研究生: |
黃豔喬 Yen-Chiao Huang |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
阿拉伯芥CIA2蛋白調節下游基因表現之分析 The regulatory expression of CIA2 downstream genes in Arabidopsis |
指導教授: |
孫智雯
Sun, Chih-Wen |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
生命科學系 Department of Life Science |
論文出版年: | 2007 |
畢業學年度: | 95 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 40 |
中文關鍵詞: | 轉運蛋白機組 、葉綠體核糖體蛋白基因 、染色質免疫沈澱實驗 、膠體電泳位移分析 |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:197 下載:8 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
在植物演化過程中,葉綠體將大多數基因已經轉送至植物細胞核內。因此葉綠體發育及執行正常功能皆受到細胞核基因調控。之前研究發現CIA2是一個轉錄因子,負責調節轉運蛋白機組基因atToc75和atToc33的表現,及調控葉綠體輸入蛋白質的效率。並由阿拉伯芥基因微矩陣晶片調查發現CIA2調節葉綠體分子伴侶蛋白CPN10以及葉綠體核糖體蛋白基因表現。為了要了解CIA2是否在植物細胞內直接調節這些下游基因表現,我們利用染色質免疫沈澱實驗來探討CIA2與否直接鍵結在下游基因啟動子上。實驗結果顯示,CIA2直接參與調控atToc33、atToc75-III、CPN10,及部分葉綠體核糖體蛋白RPL18、RPS6、及RPL15基因。而我們也利用生物資訊工具調查CIA2下游atToc33、atToc75-III、CPN10及葉綠體核糖體蛋白基因啟動子,結果發現兩個未知的順式作用元素CIARE1及CIARE2。由膠體電泳位移分析發現CIARE1 (CIA2-regulatory element)及CIARE2皆會與蛋白質結合。因此,染色質免疫沈澱實驗及膠體電泳位移分析結果進一步釐清CIA2參與調控下游基因的過程,並且幫助了解CIA2參與調控葉綠體發育相關之基因表現的途徑。
Bailey, T.L. and Gribskov, M. (1998). Methods and statistics for combining motif match scores. Journal of Computational Biology. 5, 211–221.
Baldwin, A., Wardle, A., Patel, R., Dudley, P., Park, S. K., Twell, D., Inoue, K., Jarvis, P. (2005). A molecular-genetic study of the Arabidopsis Toc75 gene family. Plant Physiol. 138, 715–33.
Ben-Naim, O., Eshed, R., Parnis, A., Teper-Bamnolker, P., Shalit, A., Coupland, G., Samach, A., Lifschitz, E. (2006). The CCAAT binding factor can mediate interactions between CONSTANS-like proteins and DNA. Plant J, 46, 462–76.
Chen, K., Chen, X., and Schnell, D.J. (2000). Mechanism of protein import across the chloroplast envelope. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 28, 485–491.
Cushman, J.C. (1995). Isolation of nuclei suitable for in vitro transcriptional studies. Methods in Cell Biol. 9, 113–17.
Fan, W.H and Dong, X.N. (2002). In vivo interaction between NPR1 and transcription factor TGA2 leads tosalicylic acid–mediated gene activation in Arabidopsis The Plant Cell. 14, 1377–1389.
Gendrel, A.V., Lippman,Z., Yordan, C., Colot, V., Martienssen, R.A. (2002). Science 297, 1871–1873.
Hiltbrunner, A., Bauer, J., Alvarez-Huerta, M., and Kessler, F. (2001). Protein translocon at the Arabidopsis outer chloroplast membrane. Biochem. Cell Biol. 79, 629–635.
Higo, K., Ugawa Y., Iwamoto M. nd Korenaga T. (1999). Plant cis-acting regulatory DNA elements PLACE database. Nucleic Acids Research. 27:297-300.
Inoue, K. and Potter, D. (2004). The chloroplastic protein translocation channel Toc75 and its paralog OEP80 represent two distinct protein families and are targeted to the chloroplastic outer envelope by different mechanisms. Plant J 39, 354–65.
Jarvis, P., Chen, L.J., Li H., Peto, C. A., Fankhauser, C., Chory, J. (1998). An Arabidopsis mutant defective in the plastid general protein import apparatus. Science 282, 100–103.
Jarvis, P., and Soll, J. (2002). Toc, Tic, and chloroplast protein import. Biochim. Biophys. 1590, 177–189.
Jarvis, P. and Robinson, C. (2004). Mechanisms of protein import and routing in chloroplasts Current Biology, 14, R1064–R1077.
Kessler, F. and Schnell, D. J. (2006). The function and diversity of plastid protein import pathways: a multilane GTPase highway into plastids. Traffic. 7, 248-57.
Laubinger, S., Marchal, V., Le Gourrierec, J., Wenkel, S., Adrian, J., Jang, S., Kulajta, C., Braun, H., Coupland, G., Hoecker, U. (2006). Arabidopsis SPA proteins regulate photoperiodic flowering and interact with the floral inducer CONSTANS to regulate its stability. Development 133, 3213–22.
