研究生: |
吳佩玲 Wu, Pei-Ling |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
台灣醫療通譯現況研究-護理人員觀點 An Exploration of Medical Interpreters in Taiwan from the Perspectives of Nurses |
指導教授: |
陳子瑋
Chen, Tze-Wei |
口試委員: |
蘇世斌
Su, Shih-bin 馬淑清 Ma, Shu-Ching 汝明麗 Ju, Ming-Li 陳彥豪 Chen, Yan-Hao 陳子瑋 Chen, Tze-Wei |
口試日期: | 2023/12/22 |
學位類別: |
博士 Doctor |
系所名稱: |
翻譯研究所 Graduate Institute of Translation and Interpretation |
論文出版年: | 2024 |
畢業學年度: | 112 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 384 |
中文關鍵詞: | 臨時通譯員 、語言障礙 、醫療通譯員 、外籍移工 、護理人員 |
英文關鍵詞: | ad hoc interpreters, language barriers, medical interpreters, foreign migrant workers, nursing staff |
研究方法: | 主題分析 、 深度訪談法 、 半結構式訪談法 |
DOI URL: | http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202400128 |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:189 下載:0 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
本研究旨在探討護理人員面臨語言隔閡對於照護外籍移工所產生的影響,以及如何因應跨語言溝通。研究者採以半結構式深度訪談三十三位南部地區某醫療體系的護理人員,並參考主題分析法進行文本分析與詮釋。研究結果顯示,受訪者礙於語言隔閡無法與外籍移工互動,也因此避免有言語上的接觸,較少花時間與病人互動,護病互動主要是以治癒身體為主的人際關係。
此外,也礙於通譯可近性與即時性的侷限,護理人員因應之做法為日常照護就使用Google翻譯、採取肢體動作、衛教單張等溝通策略。此外,也配合醫師的要求,預先安排通譯協助。其他則視臨床有必要,才會尋求臨時通譯員的介入。
面臨臨床工作的複雜與不確定性,儘管意識到臨時通譯員介入可能帶來的負面影響,護理人員仍覺得通譯有其存在的必要性。整體而言,護理人員對專業通譯有其需求,仍而此需求可能礙於工作忙碌、尋求通譯之不易再加上利益關係者介入等因素,使其使用需求似乎低於預期。基於上述研究發現,醫療通譯是否有其臨床發展的可行性,是值得未來通譯推動者深思的議題。並於最後對未來研究者提出相關建議。
This study aims to investigate the impact of language barriers faced by nursing staff when providing care to foreign migrant workers and how they cope with cross-language communication. The researcher conducted semi-structured, in-depth interviews with thirty-three nursing staff in a healthcare system in the southern region of Taiwan, and analyzed interpreted the textual data with reference to thematic analysis. The results of the study indicate that interviewees in Taiwan, hindered by language barriers, face difficulties in interacting with foreign migrant workers. Consequently, they tend to avoid verbal interactions and spend less time with patients. The nurse-patient relationship focuses on task-focused care. Due to the limitations of interpreter availability and immediacy, nursing staff resort to various communication strategies. Furthermore, they may prearrange interpreter assistance as requested by physicians to address language barriers. In some cases, they only seek ad hoc interpreters when deemed clinically necessary. Faced with the complexities and uncertainties of clinical work, although nursing staff are aware of the possible negative effects of the intervention of ad hoc interpreters, they still see the value of interpreters. To conclude, they acknowledge the need for professional interpreters. However, due to the difficulty of seeking interpreters, and the involvement of stakeholders, the demand for its use seems to be lower than expected. Bases on the critical finding, the feasibility of medical interpreters for clinical development is an issue that future advocates for interpreter services should consider. Finally, the study provides recommendations for future researchers.
于豎惠、鄭婉如、馬瑞菊(2021)•一位外籍病人突發腳中風之照護經驗•志為護理-慈濟護理雜誌,20(2),109-118。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=16831624-202104-202104280007-202104280007-109-118
內政部全球資訊網(2023)•消除對婦女一切形式歧視公約(CEDAW)教育訓練教材•內政部全球資訊網。
方炳超(2017年8月24日)•新南向人才缺很大!全台移工人數達 65 萬僅 1 家醫院有專職通譯?•風傳媒。https://www.storm.mg/article/318456
王文科、王智弘(2020)•教育研究法•五南圖書出版股份有限公司。
王仕圖、吳慧敏(2003)•深度訪談與案例演練•載於齊力、林本炫(主編),質性研究方法與資料分析 (頁95-113)•南華教社所。
王玉媚、韓錦樺、黃美智(2007)•通譯員-搭起醫護人員與外籍病患溝通的橋樑•護理雜誌,54(4),73-77。https://doi.org/10.6224/JN.54.4.73
王志豪(2014)•外籍配偶通譯人員訓練成效之評估•〔碩士論文,國立政治大學〕。https://hdl.handle.net/11296/bhb9au。
王英偉、魏米秀、張美娟(2017)•健康識能與醫病共享決策•醫療品質雜誌,11(4),42-49。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=a0000532-201707-201707250031-201707250031-42-49
王桂芸(2015)•醫院護理人員執行護理專業、照顧工作內容及時間配置初探(M03F5351)•衛生福利部 103 年度委託科技計畫案期末報告。
何雪綾、林耀盛(2020)•末期醫療決策中的病人自主:以病人為中心的思考•應用心理研究,(72),91-130。https://doi.org/10.3966/156092512020060072003
吳佩玲(2018)•多語醫療通譯:失衡的醫病溝通•翻譯學研究集刊,(22),101-126。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=a0000024-201812-201901070031-201901070031-101-126
李立心(2018)•初探北台灣醫療體系中的口譯需求:醫師觀點•〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。https://hdl.handle.net/11296/xx32c7
李宜恭(2016)•醫病共享決策經驗分享•醫療品質雜誌,10(4),32-35。
https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=a0000532-201607-201608010013-201608010013-32-35
Earl R. Babbie(1998)•社會科學研究方法(李美華等譯;8版)•時英。(原著出版於1998年)
周小琪(2021)•新住民女性健康資訊需求與資訊行為研究•〔碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學〕。https://hdl.handle.net/11296/86kffg
周彥甫(2019)•由醫師觀點探討臺灣醫療通譯現況•〔碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學〕。https://hdl.handle.net/11296/855y2q
林本炫(2007)•不同質性研究方法的資料分析比較•載於周平、楊弘任(主編),質性研究方法的眾聲喧嘩(初版,127-150頁)•南華大學教育社會學研究所。
林金定、嚴嘉楓、陳美花(2005)•質性研究方法:訪談模式與實施步驟分析•身心障礙研究季刊,3(2),122-136。https://doi.org/10.30072/JDR.200506.0005
林奕瑩、張翠容、吳藹如、林淑娟、陳克仁(2012)•降低門診人員英語口語表達焦慮之改善方案•馬偕護理雜誌,6(2) ,28-36。https://doi.org/10.29415/JMKN.201207_6(2).0003
林遠澤(2008)•療癒性的交談-論交互主體性的護病互動關係•護理雜誌,55(1),14-19。https://doi.org/10.6224/JN.55.1.14
法務部全國法規資料庫工作小組(2022)•醫療事故預防及爭議處理法•全國法規資料庫。https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=L0020227
金惠康(2003)•跨文化交際翻譯(初版)•中國對外翻譯出版公司。
金惠康(2004)•跨文化交際翻譯續編(初版)•中國對外翻譯出版公司。
侯英泠(2002)•良性醫病關係之建立•應用倫理研究通訊,(21),36-40。
Singletary, M.(1997)•大眾傳播研究方法(施美玲譯;初版)•五南圖書出版。(原著出版於1994年)
施雅婷(2020)•臺灣印尼語社區口譯員遇到的問題與解決策略•〔碩士論文,臺灣大學〕。https://hdl.handle.net/11296/5m97c9
洪湘鳳(2013)•新住民通譯制度之研究•〔碩士論文,輔仁大學〕。https://hdl.handle.net/11296/mxh6u2
胡幼慧(1996)•質性研究:理論、方法及本土女性研究實例• 台北巨流。
范明瑛(2011)•台灣醫療通譯現況調查:以新北市衛生所通譯員為例〔碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學〕。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0021-1610201315254839
高淑清(2001)•在美華人留學生太太的生活世界:詮釋與反思•本土心理學研究,(16),225-285。https://doi.org/10.6254/2001.16.225
高淑清(2008)• 質性研究的 18 堂課: 首航初探之旅(初版)•麗文文化事業股份有限公司。
