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研究生: 張皓淳
Jhang Hao-Chun
論文名稱: 應用紅外線熱影像分析技術於校園安全巡視系統之應用研究
Application of Infrared Thermal Image Analysis Techniques Applied Research on Campus Security Patrol System
指導教授: 曾煥雯
Tzeng, Huan-Wen
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工業教育學系
Department of Industrial Education
論文出版年: 2014
畢業學年度: 102
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 113
中文關鍵詞: 紅外線熱影像雷射測距儀火災偵測專家系統影像處理
英文關鍵詞: Infrared Thermal Imaging, Laser Range Finder, Fire Detection, Expert Systems, Image Processing
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:182下載:7
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  • 本研究提出一套利用紅外線熱影像分析技術結合機器人移動、雷射掃描與平台控制等功能所組成的校園安全巡視系統。
    在科技發展快速之下,傳統需要由人力來進行巡邏的工作,逐漸被自動化電腦監視設備所取代,但在監視設備上很難確切掌握環境各個角落,因此,該如何有效地進行監視環境將是本研究的重點。
    在系統整體動作主要分為環境建置階段與巡視運作階段,先找出環境中的固定熱源將其建置熱源資料庫,而在後續進行巡視過程中,持續監控熱源資料庫內的熱源。在熱源偵測的部分,對前方狀況做由下而上分段擷取作為尋找熱源動作,而熱源分析的部分包含影像處理、熱源特徵萃取、計算熱源中心和地圖座標等各種資訊。
    最後,在本研究中採用一套系統性能指標,其中包含四個評估系統性能指標:準確性、有效性、敏感度和信賴度,並經由實驗測試結果顯示,不論是警示或警報的動作上都能達到85%以上。

    This study proposes a campus security patrol system that was using thermal image analysis technique, combined robot movement, laser scanning and platform control functions.
    With the rapid development of technology, the traditional of patrol work was needed to use the manpower, but it was gradually being replaced by automated of computer monitored equipment. However, the fixed monitoring equipment is difficult to master of the every corner of environment. Therefore, how to effectively monitor environment and find out the heat source will be focused on this study.
    In the overall system is divided into build the environment stage and patrol operational stage. First, find out the fixed heat source of environment and build the heat source database, and in the course of subsequent inspections, it will continue to monitor the heat source in the heat source database. In the detection of heat source, the environment captured images from the low to high position, it actions as looking for the heat source. In the analysis of heat source will get the various of information of heat source, and this action is contain image processing, extraction feature , calculate the center of heat source and tagging map coordinates, etc.
    Finally, this study uses a performance indicators to evaluation this system, it consists of four performance indicators: accuracy, validity, reliability and sensitivity, in the test results of the experiment shows, whether a warning or alert actions are can reach more than 85%.

    摘要 i Abstract iii 謝誌 v 目錄 vii 表目錄 xi 圖目錄 xiii 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 研究背景與動機 1 1.2 研究目的 3 1.3 研究限制 4 1.4 研究方法 5 1.5 研究步驟 5 第二章 文獻探討與回顧 7 2.1 相關研究 8 2.1.1 服務機器人 8 2.1.2 機器人控制系統 10 2.1.3 火災偵測 11 2.2 紅外線熱影像 14 2.2.1 紅外線簡介 14 2.2.2 熱影像原理 15 2.2.3 熱影像優點 17 2.2.4 熱影像應用領域 17 2.3 雷射測距儀 18 2.3.1 雷射測距儀原理 18 2.3.2 雷射測距儀相關應用 19 2.4 根點定位工具 19 2.4.1 RFID原理 19 2.4.2 電子羅盤原理 20 2.5 專家系統 22 2.5.1 專家系統發展 22 2.5.2 專家系統架構 23 2.5.3 知識擷取 25 2.5.4 知識表現與推論 29 第三章 實驗設計與方法 31 3.1 整體系統架構 31 3.1.1 環境建置階段 32 3.1.2 巡視運作階段 33 3.1.2 旋轉平台控制 34 3.2 機器人移動 35 3.2.1 機器人運行方式 35 3.2.2 循邊探索模式 36 3.2.3 閃避障礙模式 40 3.2.4 根點定位模式 44 3.2.5 移動優先順序 48 3.3 雷射影像 50 3.3.1 雷射掃描動作 50 3.3.2 雷射掃描校正 51 3.4 紅外線熱影像 52 3.4.1 影像濾波 53 3.4.2 二值化法 54 3.4.3 數學形態學 55 3.4.4 物件連通 57 3.4.5 邊緣偵測 58 3.4.6 特徵萃取 59 3.5 地圖熱源座標 60 3.5.1 調整熱源位置 60 3.5.2 計算熱源座標 62 3.6 專家系統判斷 64 3.6.1 障礙物判斷 66 3.6.2 熱源偵測 67 3.6.3 熱源分析 68 3.6.4 熱源收斂 69 3.6.5 熱源登錄與更新 70 第四章 系統架構與實作 71 4.1 實驗整體架構 71 4.1.1 系統架構 71 4.1.2 軟硬體架構 72 4.2 實驗硬體規格 74 4.2.1 感測器部分 74 4.2.2 電腦周邊配備 77 4.2.3 機器人本體 78 4.3 實驗程式設計 80 4.3.1 熱影像擷取程式 80 4.3.2 影像處理與特徵擷取程式 81 4.3.3 雷射掃描成像程式 81 4.3.4 管理員接收程式 83 4.4 系統評估方式 84 4.5 實驗實施與數據處理 85 4.5.1 熱影像校正 85 4.5.2 熱源資訊擷取 87 4.5.3 建置專家系統知識庫 93 4.5.4 系統測試環境說明 95 4.5.5 系統實測結果 97 第五章 結論與未來展望 103 5.1 結論 103 5.2 未來展望 104 參考文獻 105 自傳 111 附錄ㄧ 整體巡視地圖座標 112 附錄二 機器人各種角度示意圖 113

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