簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 蕭信宇
Hsiao, Hsin-Yu
論文名稱: 獨特性目的地旅遊與活動、線上評論論述品質與促銷方式對消費者行為之影響
The Effect of Unique Tours and Activities, Argument Quality of Online Reviews, and Promotional Strategies on Consumer Behavior
指導教授: 林慧斐
Lin, Hui-Fei
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 大眾傳播研究所
Graduate Institute of Mass Communication
論文出版年: 2020
畢業學年度: 108
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 164
中文關鍵詞: 目的地旅遊平台目的地旅遊與活動獨特性線上評論論述品質促銷方式推敲可能性模式感知價值
英文關鍵詞: Local tour platform, Tours and activities, Uniqueness, Online reviews, Argument quality, Promotional strategies, Elaboration Likelihood Model, Perceived Value
DOI URL: http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202000085
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:342下載:66
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 旅遊行程的獨特性及多樣性,成為了旅遊消費者給予業者的一大難題。近年來旅遊相關的線上平台愈來愈多,旅遊產品不再只是傳統旅行社所推出的套裝旅遊行程,而是變成單一且零碎的旅遊活動,消費者可以依照自己的興趣,拼湊成專屬自己獨一無二的旅遊行程。因此有業者以獨特性旅遊為賣點,設計出專門販售單一旅遊活動的「目的地旅遊平台」,本研究以該平台為研究背景,採2(目的地旅遊與活動類型:高度獨特屬性 vs. 低度獨特屬性)x 2(線上評論論述品質:強論述 vs. 弱論述)x 2(促銷方式:價格促銷 vs. 非價格促銷)三因子組間實驗設計,探討三者在目的地旅遊與活動平台的環境下,對於消費者行為與態度的影響,以及感知價值在自變項(目的地旅遊與活動類型、線上評論論述品質、促銷方式)與依變項(產品態度、購買意願、口碑推薦意願)之間的中介效果。
    本研究結果證實:(1)相較於低度獨特屬性的目的地旅遊與活動,高度獨特屬性的目的地旅遊與活動會使消費者產生較佳的消費者行為;(2)線上評論中,相較於弱論述評論,強論述評論會使消費者產生較佳的消費者行為;(3)對瀏覽弱論述線上評論的消費者而言,採用價格促銷,消費者在產品態度與購買意願上會有較佳的行為;(4)對瀏覽強論述線上評論的消費者而言,低度獨特性的目的地旅遊與活動,採用價格促銷,消費者在產品態度與口碑推薦意願上會有較佳的行為;(5)感知價值在目的地旅遊與活動、促銷方式與消費者行為之間具有中介效果,在線上評論論述品質之間則無。

    The uniqueness and diversity of tourism itineraries have become a major problem for consumers in the tourism industry. In recent years, tourism online platforms keep expanding rapidly. The travel products are no longer just travel itineraries package launched by conventional travel agencies but become a single and fragmented travel activity. The consumers can choose and combine their unique travel itineraries according to their interests. Consequently, some businesses use unique tourism as a selling point to design a "local tour platform" that specializes in selling single tourism activity. This research utilizes this platform as the research background with two (Tours and activities type: high-unique tours and activities vs. low-unique tours and activities) x two (Argument quality of online reviews: strong argument quality vs. weak argument quality) x two (Promotional strategies: price-oriented promotions vs. non-price-oriented promotions), these three factors between-subject of experimental design was conducted to observe if the compatibility among tours and activities type, argument quality of online reviews, and promotional strategies could affect consumer behavior and attitude. Besides, it also tends to examine if the perceived value arbitrates the relationship between tours and activities type with consumer behavior, argument quality of online reviews with consumer behavior, and promotional strategies with consumer behavior.
    The result of this research shows that:(1) compared to the low-unique tours and activities, high-unique tours and activities leads to a better consumer behavior; (2) compared to the weak argument quality, strong argument quality in the online reviews leads to a better consumer behavior; (3) concerning weak argument quality in online reviews, the usage of price-oriented promotions will have better behaviors on product attitude and purchase intention; (4) with regard to high argument quality in online reviews and low-unique tours and activities, the usage of price-oriented promotions will have better behaviors on product attitude and word-of-mouth intention; (5) perceived value is a significant factor mediating the relationship between the tours and activities with the consumer behavior, so do the promotion strategies and the consumer behavior. However, there is no significant factor in resolving the relationship between the argument quality of online reviews with consumer behavior.

    謝誌 i 摘要 iv Abstract v 目錄 vii 表目錄 xii 圖目錄 xvi 第壹章 緒論 1 第一節、研究背景、動機與目的 1 第二節、研究問題 6 第貳章 文獻探討 7 第一節、線上旅遊平台 7 一、線上旅遊平台發展與定義 7 二、小結 10 第二節、目的地旅遊與活動 11 一、目的地旅遊與活動與線上平台 11 二、目的地旅遊與活動之獨特屬性定義 13 三、小結 17 第三節、推敲可能性模式 18 一、推敲可能性模式之發展與定義 18 二、小結:推敲可能性模式與目的地旅遊與活動平台 20 第四節、論述品質 21 一、論述品質之發展與定義 21 二、小結 23 第五節、促銷方式 24 一、促銷之定義與分類 24 二、促銷方式與旅遊產品 27 三、小結 28 第六節、感知價值 29 一、感知價值之定義 29 二、感知價值之衡量方式 31 三、小結 33 第七節、假設推導 34 一、獨特屬性和產品態度、購買意願、口碑推薦意願的關係 34 二、論述品質和產品態度、購買意願、口碑推薦意願的關係 35 三、促銷方式和產品態度、購買意願、口碑推薦意願的關係 37 四、獨特屬性與論述品質的交互關係 39 五、獨特屬性與促銷方式的交互關係 40 六、論述品質與促銷方式的交互關係 42 七、獨特屬性、論述品質與促銷方式的交互關係 43 八、感知價值之中介效果 44 第參章 研究方法 47 第一節、研究架構 47 第二節、實驗設計與刺激物 48 一、實驗設計 48 二、自變項的定義與操弄 49 第三節、前測:自變項操弄檢定 52 一、自變項測量問項 52 二、第一次前測 54 三、修正:第一次前測刺激物 63 四、第二次前測 65 五、修正:第二次前測刺激物與問卷內容 75 第四節、依變項與中介變項測量 77 一、依變項 77 二、中介變項 79 第五節、主實驗刺激物呈現與實驗程序 80 一、主實驗刺激物之呈現 80 二、實驗程序 82 第肆章 研究結果 83 第一節、樣本結構與敘述統計 83 第二節、信度分析 87 第三節、正式實驗之操弄檢定 88 一、目的地旅遊與活動類型操弄檢定結果 88 二、線上評論論述品質操弄檢定結果 89 