國際醫療管理工作小組(2023 年 04 月 21 日)•國際醫療管理工作小組•Medical Travel Taiwan。https://www.medicaltravel.org.tw/Article.aspx?a=18&l=1
張文英(2010)•外籍配偶生育保健通譯員成效評估--影響因素及介入措施之研究(DOH99-HP-1204)•行政院衛生署國民健康局。https://www.gender.ey.gov.tw/Research/Detail.aspx?sn=iyjO7bpyEmK1KBi%2Fpcwd3Q%3D%3D
張紅玲(2007)•跨文化外語教學(初版)•上海外语教育出版社。
張家瑋(2021)•探討醫療口譯需求與外籍人士在台灣就醫現況之研究•〔碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學〕。https://hdl.handle.net/11296/4znqvx
張媚、余玉眉(2010)•護理人力及專科護理師制度: 願景與挑戰(初版)•國家衛生研究院。
張媚、余玉眉、陳月枝、田聖芳(2005)•台灣護理人力規劃研究•台灣醫學,9(2),149-156。https://doi.org/10.6320/FJM.2005.9(2).01
張睿耘(2014)•一位東南亞裔社區口譯員的自述•〔碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學〕。https://hdl.handle.net/11296/46449q
張慧美(2019)•臺灣北部地區越南女性新住民之就醫經驗與醫病關係〔碩士論文,國立暨南國際大學〕。https://doi.org/10.6837/ncnu201900304
梁莉芳(2019)•結構性脆弱的悲歌:外籍漁工的日常工作與健康經驗•人文及社會科學集刊,31(2),263-300。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=1018189X-201906-201907110015-201907110015-263-300
莊惟智(2009)•探討護理人員與外籍看護工之跨文化溝通•〔碩士論文,慈濟大學〕。https://hdl.handle.net/11296/73722s
莊曉霞、劉弘毅(2012)•「知道,其實是不懂的意思」:談新移民社會工作與語言•東吳社會工作學報,(23),121-144。https://doi.org/10.29734/SJSW.201206.0004
許金川(2006 年01月15日)•中醫的肝 西醫的肝大不同•好心肝會刊第33期。https://www.liver.org.tw/journalView.php?cat=51&sid=646&page=7
郭芳秀、黃惠滿、孫凡軻、林婉如(2019)•加護病房護理人員人際溝通能力與衝突處理風格•護理雜誌,66(2),67-76。https://doi.org/10.6224/JN.201904_66(2).09
陳介玄(2004)•企業研究的深度訪談與資料分析•載於林本炫、何明修(主編),質性研究方法及其超越(初版, 81-100頁)•南華大學教育社會學研究所。
陳可欣、高靖秋(2017)•醫病共享決策中的「病人偏好及價值觀」•醫療品質雜誌,11(4),31-37。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=a0000532-201707-201707250031-201707250031-31-37
陳向明(2002)•社學科學質的研究(初版)•五南圖書出版股份有限公司。
陳美如、湯澡薰、鄭惠美、邱文祥(2007)•臺北市新移民健康宣導資訊來源管道之分析•健康促進暨衛生教育雜誌,(27),115-131。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=15613852-200712-x-27-115-131-a
陳益新(2020)•影響外籍人士在台灣初次就醫之因素•〔碩士論文,中山醫學大學〕。https://doi.org/10.6834/csmu202000111
陳敏郎、邱政元(2009)•在台外籍勞工的醫療可近性及其就醫行為之研究─以台灣中部中小型製造業工廠的泰籍勞工為例•弘光學報,(55),97-110。https://doi.org/10.6615/HAR.200904.55.08
陳惠玉(2013)•跨文化醫療中台灣醫師與東南亞籍病患之互動-醫師的觀點•〔碩士論文,國立暨南國際大學〕。https://hdl.handle.net/11296/34n6pg。
陳嘉怡、張箴(2021)•我國新住民通譯人員培訓與機制發展-以澳洲國家級通譯認證制度 NAATI 為借鑒•新住民發展基金補助研究報告。https://ifi.immigration.gov.tw/wSite/public/Data/f1630389517473.pdf
陳綾穗(1999)•外籍勞工醫療可近性與醫療利用研究•〔碩士論文,中國醫藥學院醫務管理所〕。
勞動部統計處(2022 年 04 月 20 日)•110年底產業及社福移工概況統計通報•勞動部全球資訊網。https://doi.org/10.6916/STPIRP.2019-06-20
鈕文英(2017)•質性研究方法與論文寫作(增訂三版)• 臺北雙葉書廊。
黃玉珠(2012)•四方友善五語倫比:新移民跨文化就醫困境與社區護理人員跨文化照顧能力的探討•護理雜誌,59(2),17-22。https://doi.org/10.6224/JN.59.2.16
黃國彥(2000)•教育大辭書:內容分析法•國家教育研究院樂詞網。https://terms.naer.edu.tw/detail/c570ca654b6a6073e53f73c69c514720/?seq=15
黃達夫(1999)• 用心聆聽: 黃達夫改寫醫病關係(初版)•天下遠見出版股份有限公司。
楊金滿、葉念雲、沙信輝(2010)•通譯人才資料庫使用平台執行情形之研究•內政部入出國及移民署自行研究報告。https://www.immigration.gov.tw/media/6021/%E9%80%9A%E8%AD%AF%E4%BA%BA%E6%89%8D%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99%E5%BA%AB%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E5%9F%B7%E8%A1%8C%E6%83%85%E5%BD%A2%E4%B9%8B%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6.pdf
楊皓清(2015 年10 月14 日)•法院通譯制度再精進•財團法人法律扶助基金會第43期會訊電子報。https://www.laf.org.tw/index.php?action=media_detail&p=1&id=166
萬文隆(2004)•深度訪談在質性研究中的應用•生活科技教育,37(4),17-23。https://doi.org/10.6232/LTE.2004.37(4).4
葉肅科(2017)•健康、疾病與醫療: 醫療社會學新論(增訂三版)•三民書局股份有限公司。
廖婉吟(2011)•基層醫師跨文化醫療照護能力及相關因素之研究•〔碩士論文,國防醫學院〕。
廖熏香(2017)•淺談醫病共享決策•澄清醫護管理雜誌,13(2),4-8。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=18136702-201704-201704050017-201704050017-4-8
監察院(2018)•「新住民融入臺灣社會所衍生之相關權益探討」通案性案件調查研究報告•作者。
裴恩(2011)•非營利組織社區口譯之品質與倫理初探:以伊甸社會福利基金會與臺北市賽珍珠基金會為例•〔碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學〕。https://hdl.handle.net/11296/msd646
趙乃樺、李曉芬、李心瑜、賀倫惠、王琦(2014)•改善手術全期護理人員執行前護理評估之專案-以新住民手術病人為例•榮總護理,31(4),352-360。https://doi.org/10.6142/VGHN.31.4.352
劉彩娥、王萬琳、應立志(2014)•醫師與病患對醫病關係模式之看法分析•管理實務與理論研究,8(3),54-66。https://doi.org/10.29916/JMPP.201409_8(3).0004
劉梅君(2022)•外籍移工管理法制的回顧及其生活照顧的未竟之地•臺灣勞工季刊,(72),42-53。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=P20170803002-N202301140006-00005
蔡文正、龔佩珍、陳綾穗(2001)•外籍勞工是否延誤就醫及其相關因素之研究• 公共衛生,28(2),109-122。https://tpl.ncl.edu.tw/NclService/JournalContentDetail?SysId=A01021129
蔡世滋(1991)•醫病關係•臨床醫學, 28(2) ,83-93。
John R. Williams(2005)•世界醫師會醫學倫理手冊(吳運東、黃崑巖、蔡甫昌、尹彙文譯;初版)•中華民國醫師公會全聯會。(原著出版於1942年)
蔡依倫、董鈺琪、鄭雅文(2019)•從醫師經驗探討醫院的醫療糾紛處理制度• 台灣公共衛生雜誌,38(2),178-188。https://doi.org/10.6288/TJPH.201904_38(2).107107
衛生福利部臺灣病人安全資訊網(2022 年 04 月 15 日)•名詞釋義•作者。https://www.patientsafety.mohw.gov.tw/xcdoc?xsmsid=0M068632754819027320
鄭姍姍、王勝石、賴彥如(2016)•新住民看診流程障礙因素:以醫療資訊系統發展為主體作為解決方案•新住民發展基金補助研究報告。
鄭舒倖、蕭宇涵、李孟智(2022)•全人照護及其教育訓練與評值• 醫療品質雜誌, 16(1) ,42-47。https://doi.org/10.53106/199457952022011601007
盧瑞芬、謝啟瑞(2000)•醫療經濟學(初版)•學富文化事業有限公司。
蕭照平(2019年08月15日)•強化東南語診間通譯人才衛福部將開培訓課•中央廣播電台電子報。https://www.rti.org.tw/news/view/id/2031046
聯新國際醫療(2022年12月12日)•培育醫療通譯人才優化國際醫療服務鏈•聯新國際醫療。https://www.landseed.com.tw/news-list/view/af498309779A
薛婕(2021年12月31日)•移動人權特展:「我們要的是勞動力,來的卻是人」,但台灣社會卻常忘記這件事實•關鍵評論。https://www.thenewslens.com/article/160904/page2
謝金杏、張詠涵、吳淑美(2018)•小組遊戲教學策略於課程之運用—以醫學術語為例•護理雜誌, 65(6),111-116。https://doi.org/10.6224/JN.201812_65(6).14
藍佩嘉(2006)•合法的奴工,法外的自由:外籍勞工的控制與出走•台灣社會研究季刊,(64),107-150。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Publication/Index/10219528-200612-x-64-107-150-a
顏芳姿(2013)•一體兩面:臺灣通譯的角色及其在醫病溝通的能動性•華人應用人類學學刊, 2(1),87-110。https://doi.org/10.6290/CJAA.2013.0201.06
顧玉玲(2013)•跛腳的偽自由市場:檢析台灣外勞政策的三大矛盾•台灣人權學刊, 2(2),93-112。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=22246622-201312-201312250033-201312250033-93-112
英文文獻
Abbato, S., Ryan, J., Skelly, C., & Good, P. (2018). The other side of “getting by”: A case study of interpreting provision decision-making and consequences for patients. Cogent Medicine, 5(1), 1483096. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331205X.2018.1483096
Arqoub, I. A., & Alserhan, F. A. (2019). Non-verbal barriers to effective intercultural communication. Utopía y praxis latinoamericana: revista internacional de filosofía iberoamericana y teoría social, (5), 307-316.
