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研究生: 陳崇安
Chen, Chong-An
論文名稱: 電影導演即大眾史家:以克林‧伊斯烏德及其《硫磺島的英雄們》與《來自硫磺島的信》為研究對象
Directors as Public Historians: A Case Study of Clint Eastwood’s Flags of Our Fathers and Letters from Iwo Jima
指導教授: 周樑楷
Chou, Liang-Kai
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 歷史學系
Department of History
論文出版年: 2018
畢業學年度: 106
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 173
中文關鍵詞: 大眾史學大眾史家影視史學歷史表述劇情片克林‧伊斯烏德電影導演即大眾史家
英文關鍵詞: public history, public historian, historiophoty, historical representation, feature film, Clint Eastwood, directors as public historians
DOI URL: http://doi.org/10.6345/THE.NTNU.DH.002.2018.A04
論文種類: 學術論文
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  • 本研究以電影導演克林‧伊斯烏德的《硫磺島的英雄們》與《來自硫磺島的信》兩部電影為研究對象,試圖從美國與臺灣大眾史學的理論和實踐,探討電影導演即大眾史家的概念。
      大眾史學的發展到了二○○三年之後,與影視史學的關係更加密切,本研究以下面四點作為電影個案研究的重點:首先,大眾史學的表述若以史譜(spectrum)定位,劇情片電影則應屬於「虛中實」。其次,大眾史學的電影實踐應持多元的觀點。第三,須強調實踐工作中跨學科領域及團隊性的合作。最後,應觀察電影導演的思想與電影情節的關聯,並探查其歷史意識的實踐。本文據此學理分析架構,以伊斯烏德兩部有關硫磺島之役的電影為實踐個案,論證「電影導演即大眾史家」此一提議。

    This Thesis aims to develop an analytical framework of study of “directors as public historians” based on the theories and practices of public history in American and Taiwan by a close reading and interpretation of Clint Eastwood’s two feature films, Flags of Our Fathers and Letters from Iwo Jima.
      From the year of 2003 onward, the development of public history has shown its close interaction with historiophoty. This Thesis analyzes Eastwood’s Flags of Our Fathers and Letters from Iwo Jima with four theoretical elements: First of all, accordingly to the theory of spectrum of truth and fiction, the representation of historical feature films as a form of public history must be provided with truth in fiction. Second, the representation of historical feature films must be provided with multiple perspectives. Third, the representation of historical feature films also emphasize interdisciplinary cooperation and team work. Last, we should examine the relationship between the content of the film, and filmmakers’ intellectual characteristics in order to see how their historical consciousness have been practiced in the films they made. By applying this analytical framework in the study of Eastwood’s two feature films on the Battle of Iwo Jima, this thesis has demonstrated the validity of the theoretical proposal of “directors as public historians.”

    目錄 I 表次 III 圖次 III 第一章 緒論 1 第一節 研究動機與問題意識 1 第二節 研究步驟與預期成果 4 第二章 電影導演即大眾史家:一個概念的形成 18 第一節 美國大眾史學的發展 18 第二節 臺灣大眾史學的發展 34 第三節 大眾史學與影像視覺歷史文本的密切結合 42 第三章 硫磺島戰役及其歷史表述 58 第一節 第二次世界大戰初期的美日關係 58 第二節 太平洋戰爭及「硫磺島戰役」 63 第三節 戰後不同視野的「硫磺島戰役」 71 第四章 伊斯烏德的大眾史學書寫 102 第一節 伊斯烏德的生平與思想 102 第二節 《硫磺島的英雄們》與《來自硫磺島的信》 110 第三節 伊斯烏德及其大眾史學的電影實踐 120 結論 140 徵引書目 144 附錄一:安‧潘蓮(ANN MARIE PLANE),〈攝影機後面的史家〉 162 附錄二:克林‧伊斯烏德(CLINT EASTWOOD)導演作品總整理 165 附錄三:一○五學年各大學歷史學系學士班開設大眾史學/應用史學相關學分/學程表 169 附錄四:美軍進攻硫磺島計劃圖 172

    一、 英文參考書目

    (一)影視資料

    Bird. Burbank, California: Malpaso Productions & New York and California: Warner Bros., 1988.

    Flags of Our Fathers, California: DreamWorks Pictures, Malpaso Productions, Amblin Entertainment, 2006.