Martin, W.and Rujan, T. (2002). Evolutionary analysis of Arabidopsis, cyanobacterial, and chloroplast genomes reveals plastid phylogeny and thousands of cyanobacterial genes in the nucleus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 99, 12246–51.
Nakamichi, N., Kita, M., Ito, S., Sato, E., Yamashino, T., Mizuno, T. (2005). The Arabidopsis pseudo-response regulators, PRR5 and PRR7, coordinately play essential roles for circadian clock function. Plant Cell Physiol. 46, 609–619.
Philippar, K., Geis T., Ilkavets, I., Oster, U., Schwenkert, S., Meurer J., Soll, J. (2007). Chloroplast biogenesis: The use of mutants to study the etioplast–chloroplast transition. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 104, 678–683.
Putterill, J., Robson, F., Lee, K., Simon, R., and Coupland, G. (1995). The CONSTANS gene of Arabidopsis promotes flowering and encodes a protein showing similarities to zinc-finger transcription factors. Cell 80, 847–857.
Reyes, J.C., Muro-Pastor, M.I., Florencio, F.J. (2004) The GATA family of transcription factors in Arabidopsis and rice. Plant Physiol, 134, 1718–32.
Reinbothe, S., Pollmann, S.,Springer, A., James, R. J., Tichtinsky, G., Reinbothe, C. (2005). A role of Toc33 in the protochlorophyllide- dependent plastid import pathway of NADPH:protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase (POR) A. Plant J 42, 1–12.
Reinbothe, C., Bartsch, S., Eggink, L. L., Hoober, J. K., Brusslan, J., Andrade-Paz, R., Monnet, J., Reinbothe, S.(2006) A role for chlorophyllide a oxygenase in the regulated import and stabilization of light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103, 4777–82.
Robson, F., Costa, M.M.R., Hepworth, S.R., Vizir, I., Pineiro, M., Reeves, P.H., Putterill, J., and Coupland, G. (2001). Functional importance of conserved domains in the flowering-time gene CONSTANS demonstrated by analysis of mutant alleles and transgenic plants. Plant J. 28, 619–631.
Salome, P.A., To, J.P.C., Kieber, J.J., and McClung, C.R. (2006). Arabidopsis response regulators ARR3 and ARR4 play cytokininindependent roles in the control of circadian period. Plant Cell 18, 55–69.
Seki, M., Narusaka, M., Kamiya, A., Ishida, J., Satou, M., Sakurai, T., Nakajima, M., Enju A., Akiyama, K., Oono Y., Muramatsu, M., Hayashizaki, Y., Kawai, J., Carninci, P., Itoh, M., Ishii, Y., Arakawa, T., Shibata, K., Shinagawa, A., and Shinozaki, K. (2002). Functional annotation of a full-length arabidopsis cDNA Collection. Science. 296, 141–145.
Shahmuradov, I.A., Gammerman,A. J., Hancock, J.M., Bramley P.M. and Solovyev,V.V. (2002). PlantProm: A Database of Plant Promoter Sequences. Nucleic Acids Research (in publication).
Shimizu, M., Ichikawa, K., and Aoki, S. (2004). Photoperiod-regulated expression of the PpCOL1 gene encoding a homolog of CO/COL proteins in the moss Physcomitrella patens. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 324, 1296–1301.
Soll, J. and Schleiff, E. (2004). Protein import into chloroplasts. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 5, 198–208.
Strayer, C., Oyama, T., Schultz, T.F., Raman, R., Somers, D.E., Mas, P., Panda, S., Kreps, J.A., and Kay, S.A. (2000). Cloning of the Arabidopsis clock gene TOC1, an autoregulatory response regulator homolog. Science 289, 768–771.
Sun, C.W., Chen, L.J., Lin, L.C., and Li, H.M. (2001). Leaf-specific upregulation of chloroplast translocon genes by a CCT Motif–containing protein, CIA2. The Plant Cell. 13, 2053–61.
Teng, Y.S., Su, Y.S., Chen, L.J., L, Y. J., Hwang, I., and Li, H.M. (2006). Tic21 is an essential translocon component for protein translocation across the chloroplast inner envelope membrane. The Plant Cell. 18, 2247–57.
Wang, W., Weaver, N.D., Kesarwani, M., Dong, X.N. (2005). Induction of protein secretory pathway is required for systemic acquired resistance. Science. 308, 1036–40.
Wenkel, S., Turck, F., Singer, K., Gissot, L., Le Gourrierec, J., Samach, A., Coupland, G. (2006). CONSTANS and the CCAAT box binding complex share a functionally important domain and interact to regulate flowering of Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 18, 2971–84.
Yan, L.L., Loukoianov, A., Blechl, A., Tranquilli, G., Ramakrishna, W., SanMiguel, P., Bennetzen, J.L., Echenique, V., and Dubcovsky, J. (2004). The wheat VRN2 gene is a flowering repressor down-regulated by vernalization. Science 303, 1640–1644.
Zobell, O., Coupland, G., and Reiss, B. (2005). The family of CONSTANS-like genes in Physcomitrella patens. Plant Biol. 7, 266–275.