Al Shamsi, H., Almutairi, A. G., Al Mashrafi, S., & Al Kalbani, T. (2020). Implications of language barriers for healthcare: A systematic review. Oman medical journal, 35(2), e122. https://doi.org/10.5001/omj.2020.40
Ali, P. A., & Johnson, S. (2017). Speaking my patient's language: bilingual nurses’ perspective about provision of language concordant care to patients with limited English proficiency. Journal of advanced nursing, 73(2), 421-432. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.13143
Ali, P. A., & Watson, R. (2018). Language barriers and their impact on provision of care to patients with limited English proficiency: Nurses' perspectives. Journal of clinical nursing, 27(5-6), e1152-e1160. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.14204
Alm-Pfrunder, A. B., Falk, A. C., Vicente, V., & Lindström, V. (2018). Prehospital emergency care nurses' strategies while caring for patients with limited Swedish-English proficiency. Journal of clinical nursing, 27(19-20), 3699-3705. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.14484
Alshammari, M., Duff, J., & Guilhermino, M. (2019). Barriers to nurse–patient communication in Saudi Arabia: an integrative review. BMC Nursing, 18(1), 61. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-019-0385-4
Angelelli, C. V. (2004). Medical Interpreting and cross-cultural Communication. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511486616
Angelelli, C. V. (2006). Validating professional standards and codes: Challenges and opportunities. Interpreting, 8(2), 175-193. https://doi.org/10.1075/intp.8.2.04ang
Anoosheh, M., Zarkhah, S., Faghihzadeh, S., & Vaismoradi, M. (2009). Nurse-patient communication barriers in Iranian nursing. International nursing review, 56(2), 243-249. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-7657.2008.00697.x
Avery, M. P. B. (2001). The role of the health care interpreter: An evolving dialogue. The National Council on Interpreting in Health Care. https://memberfiles.freewebs.com/17/56/66565617/documents/The%20role_of_health_care_interpreter.pdf
Baker, D. W., Hayes, R., & Fortier, J. P. (1998). Interpreter use and satisfaction with interpersonal aspects of care for Spanish-speaking patients. Medical care, 36(10), 1461-1470. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005650-199810000-00004
Baker, D. W., Parker, R. M., Williams, M. V., Coates, W. C., & Pitkin, K. (1996). Use and effectiveness of interpreters in an emergency department. JAMA, 275(10), 783-788.
Bassnett, S., & Lefevere, A. (1990). Translation, History, and Culture. Pinter Publishers. https://books.google.com.tw/books?id=GlViAAAAMAAJ
Bernard, A., Whitaker, M., Ray, M., Rockich, A., Barton-Baxter, M., Barnes, S. L., Boulanger, B., Tsuei, B., & Kearney, P. (2006). Impact of language barrier on acute care medical professionals is dependent upon role. Journal of professional nursing : official journal of the American Association of Colleges of Nursing, 22(6), 355–358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2006.09.001
Bischoff, A. (2006). Caring for migrant and minority patients in European hospitals: a review of effective interventions.SFM. https://libra.unine.ch/handle/123456789/18074
Bischoff, A., Bovier, P. A., Rrustemi, I., Gariazzo, F., Eytan, A., & Loutan, L. (2003). Language barriers between nurses and asylum seekers: their impact on symptom reporting and referral. Social science & medicine (1982), 57(3), 503-512. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0277-9536(02)00376-3
Bischoff, A., & Denhaerynck, K. (2010). What do language barriers cost? An exploratory study among asylum seekers in Switzerland. BMC health services research, 10, 248. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-10-248
Blumenthal-Barby, J. S. (2017). ‘That’s the doctor’s job’: Overcoming patient reluctance to be involved in medical decision making. Patient Education and Counseling, 100(1), 14-17. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2016.07.010
Bonacruz Kazzi, G., & Cooper, C. (2003). Barriers to the use of interpreters in emergency room paediatric consultations. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 39(4), 259-263. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1754.2003.00135.x
Bowen, S. (2001,Nov). Language barriers in access to health care. Health Canada. https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/health-care-system/reports-publications/health-care-accessibility/language-barriers.html
Bowen, S. (2004). Language barriers within the Winnipeg Regional Health Authority: Evidence and implications. Winnipeg Regional Health Authority.
Bowen, S. (2015, August). The impact of language barriers on patient safety and quality of care. Société Santé en français. https://www.santefrancais.ca/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/SSF-Bowen-S.-Language-Barriers-Study-1.pdf
Boyce, C., & Neale, P. (2006). Conducting in-depth interviews: A guide for designing and conducting in-depth interviews for evaluation input (Vol. 2). Watertown, MA: Pathfinder international.
Bridges, J., Nicholson, C., Maben, J., Pope, C., Flatley, M., Wilkinson, C., Meyer, J., & Tziggili, M. (2013). Capacity for care: meta-ethnography of acute care nurses' experiences of the nurse-patient relationship. Journal of advanced nursing, 69(4), 760–772. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.12050
Bührig, K., & Meyer, B. (2004). Ad hoc-interpreting and the achievement of communicative purposes in doctor-patient-communication. Multilingual communication, 3, 43-62.
Cahill, J. (1998). Patient participation--a review of the literature. Journal of clinical nursing, 7(2), 119-128.
Cano-Ibáñez, N., Zolfaghari, Y., Amezcua-Prieto, C., & Khan, K. S. (2021). Physician-patient language discordance and poor health outcomes: A systematic scoping review. Frontiers in public health, 9, 629041. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.629041
Carr, S. E., Steyn, D., Dufour, A., & Roberts, R. P. (1997). The Critical Link: Interpreters in the community. The Critical Link, 1-330.
Carrasquillo, O., Orav, E. J., Brennan, T. A., & Burstin, H. R. (1999). Impact of language barriers on patient satisfaction in an emergency department. Journal of general internal medicine, 14(2), 82-87. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1497.1999.00293.x
Catford, J. C. (1965). A linguistic theory of translation:An Essay in Applied Linguistics. London: Oxford University Press.
Chan, A., & Woodruff, R. K. (1999). Comparison of palliative care needs of English- and non-English-speaking patients. Journal of palliative care, 15(1), 26-30.
Charmaz, K. (1990). ‘Discovering’ chronic illness: Using grounded theory. Social Science & Medicine, 30(11), 1161-1172. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(90)90256-R
Charmaz, K. (2006). Constructing Grounded Theory: A Practical Guide Through Qualitative Analysis.Sage.