    Glamour Gal , Virginia: Marine Corps photographic service, 1945.

    Letters from Iwo Jima, California: DreamWorks Pictures, Malpaso Productions, Amblin Entertainment, 2006.

    Ryan Phillippe interview on Flags of Our Fathers, Post by TheCelebFactory, Uploaded at April 13, 2011,上網日期:2017年10月8日,取自:, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=21p8fUu-y1g。

    Sands of Iwo Jima. New York: Universal Studios, 1949.

    The Boys of H Company. Suffolk, Virginia: New Dominion Pictures, 2004.

    The Outsider. California: Universal Pictures, 1961.

    The Pacific. New York: HBO, 2010.

    To The Shore of Iwo Jima, Virginia: USMC, 1945.

    (二)檔案與口述訪談

    United States Government Printing Office. Papers relating to the foreign relations of the United States, Japan: 1931-1941, Volume 1, Northwest, Washington, D.C.: United States Department of State, 2008.

    United States. Marine Corps. Marines, 4th. Annex "Fox" To Fourth Marine Division Operations Report, Iwo Jima - Regimental Combat Team 23 Report, 1945.

    United States. Marine Corps. Marines, 5th. Landing Team 2-26 from 19.February 1945 to 27 March 1945, Annex QWEEN, Appendix 4, The Report of Action Against The Enemy on lwo Jima Island (April 18, 1945).

    (三)專書、編著

    Alexander, Joseph H., Closing In: Marines in the Seizure of Iwo Jima. Washington D.C.: Naval Historical Division, U.S. Marine Corps, 1994.

    Axelrod, Alan. The Complete Idiot's Guide to the American Revolution. New York: Alpha Books, 1999.

    Bartley, Whitman S. Iwo Jima: Amphibious Epic. Washington, D.C.: Historical Branch, G-3 Division, U.S. Marine Corps, 1954.

    Bradley, James and Ron Powers eds. Flags of Our Fathers. New York: Bantam Doubleday Dell, 2006.

    Burrell, Robert S. The ghosts of Iwo Jima. Brazos County, Texas: Texas A&M University Press, 2006.

    Cauvin, Thomas. Public History:A Textbook of Practice. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, 2016.

    Conner, Howard M. The Spearhead: The World War Ⅱ History of 5th Marine Division. Washington, D.C.: Historical Division, U.S. Marine Corps, 1950.

    Curtis, Gerald L. The Logic of Japanese Politics: Leaders, Institutions, and the Limits of Change. New York: Columbia University Press, 1999.

    Doenecke, Justus D. and John E. Wilz, eds. From Isolation to War: 1931-1941. Wheeling, Illinois: Harlan Davidson, Inc., 2003.

    Dyer, George Carroll ed. The Amphibians Came to Conquer: The Story of Admiral Richmond Kelly Turner. Washington D.C.: U.S. Dept. of the Navy, Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps, 1991.

    Eberwein, Robert T. The Hollywood War Film. New Jersey: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010.

    Engel, Leonard, ed. New essays on Clint Eastwood. Salt Lake City: The University of Utah, 2012.

    Foner, Eric. Who Owns History? :Rethinking the Past in a Changing World (Paper book, New York: Hill and Wang, 2003; Google Ebook, 2013),本研究採用Google Ebook,2013年無放大頁數版本。

    Foote, John H. Clint Eastwood: evolution of a filmmaker. Westport, Connecticut: Praeger Publishers, 2009.

    Garand, George W. eds. Western Pacific Operations: History of U. S. Marine Corps Operations in World War II, Vol. IV. Virginia: United States Marine Corps History Division, 1971 (1989 Edition).

    Garner, James B. and Truman R. Strobridge eds. Public History: Essays from the Field. Malabar, Florida: Krieger Publishing Company, 2004 Revised Edition.

    Goldfield, David. Virginia DeJohn Anderson, Jo Ann Argersinger, Peter H. Argersinger, William L. Barney, Robert M. Weir and Carl Abbott, eds., The American Journey: A History of the United States, Teaching and Learning Classroom Combined Volume, 3rd Edition. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 2004.

    Hook, Glenn D., Japan’s International Relations: Politics, economics and security. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, 2005, second edition.

    Hurley, Andrew. Beyond Preservation: Using Public History to Revitalize Inner Cities. Philadelphia: Temple University, 2010.