三、促銷方式操弄檢定結果 89 第四節、研究假設之驗證 91 一、目的地旅遊與活動類型對消費者行為之影響 93 二、線上評論論述品質對消費者行為之影響 94 三、促銷方式對消費者行為之影響 95 四、目的地旅遊與活動類型、線上評論論述品質對消費者行為之影響 96 五、目的地旅遊與活動類型、促銷方式對消費者行為之影響 97 六、線上評論論述品質、促銷方式對消費者行為之影響 98 七、目的地旅遊與活動類型、線上評論論述品質及促銷方式對消費者行為之影響 99 八、中介效果 101 第五節、研究假設檢定結果 118 第伍章 結論與建議 122 第一節、研究發現與討論 122 一、高度獨特屬性的目的地旅遊與活動,對消費者行為有較佳的影響 122 二、線上評論當中,「強論述」評論相較於「弱論述」評論會使消費者產生較佳的消費者行為 123 三、目的地旅遊與活動類型、線上評論論述品質對消費者行為的影響 124 四、不論哪種目的地旅遊與活動類型,搭配「價格促銷」或「非價格促銷」,對消費者行為皆不會產生影響 125 五、對瀏覽弱論述線上評論的消費者而言,搭配價格促銷會產生較正面的產品態度與較強的購買意願 126 六、目的地旅遊與活動類型、線上評論論述品質與促銷方式,對消費者行為的交互作用影響 128 七、感知價值在「目的地旅遊與活動類型」及「促銷方式」對消費者行為的影響中具有中介效果,但在「線上評論論述品質」之中則無 129 第二節、學術貢獻與實務建議 131 一、學術貢獻 131 二、實務建議 131 第三節、研究限制 133 一、旅遊產品設定之限制 133 二、產品價格設定之限制 133 三、論述品質強弱之限制 134 第四節、未來研究方向與建議 135 一、線上評論設定之建議 135 二、探討其他線上評論操弄方式是否會有不同影響 135 三、在獨特性目的地旅遊與活動中,加入社群相關元素進行探討 136 四、嘗試以其他類別去探討獨特性目的地旅遊與活動 137 參考文獻 138 英文文獻 138 中文文獻 155 附錄一:前測問卷(修正後) 159 附錄二:主實驗問卷 161

    英文文獻
    Aaker, D. A.(1973). Toward a normative model of promotional decision making. Management Science, 19(6), 593-603.
    Alcántara-Pilar, J. M., Blanco-Encomienda, F. J., Armenski, T., & Del Barrio-García, S. (2018). The antecedent role of online satisfaction, perceived risk online, and perceived website usability on the affect towards travel destinations. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 9, 20-35.
    Ali, F., Ryu, K., & Hussain, K.(2016). Influence of experiences on memories, satisfaction and behavioral intentions: A study of creative tourism. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 33(1), 85-100.
    American Marketing Association.(1960). Marketing Definitions: A Glossary of Marketing Terms. Chicago, American Marketing Association.
    Archak, N., Ghose, A., & Ipeirotis, P. G.(2011). Deriving the pricing power of product features by mining consumer reviews. Management Science, 57(8): 1485-1509.
    Asadullah, A., Kankanhalli, A., & Faik, I.(2018, June). Understanding Users’ Intention to Verify Content on Social Media Platforms. PACIS 2018 Proceedings, Japan.
    Banerjee, P. J., Tripathi, S., & Sahay, A.(2016). When less is better than more: Just-below discount in tensile price promotions. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 31, 93-102.
    Bee, C., & Dalakas, V.(2015). Rivalries and sponsor affiliation: Examining the effects of social identity and argument strength on responses to sponsorship-related advertising messages. Journal of Marketing Communications, 21(6), 408-424.
    Bhattacherjee, A., & Sanford, C.(2006). Influence processes for information technology acceptance: An elaboration likelihood model. MIS quarterly, 805-825.
    Björk, P., & Kauppinen-Räisänen, H.(2014). Culinary-gastronomic tourism–a search for local food experiences. Nutrition & Food Science, 44(4), 294-309.
    Blattberg, R. C., & Neslin, S. A.(1990). Sales promotion: Concepts, methods, and strategies. State of Michigan, MI: University of Michigan.
    Blom, A., Lange, F., & Hess Jr, R. L.(2017). Omnichannel-based promotions’ effects on purchase behavior and brand image. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 39, 286-295.
    Boo, S., & Busser, J. A.(2018). Meeting planners' online reviews of destination hotels: A twofold content analysis approach. Tourism Management, 66, 287-301.
    Brightlocal(2019)Local Consumer Review Survey 2019. Retrieved from https://www.brightlocal.com/research/local-consumer-review-survey/
    Brown, A., Kappes, J., & Marks, J.(2013). Mitigating theme park crowding with incentives and information on mobile devices. Journal of Travel Research, 52(4), 426-436.
    Bruwer, J., & Rueger-Muck, E.(2018). Wine tourism and hedonic experience: A motivation-based experiential view. Tourism and Hospitality Research. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1177/1467358418781444.
    Buil, I., De Chernatony, L., & Martinez, E.(2013). Examining the role of advertising and sales promotions in brand equity creation. Journal of Business Research, 66(1), 115-122.
    Büttner, O. B., Florack, A., & Göritz, A. S.(2015). How shopping orientation influences the effectiveness of monetary and nonmonetary promotions. European Journal of Marketing, 49(1/2), 170-189.
    Byun, J., & Jang, S. S.(2015). Effective promotions for membership subscriptions and renewals to tourist attractions: Discount vs. bonus. Tourism Management, 50, 194-203.
    Campbell, L., & Diamond, W. D. (1990). Framing and Sales Promotions: The Characteristics of a ″Good Deal ″. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 7(4), 25-31.
    Cassia, F., Magno, F., & Ugolini, M.(2015). The perceived effectiveness of social couponing campaigns for hotels in Italy. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 27(7), 1598-1617.
    Chandon, P., Wansink, B., & Laurent, G.(2000). A benefit congruency framework of sales promotion effectiveness. Journal of marketing, 64(4), 65-81.