Chen, A. H., Youdelman, M. K., & Brooks, J. (2007). The legal framework for language access in healthcare settings: Title VI and beyond. J Gen Intern Med, 22 Suppl 2(Suppl 2), 362-367. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-007-0366-2
California Healthcare Interpreters Association. (2002). California standards for healthcare interpreters: Ethical principles, protocols, and guidance on roles & intervention. Sacramento, California: California Endowment. https://chia.wildapricot.org/Resources/Documents/CHIA%20Standards/standards_chia.pdf
Chipidza, F. E., Wallwork, R. S., & Stern, T. A. (2015). Impact of the doctor-patient relationship. The primary care companion for CNS disorders, 17(5). https://doi.org/10.4088/PCC.15f01840
Chow, C. M., Chu, J. Y., Tu, J. V., & Moe, G. W. (2008). Lack of awareness of heart disease and stroke among Chinese Canadians: results of a pilot study of the Chinese Canadian Cardiovascular Health Project. The Canadian journal of cardiology, 24(8), 623-628. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0828-282x(08)70650-0
Clarke, G., Hall, R. T., & Rosencrance, G. (2004). Physician-Patient Relations: No more models. The American Journal of Bioethics, 4(2), 16-19. https://doi.org/10.1162/152651604323097934
Cleary, L. M. (2013). Cross-cultural research with integrity: Collected wisdom from researchers in social settings. Springer. https://books.google.com.tw/books?id=wz--qn6m8vQC
Coleman, J. S., & Angosta, A. D. (2017). The lived experiences of acute-care bedside registered nurses caring for patients and their families with limited English proficiency: A silent shift. Journal of clinical nursing, 26(5-6), 678-689. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.13567
Corsellis, A. (2005). Training interpreters to work in the public services. In Tennent, M. (Ed.), Training for the New Millennium: Pedagogies for Translation and Interpreting (pp. 153-173). John Benjamins Publishing.
Cortis, J. D. (2004). Meeting the needs of minority ethnic patients. Journal of advanced nursing, 48(1), 51-58. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2004.03168.x
Costa, J. W. S., Dantas, F. G., Oliveira, P. M., Medeiros, C. A. d. S., Dantas, B. T., & Araújo, G. d. S. M. M. d.(2020). Barriers and strategies in the nursing handover of critically ill patients: Integrative review. Online Brazilian Journal of Nursing, 19(2). https://www.objnursing.uff.br/index.php/nursing/article/view/6204
D'Souza, A., Pasquini, M., & Spellecy, R. (2015). Is 'informed consent' an 'understood consent' in hematopoietic cell transplantation? Bone Marrow Transplant, 50(1), 10-14. https://doi.org/10.1038/bmt.2014.207
D'Souza, A. N., Canoso, A., & Smith, L. J. (2021). Improving communication on medical ward rounds with patients who speak limited English with implementation of medical communication charts. BMJ Open Qual, 10(3). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjoq-2021-001389
Dag, H. (2017). The nursing care given for Immigrant women with language barrier in clinics of Gynecology and Obstetrics of Turkey. JOJ Nursing & Health Care, 2(1), 107-108.
Davidson, B. (2000). The interpreter as institutional gatekeeper: The social-linguistic role of interpreters in Spanish-English medical discourse. Journal of Sociolinguistics, 4, 379-405. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9481.00121
de Moissac, D., & Bowen, S. (2019). Impact of language barriers on quality of care and patient safety for official language minority francophones in Canada. Journal of patient experience, 6(1), 24-32. https://doi.org/10.1177/2374373518769008
Degner, L. F., & Sloan, J. A. (1992). Decision making during serious illness: What role do patients really want to play? Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 45(9), 941-950. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/0895-4356(92)90110-9
Denzin, N. K. (2017). The research act: A theoretical introduction to sociological methods. Transaction publishers.
Department of Home Affairs. (2020). 2019 – 20 Migration Program Report. Australian Government. https://www.homeaffairs.gov.au/research-and-stats/files/report-migration-program-2019-20.pdf
Diamond, L. C., Tuot, D. S., & Karliner, L. S. (2012). The use of Spanish language skills by physicians and nurses: policy implications for teaching and testing. Journal of general internal medicine, 27(1), 117-123. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-011-1779-5
DuBard, C. A., Garrett, J., & Gizlice, Z. (2006). Effect of language on heart attack and stroke awareness among U.S. Hispanics. American journal of preventive medicine, 30(3), 189-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2005.10.024
Dworkin, S. L. (2012). Sample size policy for qualitative studies using In-depth interviews. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 41(6), 1319-1320. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-012-0016-6
Edwards, R., & Holland, J. (2013). What is qualitative interviewing?. Bloomsbury Academic. https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/58752
Edwards, R., Temple, B., & Alexander, C. (2005). Users’ experiences of interpreters: The critical role of trust. Interpreting, 7(1), 77-95. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1075/intp.7.1.05edw
Emanuel, E. J., & Emanuel, L. L. (1992). Four models of the physician-patient relationship. JAMA, 267(16), 2221-2226.
Erasmus, M. (2000). “Community Interpreting” in South Africa: Current trends and future prospects. In The Critical Link 2 (p. 191). John Benjamins.
Ertl, A., & Pöllabauer, S. (2010). Training (medical) interpreters—the key to good practice. MedInt: a joint european training perspective. Journal of Specialised Translation, 14, 166-193.
Espondaburu, L. (2009). Interpreting bad news: What interpreters might learn from medical training and research. The ATA Chronicle, 13(1), 12-18.
Evans, Y. N., Rafton, S. A., Michel, E., & Ebel, B. E. (2018). Provider language proficiency and decision-making when caring for limited English proficiency children and families. Journal of the National Medical Association, 110(3), 212-218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnma.2017.06.002
Fadiman, A. (1997). When the spirit catches you and you fall down: A Hmong child, her American doctors, and the collision of two cultures. Farrar. Straus, and Giroux: New York.
Fatahi, N. (2010). Cross-cultural encounters through interpreter - Experiences of patients, interpreters and healthcare professionals. [doctoral dissertation]. Institute of Clinical Sciences at Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg. https://gupea.ub.gu.se/handle/2077/22221
Fatahi, N., Mattsson, B., Lundgren, S. M., & Hellström, M. (2010). Nurse radiographers' experiences of communication with patients who do not speak the native language. Journal of advanced nursing, 66(4), 774-783. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2009.05236.x
Fleischer, S., Berg, A., Zimmermann, M., Wüste, K., & Behrens, J. (2009). Nurse-patient interaction and communication: A systematic literature review. Journal of Public Health, 17(5), 339-353. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-008-0238-1
Flores, G. (2000). Culture and the patient-physician relationship: achieving cultural competency in health care. The Journal of pediatrics, 136(1), 14-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3476(00)90043-x
Flores, G. (2005). The impact of medical interpreter services on the quality of health care: a systematic review. Medical care research and review : MCRR, 62(3), 255-299. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077558705275416
Flores, G., Abreu, M., Barone, C. P., Bachur, R., & Lin, H. (2012). Errors of medical interpretation and their potential clinical consequences: a comparison of professional versus ad hoc versus no interpreters. Annals of emergency medicine, 60(5), 545-553. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2012.01.025
Flores, G., Abreu, M., Schwartz, I., & Hill, M. (2000). The importance of language and culture in pediatric care: case studies from the Latino community. The Journal of pediatrics, 137(6), 842-848. https://doi.org/10.1067/mpd.2000.109150
Freidson, E. (1988). Profession of medicine: A study of the sociology of applied knowledge. University of Chicago Press.
Gagnon, A. J. (2004). The responsiveness of the Canadian health care system towards newcomers. In P.-G. Forest, G. P. Marchildon, & T. Mclntosh (Eds.), Changing Health Care in Canada: The Romanow Papers, Volume 2 (pp. 349–388). University of Toronto Press. http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.3138/9781442672833.16
Galinato, J., Montie, M., Shuman, C., Patak, L., & Titler, M. (2016). Perspectives of nurses on patients with limited English proficiency and their call light use. Global qualitative nursing research, 3. https://doi.org/10.1177/2333393616637764
Gardam, M., Verma, G., Campbell, A., Wang, J., & Khan, K. (2009). Impact of the patient-provider relationship on the survival of foreign born outpatients with tuberculosis. Journal of immigrant and minority health, 11(6), 437-445. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-008-9221-8
Gaston, C. M., & Mitchell, G. (2005). Information giving and decision-making in patients with advanced cancer: a systematic review. Social science & medicine (1982), 61(10), 2252–2264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.04.015
Gawande, A. (2002). Complications: A surgeon’s guide to an imperfect science. New York: Henry Holt.
Gentile, A., Ozolins, U. E., & Vasilakakos, M. (1996). Liaison Interpreting: A Handbook. Carlton South,Vic., Australia:Melbourne University Press.
Gerchow, L., Burka, L. R., Miner, S., & Squires, A. (2021). Language barriers between nurses and patients: A scoping review. Patient Education and Counseling, 104(3), 534-553. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2020.09.017
Gerrish, K. (2001). The nature and effect of communication difficulties arising from interactions between district nurses and South Asian patients and their carers. Journal of advanced nursing, 33(5), 566-574. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.2001.01674.x
Gerrish, K., Chau, R., Sobowale, A., & Birks, E. (2004). Bridging the language barrier: The use of interpreters in primary care nursing. Health & social care in the community, 12(5), 407-413. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2524.2004.00510.x
Giger, J. N., & Haddad, L. (2020). Transcultural nursing-e-book: Assessment and intervention. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Aldine Publishing.