    Iggers, George G. Historiography in the twentieth century: from scientific objectivity to the postmodern challenge. Middletown, Con.: Wesleyan University Press, 2005.

    Iriye, Akira, The Origins of the Second World War in Asia and the Pacific. New York: Longman, 1987.

    Iriye, Akira, The Origins of the Second World War in Asia and the Pacific. New York: Longman, 1987.

    Kakehashi, Kumiko. So Sad to Fall in Battle: An Account of War Based on General Tadamichi Kuribayashi’s Letters from Iwo Jima. New York: Presidio Press, 2007.

    Kapsis, Robert E. and Kathie Coblentz, eds. Clint Eastwood: Interview, Revised and Updated. Mississippi: University Press of Mississippi, 2013.

    Kuribayashi, Tadamichi. Picture Letters from the Commander in Chief. Edited by Tsuyuko Yoshida. San Francisco: Viz Media, 2007.

    Leffler, Phyllis K. and Joseph Brent eds. Public and Academic History. Malabar, Florida: Krieger Publishig Company, 1990 .

    Leffler, Phyllis K. and Joseph Brent eds. Public History Readings. Malabar, Florida: Krieger Publishig Company, 1992.

    Liddell Hart, B. H. History of the Second World War. London: Weidenfeld Nicolson Illustrated, 1970.

    Lowenthal, David. The Past is a Foreign Country. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 2002 tenth printing.

    Marling, Karal Ann and John Wetenhall. Iwo Jima: monuments, memories, and the American hero. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1991.

    Mason Jr., John T., ed. The Pacific War Remembered: An Oral History Collection. Annapolis: U.S. Naval Institiute, 1986.

    Michael Schaller, Altered States: The United States and Japan since the Occupation. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997.

    Morison, Samuel Eliot. Victory in the Pacific: 1945. New York: Book Sales, 1960.

    Nalty, Bernard C. and Danny J. Crawford, eds. The United States Marines on Iwo Jima: the Battle and the Flag Raising. Virginia: United States Marine Corps History Division, 1995.

    Nash, Gary B., eds. The American People: Creating a nation and a Society. New York: Pearson/Longman, 2004.
    Neale, Steve. Genre and Hollywood. London and New York: Routledge, 2000.

    Reischauer, Edwin O. and Marius B. Jansen eds., Japanese Today: Change and Continuity, Enlarged Edition. Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1995.

    Rosenstone, Robert A. Visions of the Past: the Challenge of Film to Our Idea of History. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1995.

    Rosenstone, Robert A. History on Film/ Film on History. London: Pearson Education Limited, 2006.

    Ross, Bill D. Iwo Jima: Legacy of Valor. New York: Vintage Books, 1985.

    San Van, John E., Peter Mauch, and Yoneyuki Sugita eds. Historical Dictionary of United States-Japan Relations (Historical Dictionaries of Diplomacy and Foreign Relations). Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press, Inc., 2007.

    Schubart, Rikke, and Anne Gjelsvik eds. Eastwood’s Iwo Jima: Critical Engagement with Flags of Our Fathers and Letters from Iwo Jima. New York: Columbia University Press, 2013.

    Smith, J. E. Hollywood and The American Historical Film. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012.

    Sterritt, David. The Cinema of Clint Eastwood: Chronicles of America. New York: Columbia University Press, 2014.

    Stoller, Bryan Michael. Filmmaking for Dummies. New Jersey: Wiley Publishing, Inc., 2009, 2nd Edition.

    Susan Ferentinos eds. The Public History Navigator. National Council on Public History, 2015.

    Toland, John. The Rising Sun: the Decline and Fall of the Japanese Empire, 1936-1945. New York: Random House, 1970.

    Toplin, Robert Brent. Real History: in defense of Hollywood. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas , 2002.

    Toyn, Gary W. The Quiet Hero: The Untold Medal of Honor Story of George E. Wahlen at the Battle for Iwo Jima. Clearfield, Utah: American Legacy Media, 2006.

    Wright, Derrick and Jim Laurier. Iwo Jima 1945: The Marines Raise the Flag on Mount Suribachi. Oxford: Osprey Publishing Ltd., 2001.

    (四)期刊論文、專書篇章
    Amateur Athletic Foundation. “Baron Nishi: 1932 Olympic Gold Medallist for Japan,” Journal of Olympic History, 11:2 (June, 2003), 46-49.