    Chandralal, L., Rindfleish, J., & Valenzuela, F.(2015). An application of travel blog narratives to explore memorable tourism experiences. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 20(6), 680-693.
    Chang, H. H., & Wu, L. H.(2014). An examination of negative e-WOM adoption: Brand commitment as a moderator. Decision Support Systems, 59, 206-218.
    Chang, R. C., & Mak, A. H.(2018). Understanding gastronomic image from tourists’ perspective: A repertory grid approach. Tourism Management, 68, 89-100.
    Chang, S.(2018). Experience economy in hospitality and tourism: Gain and loss values for service and experience. Tourism Management, 64, 55-63.
    Chang, Y. W., Hsu, P. Y., & Lan, Y. C.(2019). Cooperation and competition between online travel agencies and hotels. Tourism Management, 71, 187-196.
    Chang, Y. W., Hsu, P. Y., & Yang, Q. M.(2018). Integration of online and offline channels: a view of O2O commerce. Internet Research, 28(4), 926-945.
    Chen, C. C., & Yao, J. Y.(2018). What drives impulse buying behaviors in a mobile auction? The perspective of the Stimulus-Organism-Response model. Telematics and Informatics, 35(5), 1249-1262.
    Chen, C. D., & Ku, E. C. S. (2013). Bridging indistinct relationships and online loyalty: evidence from online interest-based communities. Online Information Review, 37(5), 731-751.
    Chen, Q., & Huang, R.(2016). Understanding the importance of food tourism to Chongqing, China. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 22(1), 42-54.
    Cheng, V. T., & Loi, M. K.(2014). Handling negative online customer reviews: the effects of elaboration likelihood model and distributive justice. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 31(1), 1-15.
    Cheng, Y. H., & Ho, H. Y.(2015). Social influence's impact on reader perceptions of online reviews. Journal of Business Research, 68(4), 883-887.
    Cheung, C. M., & Thadani, D. R.(2012). The impact of electronic word-of-mouth communication: A literature analysis and integrative model. Decision support systems, 54(1), 461-470.
    Chevalier, J. A., and Mayzlin, D.(2006). The effect of word of mouth on sales: Online book reviews. Journal of Marketing Research, 43(3): 345-354.
    Chitturi, R.(2009). Emotions by design: A consumer perspective. International Journal of Design, 3(2), 7-17.
    Choi, M., Law, R., & Heo, C. Y.(2017). An Investigation of the Perceived Value of Shopping Tourism. Journal of Travel Research, 57(7), 962-980.
    Chong, A. Y. L., Khong, K. W., Ma, T., McCabe, S., & Wang, Y.(2018). Analyzing key influences of tourists’ acceptance of online reviews in travel decisions. Internet Research, 28(3), 564-586.
    Chua, B. L., Lee, S., & Han, H.(2017). Consequences of cruise line involvement: a comparison of first-time and repeat passengers. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 29(6), 1658-1683.
    Couture, A., Arcand, M., Sénécal, S., & Ouellet, J. F. (2015). The influence of tourism innovativeness on online consumer behavior. Journal of Travel Research, 54(1), 66-79.
    Cui, G., Lui, H. K., & Guo, X.(2012). The effect of online consumer reviews on new product sales. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 17(1): 39-57.
    Cyr, D., Head, M., Lim, E., & Stibe, A.(2018). Using the elaboration likelihood model to examine online persuasion through website design. Information & Management, 55(7), 807-821.
    Dai, B., Forsythe, S., & Kwon, W. S.(2014). The impact of online shopping experience on risk perceptions and online purchase intentions: does product category matter?. Journal of Electronic Commerce Research, 15(1), 13.
    Davidson J. H.(1987). Offensive Marketing:How to Make Your Competitors Follow, 2nd ed. England:Gower Publishing Company Limited.
    Dedeoglu, B. B., Bilgihan, A., Ye, B. H., Buonincontri, P., & Okumus, F.(2018). The impact of servicescape on hedonic value and behavioral intentions: The importance of previous experience. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 72, 10-20.
    Dhar, R., & Wertenbroch, K.(2000). Consumer choice between hedonic and utilitarian goods. Journal of marketing research, 37(1), 60-71.
    Dholakia, U. M. (2000). Temptation and resistance: An integrated model of consumption impulse formation and enactment. Psychology & Marketing, 17(11), 955-982.
    Dickson, P. R., & Sawyer, A. G.(1990). The price knowledge and search of supermarket shoppers. The Journal of Marketing, 42-53.
    Dodds, W. B., & Monroe, K. B.(1985). The effect of brand and price information on subjective product evaluations. ACR North American Advances, 12, 85-90.
    Dong, X., & Li, H.(2018). Does online media sequence matter in product marketing?. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 28, 44-53.
    Eid, R., & El-Gohary, H.(2015). Muslim tourist perceived value in the hospitality and tourism industry. Journal of Travel Research, 54(6), 774-787.
    Erkan, I., & Evans, C.(2016). The influence of eWOM in social media on consumers’ purchase intentions: An extended approach to information adoption. Computers in Human Behavior, 61, 47-55.
    Fang, B., Ye, Q., Kucukusta, D., & Law, R.(2016). Analysis of the perceived value of online tourism reviews: Influence of readability and reviewer characteristics. Tourism Management, 52, 498-506.
    Filieri, R.(2015). What makes online reviews helpful? A diagnosticity-adoption framework to explain informational and normative influences in e-WOM. Journal of Business Research, 68(6), 1261-1270.
    Filieri, R., & McLeay, F.(2014). E-WOM and accommodation: An analysis of the factors that influence travelers’ adoption of information from online reviews. Journal of Travel Research, 53(1), 44-57.
    Filieri, R., & McLeay, F.(2014). E-WOM and accommodation: An analysis of the factors that influence travelers’ adoption of information from online reviews. Journal of Travel Research, 53(1), 44-57.
    Flavián, C., Gurrea, R., & Orús, C.(2016). Choice confidence in the webrooming purchase process: The impact of online positive reviews and the motivation to touch. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 15(5), 459-476.
    Fu, X., Lei, Z., Wang, K., & Yan, J.(2015). Low cost carrier competition and route entry in an emerging but regulated aviation market–The case of China. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 79, 3-16.
    Fu, Y., Liu, X., Wang, Y., & Chao, R. F.(2018). How experiential consumption moderates the effects of souvenir authenticity on behavioral intention through perceived value. Tourism Management, 69, 356-367.