Goffman, E. (1961). Encounters: Two studies in the sociology of interaction. Ravenio Books.
Goldstein, S. B. (2019). Cross-cultural explorations: Activities in culture and psychology. Routledge.
Gonzalez, J. (2005). How to use an interpreter effectively. Occupational Therapy Now, 7(2), 7-9.
Gracia-García, R. A. (2002). Telephone interpreting: A review of pros and cons. In Proceedings of the 43rd annual conference (pp. 195-216). Alexandria, Virginia, American Translators Association.
Granhagen Jungner, J., Tiselius, E., Blomgren, K., Lutzen, K., & Pergert, P. (2019). Language barriers and the use of professional interpreters: A national multisite cross-sectional survey in pediatric oncology care. Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden), 58(7), 1015-1020. https://doi.org/10.1080/0284186X.2019.1594362
Granhagen Jungner, J., Tiselius, E., & Pergert, P. (2021). Reasons for not using interpreters to secure patient-safe communication - A national cross-sectional study in paediatric oncology. Patient education and counseling, 104(8), 1985-1992. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2021.01.017
Grbić, N., & Pöllabauer, S. (2006). Community interpreting: Signed or spoken? Types, modes, and methods. Linguistica Antverpiensia, New Series–Themes in Translation Studies, 5. https://doi.org/10.52034/lanstts.v5i.163
Grffith, R., & Tengnah, C. (2013). Shared decision-making: nurses must respect autonomy over paternalism. British journal of community nursing, 18(6), 303-306. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjcn.2013.18.6.303
Ha, J. F., & Longnecker, N. (2010). Doctor-patient communication: A review. Ochsner Journal, 10(1), 38-43.
Hadziabdic, E. (2011). The use of interpreter in healthcare: Perspectives of individuals, healthcare staff and families [Doctoral dissertation]. Linnaeus University Press.
Hadziabdic, E., Albin, B., Heikkilä, K., & Hjelm, K. (2010). Healthcare staffs perceptions of using interpreters : A qualitative study. Primary Health Care Research and Development, 11(3), 260–270. https://doi.org/10.1017/S146342361000006X
Hadziabdic, E., & Hjelm, K. (2013). Working with interpreters: practical advice for use of an interpreter in healthcare. International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare, 11(1), 69-76. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-1609.12005
Haffner L. (1992). Translation is not enough. Interpreting in a medical setting. The Western journal of medicine, 157(3), 255–259.
Hagerty, T., Samuels, W., Norcini Pala, A., & Gigliotti, E. (2017). Peplau’s theory of interpersonal relations: An alternate factor structure for patient experience data? Nursing Science Quarterly, 30, 160-167. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894318417693286
Hale, S. (2007). Community interpreting. Palgrave Macmillan London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230593442
Hale, S. (2014). Interpreting culture. Dealing with cross-cultural issues in court interpreting. Perspectives, 22(3), 321-331. https://doi.org/10.1080/0907676X.2013.827226
Hale, S., & Luzardo, C. (1997). What am I expected to do? The interpreter’s ethical dilemma. A study of Arabic, Spanish and Vietnamese speakers’ perceptions and expectations of interpreters. Antipodean. The Australian Translation Journal, 1(October), 10-16.
Hall, E. T. (1976). Beyond culture. Anchor.
Hart, P. L., & Mareno, N. (2014). Cultural challenges and barriers through the voices of nurses. Journal of clinical nursing, 23(15-16), 2223–2232. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.12500
Hayward, R. M., & Tuckey, M. R. (2011). Emotions in uniform: How nurses regulate emotion at work via emotional boundaries. Human Relations, 64(11), 1501-1523. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726711419539
Heath, M., Hvass, A. M. F., & Wejse, C. M. (2023). Interpreter services and effect on healthcare - a systematic review of the impact of different types of interpreters on patient outcome. Journal of migration and health, 7, 100162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmh.2023.100162
Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture's Consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions and organizations across nations.sage.
House, J. (1997). Translation quality assessment: A model revisited. Tübingen: Gunter Narr Verlag.
Hsieh, E. (2006). Understanding medical interpreters: Reconceptualizing bilingual health communication. Health communication, 20(2), 177-186. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327027hc2002_9
Hsieh, E. (2007). Interpreters as co-diagnosticians: Overlapping roles and services between providers and interpreters. Social science & medicine, 64(4), 924-937. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.10.015
Hsieh, E., & Hong, S. J. (2010). Not all are desired: providers' views on interpreters' emotional support for patients. Patient education and counseling, 81(2), 192-197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2010.04.004
Huang, Y. C., & Mathers, N. J. (2008). Postnatal depression and the experience of South Asian marriage migrant women in Taiwan: Survey and semi-structured interview study. International journal of nursing studies, 45(6), 924-931. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2007.02.006
Hultsjö, S., & Hjelm, K. (2005). Immigrants in emergency care: Swedish health care staff's experiences. International nursing review, 52(4), 276-285. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-7657.2005.00418.x
Hunt, L. M., & de Voogd, K. B. (2007). Are good intentions good enough? Informed consent without trained interpreters. Journal of general internal medicine, 22(5), 598-605. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-007-0136-1
Ian, C., Nakamura-Florez, E., & Lee, Y. M. (2016). Registered nurses' experiences with caring for non-English speaking patients. Applied nursing research : ANR, 30, 257–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnr.2015.11.009
Ilesanmi, O. O. (2009). What is cross-cultural research? International Journal of Psychological Studies, 1(2), 82. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijps.v1n2p82
Irving, G., & Mosca, D. (2010). Future capacity needs in managing the health Aspects of migration. International Organization For Migration (IOM).
Jacobs, E., Chen, A. H., Karliner, L. S., Agger-Gupta, N., & Mutha, S. (2006). The need for more research on language barriers in health care: A proposed research agenda. The Milbank quarterly, 84(1), 111–133. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0009.2006.00440.x
Jacobs, E. A., Lauderdale, D. S., Meltzer, D., Shorey, J. M., Levinson, W., & Thisted, R. A. (2001). Impact of interpreter services on delivery of health care to limited-English-proficient patients. Journal of general internal medicine, 16(7), 468-474. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016007468.x
Jacobs, E. A., Shepard, D. S., Suaya, J. A., & Stone, E. L. (2004). Overcoming language barriers in health care: Costs and benefits of interpreter services. American journal of public health, 94(5), 866-869. https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.94.5.866
Jaeger, F. N., Kiss, L., Hossain, M., & Zimmerman, C. (2013). Migrant-friendly hospitals: A paediatric perspective--improving hospital care for migrant children. BMC Health Serv Res, 13, 389. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-13-389
Jewson, N. D. (1976). The disappearance of the sick-man from medical cosmology, 1770-1870. Sociology, 10(2),225-244. https://doi.org/10.1177/003803857601000202
John-Baptiste, A., Naglie, G., Tomlinson, G., Alibhai, S. M., Etchells, E., Cheung, A., Kapral, M., Gold, W. L., Abrams, H., Bacchus, M., & Krahn, M. (2004). The effect of English language proficiency on length of stay and in-hospital mortality. Journal of general internal medicine, 19(3), 221–228. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1497.2004.21205.x
Juckett, G., & Unger, K. (2014). Appropriate use of medical interpreters. American family physician, 90(7), 476-480.
Kale, E., & Syed, H. R. (2010). Language barriers and the use of interpreters in the public health services. A questionnaire-based survey. Patient Education and Counseling, 81(2), 187-191. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2010.05.002
Kapoor, R., Truong, A. T., Vu, C. N., & Truong, D. T. (2020). Successful verbal communication using Google translate to facilitate awake intubation of a patient with a language barrier: A case report. A&A practice, 14(4), 106–108. https://doi.org/10.1213/XAA.0000000000001158
Karliner, L. S., Auerbach, A., Nápoles, A., Schillinger, D., Nickleach, D., & Pérez-Stable, E. J. (2012). Language barriers and understanding of hospital discharge instructions. Medical Care, 50(4), 283-289. https://doi.org/10.1097/MLR.0b013e318249c949
Karliner, L. S., Jacobs, E. A., Chen, A. H., & Mutha, S. (2007). Do professional interpreters improve clinical care for patients with limited English proficiency? A systematic review of the literature. Health services research, 42(2), 727-754. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2006.00629.x
Kaufert, J. M., & Koolage, W. W. (1984). Role conflict among 'culture brokers': The experience of native Canadian medical interpreters. Social Science & Medicine, 18(3), 283-286. https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(84)90092-3
Kaufert, J. M., O'Neil, J. D., & Koolage, W. W. (1991). The cultural and political context of informed consent for native Canadians. Arctic medical research, Suppl, 181–184.
