    Waymo (2018, June 14). Waymo’s early rider program, one year in. Retrieved from https://medium.com/waymo/waymos-early-rider-program-one-year-in-3a788f995a9c

    下載圖示
    QR CODE