    Gabler, C. B., Landers, V. M., & Reynolds, K. E.(2017). Purchase decision regret: Negative consequences of the Steadily Increasing Discount strategy. Journal of Business Research, 76, 201-208.
    Gardiner, S., & Scott, N.(2018). Destination Innovation Matrix: A framework for new tourism experience and market development. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 10, 122-131.
    Ghafari, M., Ranjbarian, B., & Fathi, S.(2017). Developing a brand equity model for tourism destination. International Journal of Business Innovation and Research, 12(4), 484-507.
    Grewal, D., Monroe, K. B., & Krishnan, R.(1998). The effects of price-comparison advertising on buyers' perceptions of acquisition value, transaction value, and behavioral intentions. The Journal of Marketing, 46-59.
    Guha, A., Biswas, A., Grewal, D., Verma, S., Banerjee, S., & Nordfält, J.(2018). Reframing the Discount as a Comparison Against the Sale Price: Does It Make the Discount More Attractive?. Journal of Marketing Research, 55(3), 339-351.
    Henderson, I. L., Avis, M., & Tsui, W. H. K.(2018). Testing discontinuous innovations in the tourism industry: The case of scenic airship services. Tourism Management, 66, 167-179.
    Hlee, S., Lee, J., Yang, S. B., & Koo, C.(2016). An empirical examination of online restaurant reviews (Yelp. com): Moderating roles of restaurant type and self-image disclosure. In Information and communication technologies in tourism 2016,339-353.
    Hu, X. S., & Yang, Y.(2019). Determinants of consumers’ choices in hotel online searches: A comparison of consideration and booking stages.International Journal of Hospitality, Advance online publication.doi:10.1016/j.ijhm.2019.102370
    Huang, M., Ali, R., & Liao, J.(2017). The effect of user experience in online games on word of mouth: A pleasure-arousal-dominance (PAD) model perspective. Computers in Human Behavior, 75, 329-338.
    Hussain, S., Guangju, W., Jafar, R. M. S., Ilyas, Z., Mustafa, G., & Jianzhou, Y.(2018). Consumers' online information adoption behavior: Motives and antecedents of electronic word of mouth communications. Computers in Human Behavior, 80, 22-32.
    Hwang, J., Park, S., & Woo, M.(2018). Understanding user experiences of online travel review websites for hotel booking behaviours: an investigation of a dual motivation theory. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 23(4), 359-372.
    Hwang, K., & Zhang, Q.(2018). Influence of Parasocial Relationship Between Digital Celebrities and Their Followers on Followers’ Purchase and Electronic Word-of-Mouth Intentions, and persuasion knowledge. Computers in Human Behavior, 87 , 155-173.
    Inman, J. J., McAlister, L., & Hoyer, W. D. (1990). Promotion signal: proxy for a price cut?. Journal of consumer research, 17(1), 74-81.
    Jabr, W., & Zheng, Z. E.(2014). Know yourself and know your enemy: An analysis of firm recommendations and consumer reviews in a competitive environment. MIS Quarterly, 38(3): 635-654.
    Jang, S., & Moutinho, L.(2019). Do price promotions drive consumer spending on luxury hotel services? The moderating roles of room price and user-generated content. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 78, 27-35.
    Ji, M., Wong, I. A., Eves, A., & Scarles, C.(2016). Food-related personality traits and the moderating role of novelty-seeking in food satisfaction and travel outcomes. Tourism Management, 57, 387-396.
    Jiang, K., Luk, S. T. K., & Cardinali, S.(2018). The role of pre-consumption experience in perceived value of retailer brands: Consumers' experience from emerging markets. Journal of Business Research, 86, 374-385.
    Jin, N., Lee, S., & Lee, H.(2015). The effect of experience quality on perceived value, satisfaction, image and behavioral intention of water park patrons: New versus repeat visitors. International Journal of Tourism Research, 17(1), 82-95.
    Kao, T. F., & Du, Y. Z.(2020). A study on the influence of green advertising design and environmental emotion on advertising effect. Journal of Cleaner Production, 242, 118294.
    Karray, S., Martín-Herrán, G., & Sigué, S. P.(2017). Cooperative advertising for competing manufacturers: The impact of long-term promotional effects. International Journal of Production Economics, 184, 21-32.
    Kastenholz, E., Eusébio, C., & Carneiro, M. J.(2016). Purchase of local products within the rural tourist experience context. Tourism Economics, 22(4), 729-748.
    Kim, J. H. (2017). The impact of memorable tourism experiences on loyalty behaviors: The mediating effects of destination image and satisfaction. Journal of Travel Research, 57(7),856-870.
    Kim, J. H.(2014). The antecedents of memorable tourism experiences: The development of a scale to measure the destination attributes associated with memorable experiences. Tourism management, 44, 34-45.
    Kim, J. H., & Min, D.(2016). Designing Customer-Oriented Non-Monetary Promotions in the Tourism Industry. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 33(2), 184-196.
    Kim, J. H., & Ritchie, J. B.(2014). Cross-cultural validation of a memorable tourism experience scale (MTES). Journal of Travel Research, 53(3), 323-335.
    Kim, J. H., Ritchie, J. B., & McCormick, B.(2012). Development of a scale to measure memorable tourism experiences. Journal of Travel Research, 51(1), 12-25.
    Kim, K., Baek, C., & Lee, J. D.(2018). Creative destruction of the sharing economy in action: The case of Uber. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 110, 118-127.
    Kim, K., Park, O. J., Yun, S., & Yun, H.(2017). What makes tourists feel negatively about tourism destinations? Application of hybrid text mining methodology to smart destination management. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 123, 362-369.
    Kim, M. J., Chung, N., Lee, C. K., & Preis, M. W.(2016). Dual-route of persuasive communications in mobile tourism shopping. Telematics and Informatics, 33(2), 293-308.
    Kim, S. B., Kim, D. Y., & Wise, K.(2014). The effect of searching and surfing on recognition of destination images on Facebook pages. Computers in Human Behavior, 30, 813-823.
    Kim, W. G., & Park, S. A.(2017). Social media review rating versus traditional customer satisfaction: Which one has more incremental predictive power in explaining hotel performance?. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 29(2), 784-802.
    Kimes, S. E.(2016). The evolution of hotel revenue management. Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management, 15(3-4), 247-251.
    Kivetz, R., & Zheng, Y.(2017). The effects of promotions on hedonic versus utilitarian purchases. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 27(1), 59-68.