Kaufert, J. M., & Putsch, R. W. (1997). Communication through interpreters in healthcare: Ethical dilemmas arising from differences in class, culture, language, and power. The Journal of clinical ethics, 8(1), 71-87.
Kelly, N. (2008). A medical interpreter’s guide to telephone interpreting. Retrieved Jan 06, 2024, from https://www.imiaweb.org/uploads/pages/307_2.pdf
Khan, A., Parente, V., Baird, J. D., Patel, S. J., Cray, S., Graham, D. A., Halley, M., Johnson, T., Knoebel, E., Lewis, K. D., Liss, I., Romano, E. M., Trivedi, S., Spector, N. D., Landrigan, C. P., Patient and Family Centered I-PASS SCORE Scientific Oversight Committee, Bass, E. J., Calaman, S., Fegley, A. E., Knighton, A. J., … West, D. C. (2022). Association of patient and family reports of hospital safety climate with language proficiency in the US. JAMA pediatrics, 176(8), 776–786. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2022.1831
Kim, G., Aguado Loi, C. X., Chiriboga, D. A., Jang, Y., Parmelee, P., & Allen, R. S. (2011). Limited English proficiency as a barrier to mental health service use: A study of Latino and Asian immigrants with psychiatric disorders. Journal of psychiatric research, 45(1), 104-110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.04.031
Ko, L. (2015). Translation and cross-cultural communication studies in the Asia Pacific (Vol. 42). Brill.
Koller, W. (1995). The concept of equivalence and the object of translation studies. Target. International Journal of Translation Studies, 7(2), 191-222.
Kuo, D. Z., O'Connor, K. G., Flores, G., & Minkovitz, C. S. (2007). Pediatricians' use of language services for families with limited English proficiency. Pediatrics, 119(4), e920-927. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2006-1508
Kwan, M., Jeemi, Z., Norman, R., & Dantas, J. A. R. (2023). Professional interpreter services and the Impact on hospital care outcomes: An integrative review of literature. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(6), 5165. https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/6/5165
Kwortnik, R. J. (2003). Clarifying “fuzzy” hospitality-management problems with depth interviews and qualitative analysis. The Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 44(2), 117-129. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0010880403442011?casa_token=a7E5MTCKZkMAAAAA:vOYRsf0zTaEFkdSEMGke5vePYhjqXLmQlzngwa_M02tGd3TAlYou5CHWn7XGRtDyCI20FjSTxfrCTjw
Kynoe, N. M., Fugelseth, D., & Hanssen, I. (2020). When a common language is missing: Nurse-mother communication in the NICU. A qualitative study., Journal of clinical nursing,29(13-14), 2221-2230. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15212
Leanza, Y., Boivin, I., & Rosenberg, E. (2010). Interruptions and resistance: A comparison of medical consultations with family and trained interpreters. Social Science & Medicine, 70(12), 1888-1895. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.02.036
Lee, J. S., Nápoles, A., Mutha, S., Pérez-Stable, E. J., Gregorich, S. E., Livaudais-Toman, J., & Karliner, L. S. (2018). Hospital discharge preparedness for patients with limited English proficiency: A mixed methods study of bedside interpreter-phones. Patient education and counseling, 101(1), 25-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2017.07.026
Lien, P., Conway, M. M., & Wong, J. (2003). The contours and sources of ethnic identity choices among Asian Americans. Social Science Quarterly, 84(2), 461–481. http://www.jstor.org/stable/42955881
Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. SAGE.
Llopis, A. N. (2015). The influence of healthcare professionals on medical interpreting recognition and development of medical interpreting 1. Monografías De Traducción E Interpretación, 185–215. http://www.e-revistes.uji.es/index.php/monti/article/view/1971
Lyytikäinen, M., & Tran, M. (2017, Feb). Language barriers in nursing care.University of Gothenburg. https://gupea.ub.gu.se/handle/2077/51649?show=full
Mahdavi, M. (2020). The role of interpreters in healthcare in Australia [Doctoral dissertation]. Victoria University. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/42034/
Marcos, L. R. (1979). Effects of interpreters on the evaluation of psychopathology in non-English-speaking patients. The American journal of psychiatry, 136(2), 171-174. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.136.2.171
McCarthy, J., Cassidy, I., Graham, M. M., & Tuohy, D. (2013). Conversations through barriers of language and interpretation. British journal of nursing (Mark Allen Publishing), 22(6), 335-339. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2013.22.6.335
Meeuwesen, L., van den Brink-Muinen, A., & Hofstede, G. (2009). Can dimensions of national culture predict cross-national differences in medical communication? Patient education and counseling, 75(1), 58-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2008.09.015
Merriam, S. B., & Grenier, R. S. (2019). Qualitative research in practice: Examples for discussion and analysis. John Wiley & Sons.
Meyers, C. (1992). Hmong children and their families: Consideration of cultural influences in assessment. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 46(8), 737-744. https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.46.8.737
Mikkelson, H. (1996). The professionalization of community interpreting. Global vision: Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the American Translators Association, Alexandria, Virginia: American Translators Association, America.
Minichiello, V., Aroni, R., & Hays, T. N. (2008). In-depth interviewing: Principles, techniques, analysis. Pearson Education Australia.
Moghaddasi, H. (2019). Globally improving the quality of care: The role of WHO in controlling doctor dominance in the world. JOJ Nurse Health Care, 10(1), 1-3. https://doi.org/10.19080/JOJNHC.2019.10.555779
Molina-Mula, J., & Gallo-Estrada, J. (2020). Impact of nurse-patient relationship on quality of care and patient autonomy in decision-making. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(3),835. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17030835
Montie, M., Galinato, J. G., Patak, L., & Titler, M. (2016). Spanish-speaking limited English proficiency patients and call light use. Hispanic health care international : the official journal of the National Association of Hispanic Nurses, 14(2), 65–72. https://doi.org/10.1177/1540415316645919
Määttä, S. M. (2006). Closeness and distance in the nurse-patient relation. The relevance of Edith Stein's concept of empathy. Nursing philosophy : an international journal for healthcare professionals, 7(1), 3-10. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-769X.2006.00232.x
Morse, J. M. (1991). Negotiating commitment and involvement in the nurse-patient relationship. Journal of advanced nursing, 16(4), 455-468. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.1991.tb03436.x
Morse, J. M. (1994). Designing funded qualitative research. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (pp. 220–235). Sage Publications, Inc.
Migration Policy Institute.(2021,February 11). Statistics on immigrants and immigration in the United States. https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/frequently-requested-statistics-immigrants-and-immigration-united-states-2020
Murata, A. (2014). Doctor, nurse, patient relationships: Negotiating roles and power a case study of decision-making for C-sections. University of Michigan.https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/handle/2027.42/107761
Nailon, R. E. (2006). Nurses' concerns and practices with using interpreters in the care of Latino patients in the emergency department. Journal of transcultural nursing : official journal of the Transcultural Nursing Society,17(2), 119-128. https://doi.org/10.1177/1043659605285414
Nam, S., Chesla, C., Stotts, N. A., Kroon, L., & Janson, S. L. (2011). Barriers to diabetes management: Patient and provider factors. Diabetes research and clinical practice, 93(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2011.02.002
Newell, S., & Jordan, Z. (2015). The patient experience of patient-centered communication with nurses in the hospital setting: A qualitative systematic review protocol. JBI database of systematic reviews and implementation reports, 13(1), 76-87. https://doi.org/10.11124/jbisrir-2015-1072
Ngwakongnwi, E., Hemmelgarn, B. R., Musto, R., Quan, H., & King-Shier, K. M. (2012). Experiences of French speaking immigrants and non-immigrants accessing health care services in a large Canadian city. International journal of environmental research and public health, 9(10), 3755-3768. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph9103755
Nida, E. A. (1969). Toward a science of translating. With Special Reference to Principles and Procedures Involved in Bible Translating. Foundations of Language 5(3), 445-448.