    Bahry, Ted. “Uncommon Valor Revisited: Iwo Jima & the Stamp,” The American Philatelist (Feb., 2015), 144-151.

    Bryans, William S., Albert Camarillo, Swati Chattopadhyay, Jon Christensen, Sharon Leon and Cathy Stanton. “Imagining the Digital Future of The Public Historian,” The Public Historian, 35:1 (Feb., 2013), 8-27.

    Conard, Rebecca. “The Pragmatic Roots of Public History Education in the United States,” The Public Historian, 31:1 (Feb. 2015): 105-120.

    Corley, Julie A. "Can the Web Really Do It All?” The Public Historian, 20:1 (Winter 1998): 49-57.

    Dodds, Klaus. “Hollywood and the Popular Geopolitics of the War on Terror,” Third World Quarterly, 29:8 (2008): 1621-1637.

    Gerow, Aaron. “From Flags of Our Fathers to Letters From Iwo Jima: Clint Eastwood's Balancing of Japanese and American Perspectives,” The Asia-Pacific Journal: Japan Focus, 4:12 (Dec. 2006): 1-4.

    Glassberg, David. “Public History and the Study of Memory,” The Public Historian, 18:2 (Spring, 1996): 7-23.

    Graaf, Lawrence De. “Summary: An Academic Perspective,” The Public Historian, 2:3 (spring, 1980), 65-70.

    Graham, Jr., Otis L. “The Third Watch: Editing TPH, 1989-1997,” The Public Historian, 21:3 (summer, 1999), 185-191.

    Graham, Jr., Otis L. “Dealing Ourselves Back In: Professional Historians and the Public,” The Public Historian, 22:1(winter 2000): 27-29.

    Thelen, David. “But Is it History,” The Public Historian, 22:1(winter 2000): 39-44.

    Grele, Ronald J. “Clio on the Road to Damascus: A National Survey of History as Activity and Experience,” The Public Historian, 22:1(winter 2000), pp. 31-34.

    Herman, Gerald. “Chemical and Electronic Media in the Public History Movement,” The Public Historian, 21:3 (summer, 1999): 111-125.

    Herman, Gerald. “Creating the Twenty-First-Century “Historian for All Seasons”,” The Public Historian, 25:3 (summer, 2003): 93-102.

    Hochschild, Adam. “Adventures in Public History,” The Public Historian. 32:4 (Fall 2010): 85-95.

    Howe, Barbara J. “Reflection on an Idea: NCPH's First Decade,” The Public Historian, 11:3 (summer, 1989):. 69-85.

    Hurley, Andrew. “Chasing the Frontiers of Digital Technology,” The Public Historian, 38:1, 69-88.

    Kean, Hilda. “People, Historians, and Public History: Demystifying the Process of History Making,” The Public Historian, 32: 3(Summer 2010), 25-38.

    Kyvig, David E. “Introducing Students to Public History,” The History Teacher, 24:4 (Aug., 1991): 445-454.

    Liddington, Jill and Graham Smith. “Crossing Cultures: Oral History and Public History,” Oral History, 33:1 (Spring, 2005): 28-31.

    Liddington, Jill and Simon Ditchfield. “Public History: A Critical Bibliography,” Oral History, 33:1 (Spring, 2005): 40-45.

    Liddington, Jill. “What Is Public History? Publics and Their Pasts, Meanings and Practices,” Oral History. 30:1 (Spring, 2002): 83-93.

    Linenthal, Edward T. “Problems and Promise in Public History,” The Public Historian, 19:2 (Spring, 1997): 45-47.

    Rosenstone, Robert A. “The Reel Joan of Arc: Reflections on the Theory and Practice of the Historical Film.” The Public Historian, 25:3 (summer, 2003): 61-77.

    Rosenzweig, Roy. “"Not a Simple Task": Professional Historians Meet Popular History makers,” The Public Historian, 22: 1(Winter 2000), 35-38.

    Rosenzweig, Roy. “Can History Be Open Source? Wikipedia and the Future of the Past,” The Journal of American History, 93:1 (Jun., 2006), 117-146.

    Shopes, Linda. “Building Bridges between Academic and Public History.” The Public Historian, 19:2 (spring, 1997): 53-56.