    Kotler, P.(2000). Marketing Management, Millenium Edition. State of Michigan, MI: University of Michigan.
    Ladhari, R., & Michaud, M.(2015). eWOM effects on hotel booking intentions, attitudes, trust, and website perceptions. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 46, 36-45.
    Lai, M. Y., Khoo-Lattimore, C., & Wang, Y.(2018). A perception gap investigation into food and cuisine image attributes for destination branding from the host perspective: The case of Australia. Tourism Management, 69, 579-595.
    Le Chi, C.(2016). A formative model of the relationship between destination quality, tourist satisfaction and intentional loyalty: an empirical test in Vietnam. Journal of hospitality and tourism management, 26, 50-62.
    Lee, E. J., & Shin, S. Y.(2014). When do consumers buy online product reviews? Effects of review quality, product type, and reviewer’s photo. Computers in Human Behavior, 31, 356-366.
    Lee, J., Park, D. H., & Han, I.(2008). The effect of negative online consumer reviews on product attitude: An information processing view. Electronic commerce research and applications, 7(3), 341-352.
    Lee, S. H.(2016). How hotel managers decide to discount room rates: A conjoint analysis. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 52, 68-77.
    Lee, S. H., Croes, R., & Rivera, M.(2015). Exploring the role of human judgment in making discount decisions in the lodging industry. The Journal of Hospitality Financial Management, 23(1), 45-62.
    Lee, S., Bruwer, J., & Song, H.(2017). Experiential and involvement effects on the Korean wine tourist's decision-making process. Current Issues in Tourism, 20(12), 1215-1231.
    Li, Y. W., Yang, S. M., & Liang, T. P. (2015). Website interactivity and promotional framing on consumer attitudes toward online advertising: Functional versus symbolic brands. Pacific Asia Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 7(2), 41-57.
    Lin, L., & Mao, P. C.(2015). Food for memories and culture–A content analysis study of food specialties and souvenirs. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 22, 19-29.
    Lin, V. S., Yang, Y., & Li, G.(2018). Where Can Tourism-Led Growth and Economy-Driven Tourism Growth Occur?. Journal of Travel Research. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1177/0047287518773919.
    Liu, C. R., Wang, Y. C., Huang, W. S., & Chen, S. P.(2017). Destination fascination: Conceptualization and scale development. Tourism Management, 63, 255-267.
    Liu, W., & Ji, R.(2018). Examining the Role of Online Reviews in Chinese Online Group Buying Context: The Moderating Effect of Promotional Marketing. Social Sciences, 7(8), 141.
    Long, L.(2004). Culinary tourism. Lexington, KY: The University Press of Kentucky.
    Lu, X., Ba, S., Huang, L., & Feng, Y.(2013). Promotional marketing or word-of-mouth? Evidence from online restaurant reviews. Information Systems Research, 24(3), 596-612.
    Mak, B., Schmitt, B. H., & Lyytinen, K.(1997). User participation in knowledge update of expert systems. Information & Management, 32(2), 55-63.
    Mao, Z., & Lyu, J.(2017). Why travelers use Airbnb again? An integrative approach to understanding travelers’ repurchase intention. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 29(9), 2464-2482.
    Mason, M. C., & Paggiaro, A.(2012). Investigating the role of festivalscape in culinary tourism: The case of food and wine events. Tourism management, 33(6), 1329-1336.
    Mela, C. F., Gupta, S., & Lehmann, D. R.(1997). The long-term impact of promotion and advertising on consumer brand choice. Journal of Marketing research, 248-261.
    Mittal, S., Sondhi, N., & Chawla, D.(2018). Process of Impulse Buying: A Qualitative Exploration. Global Business Review, 19(1), 131-146.
    Monroe, K. B., & Krishnan, R.(1985).The Effect of Price on Subjective Product Evaluations. Lexington, MA : Lexington Books.
    Morwitz, V. G., & Schmittlein, D.(1992). Using segmentation to improve sales forecasts based on purchase intent: Which "intenders" actually buy? Journal of Marketing Research, 29(4), 391-405.
    Mukherjee, A., Jha, S., & Smith, R. J.(2017). Regular Price $299; Pre-order Price $199: Price Promotion for a Pre-ordered Product and the Moderating Role of Temporal Orientation. Journal of Retailing, 93(2), 201-211.
    Neuhofer, B., Buhalis, D., & Ladkin, A.(2015). Smart technologies for personalized experiences: a case study in the hospitality domain. Electronic Markets, 25(3), 243-254.
    Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric Theory. New York: Mcgraw-Hill.
    Osgood, C. E., Suci, G. J., & Tannenbaum, P. H.(1957). The measurement of meaning. Urbana. State of Illinois, IL: University of Illinois Press.
    Pan, Y., & Zhang, J. Q.(2011). Born unequal: A study of the helpfulness of user generated product reviews. Journal of Retailing, 87(4): 598-612.
    Pandža Bajs, I.(2015). Tourist perceived value, relationship to satisfaction, and behavioral intentions: The example of the Croatian tourist destination Dubrovnik. Journal of Travel Research, 54(1), 122-134.
    Pang, J., & Qiu, L.(2016). Effect of online review chunking on product attitude: The moderating role of motivation to think. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 20(3), 355-383.
    Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V. A., & Berry, L. L.(1985). A conceptual model of service quality and its implications for future research. Journal of Marketing, 41-50.
    Park, D. H., Lee, J., & Han, I. (2007). The effect of on-line consumer reviews on consumer purchasing intention: The moderating role of involvement. International journal of electronic commerce, 11(4), 125-148.
    Park, J. Y., & Jang, S.(2018). Did I get the best discount? Counterfactual thinking of tourism products. Journal of Travel Research, 57(1), 17-30.
    Park, O. J., Kim, M. G., & Ryu, J. H.(2019). Interface effects of online media on tourists' attitude changes. Tourism Management Perspectives, 30, 262-274.
    Park, S., & Nicolau, J. L.(2015). Asymmetric effects of online consumer reviews. Annals of Tourism Research, 50, 67-83.
    Park, S., & Santos, C. A.(2017). Exploring the tourist experience: A sequential approach. Journal of Travel Research, 56(1), 16-27.
    Peattie, K., & Peattie, S.(1996). Promotional competitions: a winning tool for tourism marketing. Tourism Management, 17(6), 433-442.
    Petrick, J. F.(2002). Development of a multi-dimensional scale for measuring the perceived value of a service. Journal of leisure research, 34(2), 119-134.