Niiya, Y., Ellsworth, P. C., & Yamaguchi, S. (2006). Amae in Japan and the United States: An exploration of a "culturally unique" emotion. Emotion, 6(2), 279-295. https://doi.org/10.1037/1528-3542.6.2.279
Norouzinia, R., Aghabarari, M., Shiri, M., Karimi, M., & Samami, E. (2015). Communication barriers perceived by nurses and patients. Global journal of health science, 8(6), 65-74. https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v8n6p65
Norström, E., Fioretos, I., & Gustafsson, K. (2012). Working conditions of community interpreters in Sweden : Opportunities and shortcomings. Interpreting, 14(2), 242-260. https://doi.org/10.1075/intp.14.2.06nor
Ohtani, A., Suzuki, T., Takeuchi, H., & Uchida, H. (2015). Language barriers and access to psychiatric care: A systematic review. Psychiatric services, 66(8), 798-805. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201400351
Ono, N., Kiuchi, T., & Ishikawa, H. (2013). Development and pilot testing of a novel education method for training medical interpreters. Patient Education and Counseling, 93(3), 604-611. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2013.09.003
College of Nurses of Ontario. (2019). Therapeutic nurse-client relationship (Publication No. 41033). College of Nurses of Ontario. https://www.cno.org/globalassets/docs/prac/41033_therapeutic.pdf
Øvretveit, J. (1998). Comparative and cross-cultural health research: A practical guide. Radcliffe Publishing.
Ozolins, U. (2010). Factors that determine the provision of public service Interpreting: Comparative perspectives on government motivation and language service implementation. The Journal of Specialised Translation, 14(1), 194-215.
Pöchhacker, F. (1999). 'Getting Organized': The evolution of community interpreting. Interpreting, 4, 125-140. https://doi.org/10.1075/intp.4.1.11poc
Pöchhacker, F. (2000). Dolmetschen: konzeptuelle grundlagen und deskriptive untersuchungen (Vol. 7). Stauffenburg.
Pöchhacker, F. (2001). The community interpreter’s task: Self‑perception and provider’s views. The Critical Link, 2, 49-66.
Pöchhacker, F. (2003). Introducing interpreting studies (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203504802
Pöllabauer, S. (2012). Community Interpreting. In The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics, C.A. Chapelle (Ed.). https://doi.org/10.1002/9781405198431.wbeal0159
Papadantonaki, A. (2012). Nursing role. Nosileftiki, 51(1), 7-9.
Parsons, T. (1951). The social system. Free Press. https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/The-Social-System-by-Talcott-Parsons.pdf
Parsons, T. (1975). The sick role and the role of the physician reconsidered. The Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly. Health and Society, 53(3),257-278.
Patil, S., & Davies, P. (2014). Use of google translate in medical communication: Evaluation of accuracy. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 349, g7392. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.g7392
Patriksson, K., Berg, M., Nilsson, S., & Wigert, H. (2017). Communicating with parents who have difficulty understanding and speaking Swedish: An interview study with health care professionals. Journal of Neonatal Nursing, 23(6), 248-252.
Patriksson, K., Wigert, H., Berg, M., & Nilsson, S. (2019a). Health care professional’s communication through an interpreter where language barriers exist in neonatal care: A national study. BMC Health Services Research, 19(1), 586. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-4428-z
Patriksson, K., Wigert, H., Berg, M., & Nilsson, S. (2019b). Health care professional’s communication through an interpreter where language barriers exist in neonatal care: A national study. BMC Health Services Research, 19. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-4428-z
Patton, M. Q. (1990). Qualitative evaluation and research methods. SAGE Publications, inc.
Peplau, H. E. (1988). Interpersonal relations in nursing: A conceptual frame of reference for psychodynamic nursing. Bloomsbury Publishing.
Peplau, H. E. (1992). Interpersonal relations: A theoretical framework for application in nursing practice. Nursing science quarterly, 5(1), 13-18. https://doi.org/10.1177/089431849200500106
Phelan, M., & Martin, M. (2010). Interpreters and cultural mediators – different but complementary roles. Translocations: Migration and Social Change, 6(1).
Pines, R. L., Jones, L., & Sheeran, N. (2020). Using family members as medical interpreters: An explanation of healthcare practitioners' normative practices in Pediatric and Neonatal Departments in Australia. Health Communication, 35(7), 902-909. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2019.1598740
Poblacion, D., McKenty, J., & Campbell, M. (1964). The process of diagnosis. Canadian Medical Association journal, 90(12), 746-747.
Purtilo, R. B., Haddad, A. M., & Doherty, R. F. (2012). Health professional and patient interaction. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Putsch, R. W., 3rd. (1985). Cross-cultural communication. The special case of interpreters in health care. JAMA, 254(23), 3344-3348. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.254.23.3344
Pym, A. (2006). On the social and cultural in translation studies. Benjamins Translation Library, 67(9), 1-25.
The State of Queensland (Department of Communities, Child Safety and Disability Services)(2016). Language services guidelines.Queensland Government. https://www.des.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0017/314270/language-services-policy-guidelines.pdf
Rasi, S. (2020). Impact of language barriers on access to healthcare services by immigrant patients: A systematic review. Asia-Pacific Journal of Health Management, 15, 35-48. https://doi.org/10.24083/apjhm.v15i1.271
Reddy, M. J. (1993). The conduit metaphor: A case of frame conflict in our language about language. In A. Ortony (Ed.), Metaphor and Thought (pp. 164–201). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
René de Cotret, F., Beaudoin-Julien, A.-A., & Leanza, Y. (2020). Implementing and managing remote public service interpreting in response to COVID-19 and other challenges of globalization. Meta, 65(3), 618-642. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.7202/1077406ar
René de Cotret, F., Brisset, C., & Leanza, Y. (2021). A typology of healthcare interpreter positionings: When “neutral” means “proactive”. Interpreting, 23(1), 103–126 https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1075/intp.00052.cot
Rifai, E., Janlöv, A. C., & Garmy, P. (2018). Public health nurses' experiences of using interpreters when meeting with Arabic-speaking first-time mothers. Public health nursing (Boston, Mass.), 35(6), 574–580. https://doi.org/10.1111/phn.12539
Ring, D. C., Herndon, J. H., & Meyer, G. S. (2010). Case records of the Massachusetts general hospital: Case 34-2010: a 65-year-old woman with an incorrect operation on the left hand. The New England journal of medicine, 363(20), 1950–1957. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMcpc1007085
Roberts, C. (2006). Continuities and discontinuities in doctor-patient consultations in a multilingual society. Linguistic Insights - Studies in Language and Communication, 45, 177-195.
Roberts, R. P. (1997). Community interpreting today and tomorrow. In The critical link: Interpreters in the community (p. 7). John Benjamins.
Rosenberg, E., Leanza, Y., & Seller, R. (2007). Doctor-patient communication in primary care with an interpreter: physician perceptions of professional and family interpreters. Patient education and counseling, 67(3), 286-292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2007.03.011
Roy, C. B. (1989). A sociolinguistic analysis of the Interpreter's role in the turn exchanges of an interpreted event. Georgetown University. https://books.google.com.tw/books?id=OEdTnQEACAAJ
Roy, C. B. (2000). Interpreting as a discourse process. Oxford University Press. https://books.google.com.tw/books?id=sENungEACAAJ
Rutakumwa, R., Mugisha, J. O., Bernays, S., Kabunga, E., Tumwekwase, G., Mbonye, M., & Seeley, J. (2020). Conducting in-depth interviews with and without voice recorders: A comparative analysis. Qualitative research:QR, 20(5), 565-581. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468794119884806
Saha, S., & Fernandez, A. (2007). Language barriers in health care. Journal of general internal medicine, 22 Suppl 2(Suppl 2), 281-282. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-007-0373-3
Saha, S., Komaromy, M., Koepsell, T. D., & Bindman, A. B. (1999). Patient-physician racial concordance and the perceived quality and use of health care. Archives of internal medicine, 159(9), 997-1004. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.159.9.997
Saito, S., Harris, M. F., Long, K. M., Lewis, V., Casey, S., Hogg, W., . . . Russell, G. (2021). Response to language barriers with patients from refugee background in general practice in Australia: Findings from the OPTIMISE study. BMC Health Services Research, 21(1), 921. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-021-06884-5
Salaets, H. (2012). The next step in the CBI professionalisation process: Training the public services providers. The Interpreters Newsletter, 17, 191-203. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/8628
Salavati, D., Lindholm, F., & Drevenhorn, E. (2019). Interpreters in healthcare: Nursing perspectives. Nursing, 49(12), 60-63. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.Nurse.0000604752.70125.66
Samina, M., Gj, Q., Tabish, S., Samiya, M., & Riyaz, R. (2008). Patient's perception of nursing care at a large teaching hospital in India. International journal of health sciences, 2(2), 92-100.