    Thompson, Emily. “Making Noise in The Roaring’ Twenties: Sound and Aural History on the Web,” The Public Historian, 37:4, 91-110.

    Tobey, Ronald C. “The Public Historian as Advocate: Is Special Attention to Professional Ethics Necessary,” The Public Historian, 8:1 (winter, 1986), 21-23.

    Weible, Robert. “Defining Public History: Is It Possible? Is It Necessary?” Perspectives on History (March 2008): https://www.historians.org/publicatio
    ns-and-directories/perspectives-on-history/march-2008/defining-public-history-is-it-possible-is-it-necessary.

    White, Hayden. “Historiography and Historiophoty.” The American Historical Review, 93:5 (Dec., 1988): 1193-1199.

    Williams, John Alexander. “Public History and Local History: An Introduction” The Public Historian, 5:4 (autumn, 1983): 7-16.

    (五)網路資料

    Ansen, David, “Inside the hero Factory,” Newsweek (October 22, 2006),上網日期:2017年10月26日,取自:http://www.newsweek.com/inside-hero-factory-111875。

    Breve, Brad, “Spike Lee Condemns Clint Eastwood’s ‘Iwo Jima‘ For Its Absence of Black Soldiers,” Comingsoon.Net (May 21, 2008) ,上網日期:2017年10月8日,取自:http://www.comingsoon.net/movies。

    Destination DC, “The U.S. Marine Corps War Memorial (more commonly known as the Iwo Jima Memorial) is perhaps one of the most moving memorials in the DC region,” . Washington, DC,上網日期:2017年10月25日,取自: https://washington.org/DC-guide-to/marine-corps-war-memorial。

    Dahmen, Nicole, “Place, Space, Time: Media Gatekeeping and Iconic Imagery in the Age of Digital News and Social Media,” Visual Communication in the Digital Age (Oct. 23, 2015),上網日期:2017年10月25日,取自:https://nicoledahmen.wordpress.com/2015/10/23/place-space-time-media-gatekeeping-and-iconic-imagery-in-the-age-of-digital-news-and-social-media/。

    Flags of Our Fathers (IMDb, 2006) ,上網日期:2017年10月8日,取自:, http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0418689/。
    Foley, Jack ed., “Letters from Iwo Jima - Clint Eastwood interview,” IndieLondon,上網日期:2017年9月30日,取自:http://www.indielondon.co.uk/Film-Review/letters-from-iwo-jima-clint-eastwood-interview。

    Hansen, Matthew, “Hansen: After studying OWH column, 'Flags of Our Fathers' author James Bradley says father isn't in iconic Iwo Jima photo,” Omaha World-Herald (May 4, 2016),上網日期:2017年10月8日,取自:http://www.omaha.com/news/military/flags-of-our-fathers-author-james-bradley-says-father-isn/article_685c1f78-1178-11e6-8081-ebf1f0b2b99d.html。

    Hughes, Robert and David Bjerklie, “Behold the Stone Age” Time, 145:6 (Feb., 1995),上網日期: 2017年10月17日,取自:http://0-web.a.ebscohost.com
    .opac.lib.ntnu.edu.tw/ehost/detail/detail?vid=4&sid=24dd2d26-6fbe-477f-9183-a50e1a6a6023%40sessionmgr4010&bdata=Jmxhbmc9emgtdHcmc2l0ZT1laG9zdC1saXZl#db=aph&AN=9502077514。

    Joshua J. Mark, “Cuneiform: Definition,” Ancient History Encyclopedia, UK: Ancient History Encyclopedia, April 28, 2011, 上網日期:2017年10月24日,取自:https://www.ancient.eu/cuneiform/。

    Joshua J. Mark, “Ancient Egypt: Definition,” Ancient History Encyclopedia. UK: Ancient History Encyclopedia, September 2, 2009,上網日期:2017年10月24日,取自:https://www.ancient.eu/egypt/。
    Letters from Iwo Jima (IMDb, 2006) ,上網日期:2017年10月8日,取自:, http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0498380/fullcredits?ref_=tt_ov_wr#writers。
    “MICHAEL H. FRISCH,” by Department of History faculty in University in Buffalo, 上網日期:2017年10月19日,取自:http://history.buffalo.edu
    /faculty/professors-emeriti/michael-h-frisch/。