    Petty, R. E., & Cacioppo, J. T.(1981). Issue involvement as a moderator of the effects on attitude of advertising content and context. Advances in Consumer Research, 8, 20-24.
    Petty, R. E., & Cacioppo, J. T.(1984). Source factors and the elaboration likelihood model of persuasion. ACR North American Advances, 11, 668-672.
    Petty, R. E., & Cacioppo, J. T.(1986). The elaboration likelihood model of persuasion. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 19, 123-205.
    Petty, R. E., Cacioppo, J. T., & Schumann, D.(1983). Central and peripheral routes to advertising effectiveness: The moderating role of involvement. Journal of consumer research, 10(2), 135-146.
    Phillips, P., Barnes, S., Zigan, K., & Schegg, R.(2017). Understanding the impact of online reviews on hotel performance: an empirical analysis. Journal of Travel Research, 56(2), 235-249.
    Phocuswright.(2018). The In-Destination Experience: Why We Travel. Retrieved from https://www.phocuswright.com/Travel-Research/Technology-Innovation/The-In-Destination-Experience-Why-We-Travel。
    Pigatto, G., Machado, J. G. D. C. F., Negreti, A. D. S., & Machado, L. M.(2017). Have you chosen your request? Analysis of online food delivery companies in Brazil. British Food Journal, 119(3), 639-657.
    Plummer, J. T.(2007). Word of mouth—A new advertising discipline?. Journal of advertising research, 47(4), 385–386.
    Quan, S., & Wang, N.(2004). Towards a structural model of the tourist experience: An illustration from food experiences in tourism. Tourism management, 25(3), 297-305.
    Raghubir, P., & Corfman, K.(1999). When do price promotions affect pretrial brand evaluations?. Journal of Marketing Research, 211-222.
    Reitsamer, B. F., & Brunner-Sperdin, A.(2017). Tourist destination perception and well-being: What makes a destination attractive?. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 23(1), 55-72.
    Ren, Z., Jiang, L., & Pang, C.(2017). How online reviews affect consumers in mobile APP store: A conceptual framework based on elaboration likelihood model. Information Management (ICIM), 2017 3rd International Conference, 258-261.
    ReviewTrackers.(2018). 2018 ReviewTrackers Online Reviews Survey: Statistics and Trends. Retrieved from https://www.reviewtrackers.com/online-reviews-survey/
    Roh, M., & Park, K.(2019). Adoption of O2O food delivery services in South Korea: The moderating role of moral obligation in meal preparation. International Journal of Information Management, 47, 262-273.
    Roscoe, J. T.(1975). Fundamental research statistics for the behavioral sciences. New York, NY: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
    Ruiz-Mafe, C., Chatzipanagiotou, K., & Curras-Perez, R.(2018). The role of emotions and conflicting online reviews on consumers' purchase Intentions. Journal of Business Research, 89, 336-344.
    Sabiote-Ortiz, C. M., Frías-Jamilena, D. M., & Castañeda-García, J. A.(2016). Overall perceived value of a tourism service delivered via different media: A cross-cultural perspective. Journal of Travel Research, 55(1), 34-51.
    Sebastianelli, R., & Tamimi, N.(2018). E-tailer website attributes and trust: understanding the role of online reviews. Online Information Review, 42(4), 506-519.
    Semrad, K. J., & Rivera, M.(2016). Advancing the 5E's in festival experience for the Gen Y framework in the context of eWOM. Journal of destination marketing & management, 7, 58-67.
    Shan, Y.(2016). How credible are online product reviews? The effects of self-generated and system-generated cues on source credibility evaluation. Computers in Human Behavior, 55, 633-641.
    Shavitt, S.(1989). Products, personalities and situations in attitude functions: implications for consumer behavior. ACR North American Advances, 16, 300-305.
    Sheth, J. N., Newman, B. I., & Gross, B. L.(1991). Why we buy what we buy: A theory of consumption values. Journal of business research, 22(2), 159-170.
    Shi, J., Hu, P., Lai, K. K., & Chen, G.(2018). Determinants of users’ information dissemination behavior on social networking sites: An elaboration likelihood model perspective. Internet Research, 28(2), 393-418.
    Shimp, T. A. (2003). Advertising, promotion, and supplemental aspects of integrated marketing communications (6th ed.). Mason, Ohio: Thomson South-Western.
    Shin, S. Y., Van Der Heide, B., Beyea, D., Dai, Y. N., & Prchal, B.(2017). Investigating moderating roles of goals, reviewer similarity, and self-disclosure on the effect of argument quality of online consumer reviews on attitude formation. Computers in Human Behavior, 76, 218-226.
    Sørensen, F., & Jensen, J. F. (2015). Value creation and knowledge development in tourism experience encounters. Tourism Management, 46, 336–346.
    Sormaz, U., Akmese, H., Gunes, E., & Aras, S.(2016). Gastronomy in tourism. Procedia Economics and Finance, 39, 725-730.
    Sotiriadis, M. D.(2017). Sharing tourism experiences in social media: A literature review and a set of suggested business strategies. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 29(1), 179-225.
    Srivastava, V., & Kalro, A. D.(2019). Enhancing the helpfulness of online consumer reviews: the role of latent (content) factors. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 48, 33-50.
    Stepchenkova, S., & Li, X. R.(2014). Destination image: Do top-of-mind associations say it all?. Annals of Tourism Research, 45, 46-62.
    Sthapit, E., & Jiménez-Barreto, J.(2018). Exploring tourists' memorable hospitality experiences: An Airbnb perspective. Tourism Management Perspectives, 28, 83-92.
    Stone, M. J., Soulard, J., Migacz, S., & Wolf, E.(2017). Elements of memorable food, drink, and culinary tourism experiences. Journal of Travel Research, 57(8), 1121–1132.
    Swasy, J. L., & Munch, J. M.(1985). Examining the target of receiver elaborations: Rhetorical question effects on source processing and persuasion. Journal of consumer research, 11(4), 877-886.
    Sweeney, J. C., & Soutar, G. N.(2001). Consumer perceived value: The development of a multiple item scale. Journal of retailing, 77(2), 203-220.
    Tanford, S., & Kim, E. L.(2018). Risk versus Reward: When Will Travelers Go the Distance?. Journal of Travel Research. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1177/0047287518773910.
    TechCrunch(2018). Travel startups are taking off. Retrieved from https://techcrunch.com/2018/11/11/travel-startups-are-taking-off/
    Thaler, R.(1985). Mental accounting and consumer choice. Marketing science, 4(3), 199-214.