Schenker, Y., Lo, B., Ettinger, K. M., & Fernandez, A. (2008). Navigating language barriers under difficult circumstances. Annals of intern medicine, 149(4), 264-269. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-149-4-200808190-00008
Schenker, Y., Pérez-Stable, E. J., Nickleach, D., & Karliner, L. S. (2011). Patterns of interpreter use for hospitalized patients with limited English proficiency. Journal of general internal medicine, 26(7), 712-717. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-010-1619-z
Schenker, Y., Wang, F., Selig, S. J., Ng, R., & Fernandez, A. (2007). The impact of language barriers on documentation of informed consent at a hospital with on-site interpreter services. Journal of general internal medicine, 22 Suppl 2(Suppl 2), 294-299. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-007-0359-1
Scheppers, E., van Dongen, E., Dekker, J., Geertzen, J., & Dekker, J. (2006). Potential barriers to the use of health services among ethnic minorities: A review. Family practice, 23(3), 325–348. https://doi.org/10.1093/fampra/cmi113
Schinkel, S., Schouten, B. C., Kerpiclik, F., Van Den Putte, B., & Van Weert, J. C. M. (2019). Perceptions of barriers to patient participation: Are they due to language, culture, or discrimination? Health Communication, 34(12), 1469-1481. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2018.1500431
Schouten, B. C., & Schinkel, S. (2014). Turkish migrant GP patients’ expression of emotional cues and concerns in encounters with and without informal interpreters. Patient Education and Counseling, 97(1), 23-29. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2014.07.007
Schwei, R. J., Del Pozo, S., Agger-Gupta, N., Alvarado-Little, W., Bagchi, A., Chen, A. H., Diamond, L., Gany, F., Wong, D., & Jacobs, E. A. (2016). Changes in research on language barriers in health care since 2003: A cross-sectional review study. International journal of nursing studies, 54, 36–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2015.03.001
Sears, J., Khan, K., Ardern, C. I., & Tamim, H. (2013). Potential for patient-physician language discordance in Ontario. BMC Health Services Research, 13(1), 535. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-13-535
Sharma, N. P., & Gupta, V. (2023). Therapeutic communication. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.
Shattell, M. (2004). Nurse-patient interaction: A review of the literature. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 13(6), 714-722. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2004.00965.x
Sherko, E., Sotiri, E., & Lika, E. (2013). Therapeutic communication. Jahr: Europski časopis za bioetiku, 4(1), 457-466. https://hrcak.srce.hr/110364
Silvera-Tawil, D., Pocock, C., Bradford, D., Donnell, A., Harrap, K., Freyne, J., & Brinkmann, S. (2018). CALD assist-nursing: Improving communication in the absence of interpreters. Journal of clinical nursing, 27(21-22), 4168-4178. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.14604
Singleton, K., & Krause, E. (2009). Understanding cultural and linguistic barriers to health literacy. The online journal of issues in Nursing, 14(3). https://doi.org/10.3912/OJIN.Vol14No03Man04
Slade, S., & Sergent, S. R. (2023). Language barrier. StatPearls Publishing.
Sleptsova, M., Hofer, G., Morina, N., & Langewitz, W. (2014). The role of the health care interpreter in a clinical setting—A narrative review. Journal of Community Health Nursing, 31(3), 167-184.
Småland Goth, U. G., & Berg, J. E. (2011). Migrant participation in Norwegian health care. A qualitative study using key informants. The European journal of general practice, 17(1), 28-33.
Spiers, J. A. (1998). The use of face work and politeness theory. Qualitative Health Research, 8, 25-47. https://doi.org/10.1177/104973239800800103
Squires, A. (2017). Evidence-based approaches to breaking down language barriers. Nursing, 47(9), 34-40. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.NURSE.0000522002.60278.ca
Squires, A. (2018). Strategies for overcoming language barriers in healthcare. Nursing management,49(4), 20-27. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.Numa.0000531166.24481.15
Squires, A., Miner, S., Liang, E., Lor, M., Ma, C., & Witkoski Stimpfel, A. (2019). How language barriers influence provider workload for home health care professionals: A secondary analysis of interview data. International journal of nursing studies, 99, 103394. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.103394
Squires, A., Sadarangani, T., & Jones, S. (2020). Strategies for overcoming language barriers in research. Journal of advanced nursing, 76(2), 706-714. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14007
Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1990). Basics of qualitative research. Sage publications.
Suarez, N. R. E., Urtecho, M., Jubran, S., Yeow, M. E., Wilson, M. E., Boehmer, K. R., & Barwise, A. K. (2021). The roles of medical interpreters in intensive care unit communication: A qualitative study. Patient education and counseling, 104(5), 1100-1108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2020.10.018
Susilo, A. P., Dalen, J. V., Chenault, M. N., & Scherpbier, A. (2014). Informed consent and nurses’ roles: A survey of Indonesian practitioners. Nursing Ethics, 21(6), 684-694. https://doi.org/10.1177/0969733014531524
Szasz, T. S., & Hollender, M. H. (1956). A contribution to the philosophy of medicine: The basic models of the doctor-patient relationship. AMA archives of internal medicine, 97(5), 585-592.
Taylor, R. A., & Alfred, M. V. (2010). Nurses' perceptions of the organizational supports needed for the delivery of culturally competent care. Western journal of nursing research, 32(5), 591-609. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193945909354999
Thom, N. (2008). Using telephone interpreters to communicate with patients. Nursing times, 104(46), 28-29.
Tideman, V., & Tengelin, S. (2019). How Malaysian nurses deal with language barriers during meetings with patients with another language [Thesis, Jönköping University]. Retrieved from https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-44240
Toury, G. (1980). In search of a theory of translation. Porter Institute for Poetics and Semiotics, Tel Aviv University.
Toury, G. (1995). Descriptive translation studies and beyond(Vol. 4). John Benjamins Publishing Company. https://doi.org/10.1075/btl.4
Tran, T. V. (2009). Developing cross-cultural measurement. Oxford University Press.
Tuot, D. S., Lopez, M., Miller, C., & Karliner, L. S. (2012). Impact of an easy-access telephonic interpreter program in the acute care setting: An evaluation of a quality improvement intervention. Joint Commission journal on quality and patient safety, 38(2), 81–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1553-7250(12)38011-2
Tylor, E. B. (1889). Primitive culture: Researches into the development of mythology, philosophy, religion, language, art and custom (3rd American from 2nd English ed.). Henry Holt and Company. https://doi.org/10.1037/12987-000
Van de Vijver, F. J., & Leung, K. (2000). Methodological issues in psychological research on culture. Journal of cross-cultural psychology, 31(1), 33-51. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022100031001004
Van de Vijver, F. J., & Leung, K. (2021). Methods and data analysis for cross-cultural research (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.1017/9781107415188
Van Rosse, F., De Bruijne, M., Suurmond, J., Essink-Bot, M. L., & Wagner, C. (2016). Language barriers and patient safety risks in hospital care. A mixed methods study. International journal of nursing studies, 54, 45–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2015.03.012
Van Servellen, G. M. (1997). Communication skills for the health care professional: Concepts and techniques. Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Vasquez, C., & Javier, R. A. (1991). The problem with interpreters: Communicating with Spanish-speaking patients. Hosp Community Psychiatry, 42(2), 163-165. https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.42.2.163
Wadensjö, C. (1998). Interpreting as interaction. London: Longman.
http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/39042856.html
Wadensjö, C. (2017). Dialogue interpreting and the distribution of responsibility. HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business, 8(14), 111–129. https://doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v8i14.25098
Wardin, K. (1996). A comparison of verbal evaluation of clients with limited English proficiency and English-speaking clients in physical rehabilitation settings. Am J Occup Ther, 50(10), 816-825. https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.50.10.816
White, J., Phakoe, M., & Rispel, L. C. (2015). 'Practice what you preach': Nurses' perspectives on the code of ethics and service pledge in five South African hospitals. Glob Health Action, 8, 26341. https://doi.org/10.3402/gha.v8.26341
Wiener, E. S., & Rivera, M. I. (2004). Bridging language barriers: How to work with an interpreter. Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine, 5(2), 93-101.
Williams, M. (1997). Social surveys: Design to analysis. In Social research: issues, methods and process. Open University Press, Buckingham, UK.
Woloshin, S., Bickell, N. A., Schwartz, L. M., Gany, F., & Welch, H. G. (1995). Language barriers in medicine in the United States. JAMA, 273(9), 724-728. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1995.03520330054037 %J JAMA
Yang, Y. -M., & Wang, H. -H. (2003). Life and health concerns of Indonesian women in transnational marriages in Taiwan. J Nurs Res, 11(3), 167-176. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.jnr.0000347633.72476.4a
Yeh, K.-H., Yi, C.-C., Tsao, W.-C., & Wan, P.-S. (2013). Filial piety in contemporary Chinese societies: A comparative study of Taiwan, Hong Kong, and China. International Sociology, 28(3), 277-296. https://doi.org/10.1177/0268580913484345
Youdelman M. K. (2008). The medical tongue: U.S. laws and policies on language access. Health affairs (Project Hope), 27(2), 424–433. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.27.2.424