    National Council on Public History, “Best Practices in Public History.” 上網日期:2017年8月26日,取自 http://ncph.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/
    02/Best-Practices-for-Establishing-and-Developing-a-Public-History-Program.pdf。

    National Museum of the Pacific War,上網日期:2017年10月22日,取自:,http://www.pacificwarmuseum.org/。

    National Council on Public History,上網日期:2017年10月26日,取自:http://www.ncph.org/Education/GraduateandUndergraduate/tabid/323/Default.aspx。

    Nations, George Waddell, Iwo Jima- One Man Remembers,上網日期:2017年10月19日,取自: http://www.iwojima-onemanremembers.com/Iwo
    _Jima-One_Man_Remembers.html。

    National Center of PTSD, Understanding PTSD and PTSD Treatment (September, 2017),上網日期:2017年10月3日,取自:https://www.ptsd.va.gov/
    public/understanding ptsd/booklet.pdf。

    O'Connell, Sean, “Clint Eastwood’s harrowing biopic of expert marksman Chris Kyle services the man’s legend but shortchanges the family he frequently left home so he could protect his brothers in arms,” CinemaBlend,上網日期:2017年10月10日,取自:https://www.cinemablend.com/reviews/
    American-Sniper-66417.html。

    O'Connell, Sean, “Why American Sniper Is An Anti-War Film, According To Clint Eastwood,” CinemaBlend News,上網日期:2017年9月30日,取自:http://www.cinemablend.com/new/Why-American-Sniper-An-Anti-War
    -Film-According-Clint-Eastwood-70337.html。

    Rea, Stephen, “Iwo Jima through Japanese eyes - a stunning war film,” Philadelphia Inquirer (January 12, 2007),上網日期:2017年10月3日,取自:http://www.philly.com/philly/entertainment/movies/20070112_inq_
    weekend_SRALET.html。

    Sherfy, Joe, “The National Museum of the Pacific War: The Fredericksburg Landmark tells the story of World War II's Pacific Theater.,” Texas highways (July 2010),上網日期:2017年10月22日,取自:http://www.texashigh
    ways.com/blog/item/813-the-national-museum-of-the-pacific-war。

    Simmons, Nick, “Ryan Phillippe Has Good Intentions,” Huffpost (January 5, 2015) ,上網日期:2017年10月3日,取自:https://www.huffingtonpost.
    com/nick-simmons/ryan-phillippe-has-good-intentions_b_6415112.html。

    Travers, Peter, “Flags of Our Fathers,” Rolling Stone (October 16, 2006),上網日期:2017年10月26日,取自:http://www.rollingstone.com/movies/
    reviews/flags-of-our-fathers-20061016。

    ”US heroes in another Iwo Jima photo were misidentified, Marine Corps announces,” Fox News U.S. (Aug. 24, 2016),上網日期:2017年10月26日,取自:http://www.foxnews.com/us/2016/08/24/us-heroes-in-another-
      iwo-jima-photo-were-misidentified-marine-corps-announces.html。

    二、 中文參考書目

    (一)影視資料

    《來自硫磺島的信》(Letters from Iwo Jima),得利影視,2006。
    《硫磺島的英雄們》(Flags of Our Fathers),得利影視,2006。