    The Committee of Advertising Practice.(n.d.).08 Promotional marketing CAP Code. Retrieved from https://www.asa.org.uk/type/non_broadcast/code_section/08.html
    Ting, H., Fam, K. S., Hwa, J. C. J., Richard, J. E., & Xing, N.(2019). Ethnic food consumption intention at the touring destination: The national and regional perspectives using multi-group analysis. Tourism Management, 71, 518-529.
    Toral, S. L., Martínez-Torres, M. R., & Gonzalez-Rodriguez, M. R.(2017). Identification of the Unique Attributes of Tourist Destinations from Online Reviews. Journal of Travel Research, 57(7), 908-919.
    TripAdvisor.(2018). TripBarometer 2017/18 Global Report. Retrieved from https://www.tripadvisor.com.tw/TripAdvisorInsights/w4703
    Tsai, C. T.(2016). Memorable tourist experiences and place attachment when consuming local food. International Journal of Tourism Research, 18(6), 536-548.
    Twenge, J. M.(2014). Generation me-revised and updated: Why today's young Americans are more confident, assertive, entitled--and more miserable than ever before. Simon and Schuster.
    Ukpabi, D. C., & Karjaluoto, H.(2018). What drives travelers' adoption of user-generated content? A literature review. Tourism management perspectives, 28, 251-273.
    United Nations World Tourism Organization.(2008). Glossary of tourism terms. Retrieved from http://statistics.unwto.org/sites/all/files/docpdf/glossaryterms.pdf。
    United Nations World Tourism Organization.(2018). UNWTO Annual Report 2017. Retrieved from https://www.e-unwto.org/doi/book/10.18111/9789284419807。
    Wang, P.(2015). Exploring the influence of electronic word-of-mouth on tourists’ visit intention: A dual process approach. Journal of Systems and Information Technology, 17(4), 381-395.
    Williams, H. A., Williams Jr, R. L., & Omar, M.(2014). Gastro-tourism as destination branding in emerging markets. International Journal of Leisure and Tourism Marketing, 4(1), 1-18.
    Williams, H. A., Yuan, J., & Williams Jr, R. L.(2018). Attributes of Memorable Gastro-Tourists’ Experiences. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1177/1096348018804621.
    Wood, W., Kallgren, C. A., & Preisler, R. M. (1985). Access to attitude-relevant information in memory as a determinant of persuasion: The role of message attributes. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 21(1), 73-85.
    World food travel association.(2018). Defining Food Tourism & Industry Terms. Retrieved from https://www.worldfoodtravel.org/cpages/what-is-food-tourism
    Xiang, Z., Wang, D., O’Leary, J. T., & Fesenmaier, D. R.(2015). Adapting to the internet: trends in travelers’ use of the web for trip planning. Journal of Travel Research, 54(4), 511-527.
    Yen, C. H., & Teng, H. Y.(2015). Celebrity involvement, perceived value, and behavioral intentions in popular media-induced tourism. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 39(2), 225-244.
    Yeo, V. C. S., Goh, S. K., & Rezaei, S.(2017). Consumer experiences, attitude and behavioral intention toward online food delivery (OFD) services. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 35, 150-162.
    Yoo, C. W., Goo, J., Huang, C. D., Nam, K., & Woo, M.(2017). Improving travel decision support satisfaction with smart tourism technologies: A framework of tourist elaboration likelihood and self-efficacy. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 123, 330-341.
    Zeithaml, V. A.(1988). Consumer perceptions of price, quality, and value: a means-end model and synthesis of evidence. The Journal of marketing, 2-22.
    Zeng, H., & Hao, L.(2016). Cross-cultural examination of the effects of promotional framing on consumers’ responses: a comparison of China and Pakistan. International Business Review, 25(5), 1020-1029.
    Zha, X., Yang, H., Yan, Y., Liu, K., & Huang, C.(2018). Exploring the effect of social media information quality, source credibility and reputation on informational fit-to-task: Moderating role of focused immersion. Computers in Human Behavior, 79, 227-237.
    Zhang, H. Y., Ji, P., Wang, J. Q., & Chen, X. H.(2017). A novel decision support model for satisfactory restaurants utilizing social information: A case study of TripAdvisor. com. Tourism Management, 59, 281-297.
    Zhang, H., Gordon, S., Buhalis, D., & Ding, X. (2017). Experience Value Cocreation on Destination Online Platforms. Journal of Travel Research. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1177/0047287517733557.
    Zhang, H., Wu, Y., & Buhalis, D.(2018). A model of perceived image, memorable tourism experiences and revisit intention. Journal of destination marketing & management, 8, 326-336.
    Zhang, K. Z., Zhao, S. J., Cheung, C. M., & Lee, M. K.(2014). Examining the influence of online reviews on consumers' decision-making: A heuristic–systematic model. Decision Support Systems, 67, 78-89.
    Zhang, L., Wu, L., & Mattila, A. S.(2016). Online reviews: The role of information load and peripheral factors. Journal of Travel Research, 55(3), 299-310.
    Zhao, X., Wang, L., Guo, X., & Law, R.(2015). The influence of online reviews to online hotel booking intentions. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 27(6), 1343-1364.
    Zhu, D. H., Zhang, Z. J., Chang, Y. P., & Liang, S.(2018). Good discounts earn good reviews in return? Effects of price promotion on online restaurant reviews. International Journal of Hospitality Management. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1016/j.ijhm.2018.06.028.

