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研究生： 林國文
Guo–Wen Lin
論文名稱： 綠島安山岩之實驗岩石學研究
An Experimental Petrological Study of the Lutao Andesite
指導教授： 劉德慶
Liu, Teh-Ching
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 地球科學系
Department of Earth Sciences
論文出版年： 2012
畢業學年度： 100
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 78
中文關鍵詞： 呂宋島弧 、綠島 、安山岩 、實驗岩石 、結晶分化
論文種類： 學術論文
相關次數： 點閱：667  下載：16 
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    • 綠島大部份由安山岩質熔岩及集塊岩所組成，偶而夾有凝灰岩及碎屑岩流。本研究之樣本為採自綠島西北方靠近燈塔的露頭。樣本外觀為深灰色，多孔狀，具斑狀組織。礦物組成主要為斜長石、斜輝石；次要為鈦鐵氧化物，基質中多數為斜長石、斜輝石及少數不透明礦物。Na2O＋K2O對SiO2作圖之分類，屬於玄武岩質安山岩。

    從高溫實驗結果得知，綠島安山岩質岩漿在常壓下之液相溫度為1289℃，固相溫度略低於1099℃，整個熔融區間為190℃。實驗結晶順序與溫度如下：在1289℃，鉻鐵尖晶石率先晶出；至1264℃，斜長石晶出；到1189℃，鉻鐵尖晶石消失，轉變成氧化物出現；持續降溫至1184℃，直輝石晶出；爾後降溫至1162℃，斜輝石為最後一種礦物相晶出。

    整體而言，常壓下綠島安山岩之殘餘熔體成分隨實驗溫度降低，SiO2、K2O含量有上升趨勢，而Al2O3、ΣFeO、MgO、CaO則呈減少變化。Na2O則先升後降。另外從成分變化圖，可得知：ΣFeO、MgO、CaO與SiO2呈一明顯負變關係，暗示著綠島之岩漿活動主要受制於鐵鎂礦物的結晶分化。以及，隨結晶分化進行之殘餘熔體成分變化，與綠島的天然岩石成分類似，故推測綠島的天然岩石可在低壓下結晶分化而成。而AFM圖中，殘餘熔體成分隨實驗溫度降低，最後亦朝Na2O、K2O富集。

    摘要 I 目錄 II 圖目次 IV 表目次 VI 第1章 緒論 1 1–1地質背景 1 1–2研究目的 7 1–3採樣地點 7 第2章 研究方法 9 2–1岩相學研究 9 2–1–1野外採樣工作 9 2–1–2薄片製作 9 2–1–3選定標本 10 2–1–4製作實驗樣本粉末 10 2–1–5燒失量的測量 10 2–2 X光螢光分析 11 2–3白金片之製備 11 2–3–1白金片之軋延步驟 11 2–3–2白金片之清洗步驟 12 2–4實驗岩石學研究 12 2–4–1實驗岩石學之高溫實驗方法 12 2–4–2一大氣壓下之高溫實驗及步驟 13 2–5掃描式電子顯微鏡及能量分散光譜儀分析 21 2–6計算元素之標準差 23 2–7 C. I. P. W.標準礦物成分計算 23 第3章 結果與討論 25 3–1岩相學觀察 25 3–2全岩化學分析 25 3–3實驗岩石學研究 35 3–3–1高溫實驗結晶順序與熔融區間 35 3–3–2掃描式電子影像 35 3–3–3各相之能量分散光譜圖 41 3–3–4礦物化學 41 3–3–4–1鉻鐵尖晶石 41 3–3–4–2斜長石 41 3–3–4–3氧化物 47 3–3–4–4直輝石–低鈣輝石群 47 3–3–4–5斜輝石–高鈣輝石群 47 3–4綠島安山岩質岩漿之演化 60 3–4–1殘餘熔體成分隨溫度之變化趨勢 60 3–4–2殘餘熔體成分隨SiO2變化圖 60 3–4–3 Na2O＋K2O–ΣFeO–MgO三成分圖 67 3–4–4 Na2O–K2O–CaO三成分圖 67 3–4–5 Olivine–Clinopyroxene–Quartz三成分圖 67 第4章 結論 73 誌謝 74 參考文獻 75 中文文獻 75 英文文獻 75

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