    (二)中文專書、編著

    入江昭(Akira Iriye),《第二次世界大戰在亞洲及太平洋的起源》,李響譯,北京:社會科學文獻出版社,2016。

    中國文化大學歷史學系,《「史學與實務應用」學術研討會會議論文》(臺北,中國文化大學歷史學系,2016。

    王書君,《美日海空大戰(上局)(下局)》,臺北:風雲時代出版公司,2001。

    加里‧纳什(Gary B. Nash)等编,《美國人民:創建一個國家和一種社會》, 劉德斌譯,北京:北京大學出版社,2008。

    吳密察等編,《村史運動的萌芽》,臺北:唐山,1999。

    呂芳上主編,《中國抗日戰爭史新編(全六冊)第六冊》,臺北:國史館,2015。

    李德哈特(B. H. Liddell Hart),《第二次世界大戰戰史(上)(中)(下)》,臺北:麥田,2008。

    周樑楷,《從湯恩比到霍布斯邦:英國左派史家的世紀》,臺北:商周出版:2017。

    周樑楷,《歷史學的思維》,臺北:正中書局,1993。

    周樑楷等編,《大家來寫村史:總論》,彰化縣:彰化縣文化局,1995。

    周樑楷編,《人人都是史家—大眾史學研習會論文集(第一冊)》,臺中:逢甲大學歷史與文物研究所,2004。

    彼得‧諾維克(Peter Novick),《那高尚的夢想》,楊豫譯,北京:生活‧讀書‧新知,2009。

    阿絲特莉特‧埃爾(Astrid Erll)主編,《文化記憶理論讀本》,余傳玲等譯,北京:北京大學出版社,2012。

    秋草鶴次,《十七歲的硫磺島》,吳怡文譯,臺北:如果出版社,2008。

    約翰‧托蘭(John Toland),《帝國落日:大日本帝國的衰亡,1936-1945(上)(下)》,吳潤璿譯,新北市:八旗文化,2015。

    娜塔莉‧澤蒙‧戴維斯(Natalie Zemon Davis),陳榮彬譯,新北市:左岸文化,2002。

    馬克‧費侯(Marc Ferro),《電影與歷史》,張淑娃譯,臺北:麥田,1998。

    張四德,《何處是桃源:美國的清教主義及其史學流變》,臺北:臺大出版中心,2017。

    許雪姬主編,《臺灣口述歷史的理論實務與案例》,臺北:臺灣口述歷史學會,2014。

    陳坂主編,《大家來寫村史:民眾參與式社區史操作手冊》,臺北:唐山,2016。

    揚‧艾斯曼(Jan Assmann),《文化記憶:早期高級文化中的文字、回憶和政治身分》,金壽福、黃曉晨譯,北京:北京大學出版社,2015。

    愛德溫‧賴肖爾(Edwin O. Reischauer)及馬里厄斯‧詹森(Marius
    B. Jansen)編,《當代日本人:傳統與變革》,陳文壽譯,北京:商務印書館,2016。

    道格拉斯‧湯普生(Douglas Thompson),《克林伊斯烏德傳奇─一個銀幕英雄的內心世界》,包黛瑩譯,臺北:月旦出版社,1993。

    鶴見俊輔,《戰爭時期日本精神史》,邱振瑞譯,臺北:行人文化實驗室,2015。

    (三)期刊論文

    王希,〈誰擁有歷史─美國公共史學的起源、發展與挑戰〉,《歷史研究》,北京:中國社會科學院,第3期,2010年8月,頁34-47、189。

    卡爾‧貝克(Carl L. Becker),〈每個人都是他自己的史家〉,黃煜文譯,《歷史臺灣第8期:大眾史學專題》,臺南:國立臺灣歷史博物館,2014年11月,頁151-166。

    李娜,〈美國模式之公眾史學在中國是否可行:中國公眾史學的學科建構〉,《江海學刊》,南京:第3期,2014年3月,149-156。

    杜正宇,〈海外史料蒐集經驗談──以美國國家檔案館館藏之近代臺灣相關檔案為主〉,《歷史臺灣》,第7期,臺南:國立臺灣歷史博物館,2014年,頁195-203。

    周宜穎,〈博物館如何展示棒球歷史?以日本野球殿堂博物館、甲子園歷史館及國立臺灣歷史博物館為例〉,《歷史臺灣》,臺南:國立臺灣歷史博物館,8,2014年,頁83-110。