    中文文獻
    Booking.com(2017年10月25日)。旅遊搶先報!Booking.com公布「2018年8大旅遊趨勢」【新聞群組】。取自:http://t.cn/REYutNJ
    Booking.com(2019年10月17日)。Booking.com公布「2020年8大旅遊趨勢」 台灣全球同步公開【新聞群組】。取自:https://reurl.cc/9z6ejX
    中華民國交通部觀光局(2018a)。2017年觀光統計年報【原始數據】。取自:https://reurl.cc/1Q8XoD
    中華民國交通部觀光局(2018b)。2017年國人旅遊狀況調查【原始數據】。取自:https://reurl.cc/k5pML3
    中華民國交通部觀光局(2019)。107年1月至12月中華民國國民出國目的地統計【原始數據】。取自:https://reurl.cc/4gl6pL
    方彥博、呂謙、莊雅如(2015)。智慧型手機軟體應用旅遊資訊搜尋,旅遊體驗,旅遊滿意度,行為意圖影響之研究-旅遊金門的遊客為例。休閒產業管理學刊,8(1),41-65。
    王雯宗、朱盈蒨(2010)。旅遊目的地意象與促銷活動對旅遊意願及旅遊行爲之影響研究-以澎湖爲例。島嶼觀光研究,3(1),100-113。
    王雲東(2012)。社會研究方法:量化與質性取向及其應用。新北市:威仕曼文化。
    朱永正(2010)。促銷方式對消費者知覺價值、購買意願與忠誠度影響之研究:以屈臣氏連鎖藥妝店為例(碩士論文)。取自臺灣博碩士論文系統。(系統編號 098NSYS5121029)
    吳元熙(2017年09月01日)。速度戰先攻亞洲十國,KKday再靠兩招圈住旅遊粉絲【新聞群組】。取自https://reurl.cc/nVpq76
    吳雨潔(2017年03月10日)。走,現在就出門!千禧世代掀起「玩樂商機」 【新聞群組】。取自https://reurl.cc/zyQpY6
    李家瑩、李淑美、黃偉珉(2015)。以推敲可能模式探討消費者創新與新產品採用之影響:以智慧型手機應用程式為例。資訊管理學報,22(1),1-30。
    林淑慧(2017年09月28日)。行程拆成零件賣,做旅行社不做的「小」生意,亞洲最大旅遊體驗平台—三年就打進十國【新聞群組】。取自https://www.businessweekly.com.tw/Archive/Article?StrId=65504
    林穎佐(2013)。商店形象、信任與知覺價值對顧客忠誠度的影響-以高雄市建國商圈電腦公司為例(碩士論文)。取自臺灣博碩士論文系統。(系統編號 101KUAS1457006)
    唐日新、葉耀仁(2011)。應用推敲可能性模型探討部落格行銷效果:以旅遊部落格為例。中山管理評論,19(3),517-555。
    商周編輯部(2018年04月13日)。旅遊業導入平台思維 KKday行程拆成零件賣 做到亞洲最大!【新聞群組】。取自 https://www.businessweekly.com.tw/article.aspx?id=22402&type=Blog
    張愛華、陳仁惠、張馨云(2006)。主題廣告,促銷活動與品牌層級之綜效研究。管理與系統,13(1), 15-46。
    莊淑芬(2019年01月10日)。2018 ITF台北國際旅展旅遊論壇專題報導【新聞群組】。取自:https://reurl.cc/rlELXZ
    許素英(2017)。旅館業知覺價值、服務品質與滿意度關聯性之研究(碩士論文)。取自臺灣博碩士論文系統。(系統編號 105KMIT0708002)
    郭穎頻、黃裕智、湯幸芬(2017)。創意旅遊遊客旅遊體驗,休閒效益與行為意圖之關係。旅遊健康學刊,16(1),33-50。
    曾舜寬(2013)。價格促銷,品牌形象與知覺價值對消費者購買意願之影響-以大台南地區品牌包裝茶飲市場為例(碩士論文)。取自臺灣博碩士論文系統。(系統編號 101NCKU5121034)
    曾寶雁(2016)。訊息豐富性對購買意圖及線上口碑傳遞意圖之影響-以口碑強度和朋友推薦為雙干擾效果(碩士論文)。取自臺灣博碩士論文系統。(系統編號 105NTUS5121041)
    游琁如(2016年04月27日)。重視台灣市場!客路創辦人王志豪:將推更多深度體驗【新聞群組】。取自https://star.ettoday.net/news/688247#ixzz5XwkjvSlr
    黃俊堯、柳秉佑(2016)。消費者線上口碑與評論研究:國內外相關文獻回顧與討論。臺大管理論叢,26(3),215-256。
    黃香君(2016)。論點品質與代言人對廣告效果之影響—以產品涉入程度與產品知識為干擾變數(碩士論文)。取自臺灣博碩士論文系統。(系統編號 104CYIT0457020)
    黃家蔚(2004)。促銷方式、產品涉入程度與促銷情境對消費者品牌評價與購買意願之影響(碩士論文)。取自臺灣博碩士論文系統。(系統編號 092NCKU5121038)
    黃錦繡、王錦源(2018年01月08日)。封面故事/全球目的地旅遊市場漸夯 旅行已走向目的地化【新聞群組】。取自https://solomo.xinmedia.com/globaltourismvision/143320。
    楊涵卉(2018)。專業生成及用戶生成內容與消費者創新性對推薦式廣告之效果(碩士論文)。取自臺灣博碩士論文系統。(系統編號 106NCU05121057)
    臺北市政府觀光傳播局(2013年3月10日)。體驗式旅遊當道,國際商務旅客樂當「一日臺北人」【新聞群組】。取自:https://goo.gl/fMzK9F
    劉夢曉(2017)。負面在線評論和商家反饋對消費者購買意願的影響研究。電子商務學報,19(1),83-116。
    蔡宗保(2015年11月10日)。目的地旅遊與活動的過去、現在及未來。【部落格文字資料】。取自https://travel20.blogspot.tw/2015/11/blog-post.html
    蔡宗保(2016年5月)。五張圖表看懂台灣旅遊網站。【部落格文字資料】。取自https://travel20.blogspot.com/2016/05/blog-post_27.html
    蔡進發、蕭至惠(2015)。旅遊產品促銷價格建構方式對消費者知覺之影響:以促銷深度與認知需求為干擾變數。行銷評論,12(1),1-26。
    鄭維真(2019年09月12日)。「俗女養成記」導覽地圖出爐 來追隨陳嘉玲的養成足跡【新聞群組】。取自:https://reurl.cc/jd9lEp
    戴國良(2014)。促銷管理:實戰與本土案例。臺北市:台灣五南圖書出版股份有限公司。
    簡明輝(2014)。消費者行為(第三版)。新北市:新文京開發出版。
    羅子傑(2018)。促銷方案與消費者人格特質對手機遊戲購買意願影響之探討–以神魔之塔遊戲為例(碩士論文)。取自臺灣博碩士論文系統。(系統編號 106NTPT0787013)
    譚慧敏(2013)。智慧型手機應用程式的電子口碑之效果研究(碩士論文)。取自臺灣博碩士論文系統。(系統編號 101NCTU5376023)
    譚慧敏、林慧斐(2014)。智慧型手機應用程式電子口碑之效果研究。資訊傳播研究,4(2),1-22。

    下載圖示
    QR CODE