    周樑楷,〈大眾史學的定義和意義〉,《人人都是史家:大眾史學論集》,臺中:采玉出版社,2004年,頁 17-24。

    周樑楷,〈書寫歷史與影視史學〉,《當代》,第88期,1993年8月,頁10-17。

    周樑楷,〈認識你自己—大家來寫村史與歷史意識的自覺〉,《當代》,第211期,2005年3月,頁53-54。

    周樑楷,〈銀幕中的歷史因果關係:評論「誰殺了甘迺迪」及「返鄉第二春」〉,《當代》,第74期(臺北,1992.6),頁48-61。

    周樑楷,〈影視史學、知識基礎與課程主旨之反思〉,《臺大歷史學報》,第23期(1999.6),頁 445-470。

    周樑楷〈歷史意識是種思維的方法〉,收錄於思想編輯委員會編,《思想》,第02期(臺北,2006.2),頁125-162。

    林超琦,〈美國日本研究的形成與發展〉,《臺灣國際研究季刊》,第5卷,第3期(2009),頁76-83。

    張弘毅,〈人人都是史家:大眾史學、影視史學與長日常生活中的歷史〉,鹽水溪、嘉南大圳公眾史與公民行動數位典藏計畫。

    陳涵郁,〈博物館書寫的大眾史――試論《臺灣女子.非常好》特展〉,《歷史臺灣》,臺南:國立臺灣歷史博物館,8(2014),頁111-134。

    潘宗億,〈再見列寧:消費東德與新德國國族認同危機〉,《國立政治大學歷史學報》,第46期(2016.11),頁151-214。

    簡成熙,〈英雄與反戰:兩部克林伊斯烏德的硫磺島戰記〉,《中等教育》,臺北:國立臺灣師範大學,58:2,(2007),頁152-165。

    (四)學位論文

    張雅婷,〈影視教材在「第二次世界大戰」教學的應用─以《硫磺島的英雄們》與《來自硫磺島的信》為中心〉,國立臺灣師範大學歷史學系碩士論文,2015年1月。

    莊婷伃,〈男性「英雄形象」的鞏固與拆解─從《硫磺島浴血戰》到《硫磺島的英雄們》、《來自硫磺島的信》〉,淡江大學大眾傳播學系傳播碩士班碩士論文,2009年6月。

    張家佳,〈大眾史家的歷史書寫:以《綠的海平線》與《拓南少年史》為例〉,逢甲大學歷史與文物管理研究所碩士學位論文,2009年8月7日。

    (五)網路資料

    世界宗教博物館,〈日本神道教裡的母親形象〉(2012年5月5日),上網日期:2017年10月25日,取自:http://www.mwr.org.tw/content/community/
      culture_window_content.aspx?sid=23。

    《周樑楷的史學園地》,上網日期:2017年9月1日。取自:http://myweb.fcu.edu.tw/~t91093/2/index2.html。
    東吳大學歷史學系,〈公眾‧歷史‧教學研討會圓滿落幕〉,東吳大學歷史學系網頁。上網日期:2017年9月8日,取自:http://www.ugear.com.tw
    /ScuHistory/ugC_News_Detail.asp?HidNewsID=206。

    《教育部重修國語辭典修訂本》,上網日期:2017年10月7日,取自:http://dict.revised.moe.edu.tw/cgi-bin/cbdic/gsweb.cgi?o=dcbdic&searchid=Z00000058290。

    葉倫會,〈國立東華大學第二屆後山學堂大眾史學研習營授課記(2008.07.13)〉,葉倫會的部落格。上網日期:2017年9月5日,取自: http://ylh515.pixnet.net/blog/post/20021672-%E5%9C%8B%E7%
    AB%8B%E6%9D%B1%E8%8F%AF%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E5%B1%86%E5%BE%8C%E5%B1%B1%E5%AD%B8%E5%A0%82%E5%A4%A7%E7%9C%BE%E5%8F%B2%E5%AD%B8%E7%A0%94%E7%BF%92%E7%87%9F。

    臺灣口述歷史學會,〈大眾史學研討會〉,臺灣口述歷史學會網站。上網日期:2017年9月6日,取自:http://www.oh.org.tw/event-20110108.html。

    蔣竹山,〈2010/05/20大眾史學與音像紀錄學術研討會〉,新文化史部落格。上網日期:2017年9月6日,取自:http://blog.sina.com.tw/ginseng/
    article.php?pbgid=66120&entryid=607155。

    三、 日文參考書目

    (一)影視資料

    《硫磺島~戰場の郵便配達~》,日本富士電視臺,2006。

    (二)中文專書、編著

    防衛廳防衛研修所戰史室,《中部太平洋陸軍作戦(2)─ ペリリュー・アンガウル・硫黃島》,東京都港區:朝雲新聞社,1968。

    藤岡信勝等著,《(市販本)新しい歴史教科書》,東京都港區:扶桑社,2006。

    (三)網路資料

    日本富士電視臺,〈あらすじ〉,《硫黄島もうひとつの感動ドキュメンタリードラマ》,上網日期:2017年10月22日,取自:http://www.fujitv.co.jp/m/drama
    /iwojima/arasuji01.html。

    仁部四郎,〈米国大統領への手紙―市丸利之助中将の生涯〉(Aug. 1, 2001),上網日期:2017年10月25日,取自:http://www.yoyokaku.com/
    itimarurinosuke.htm。

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