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研究生: 彭國威
Wayne Guo-wei Peng
論文名稱: 晚期兒童之環境知覺與踢球動作支撐腳參數:身體比率
Perceived Environment and Measures of Kicking Support Leg in Later Childhood:Body Scaled Ratio
指導教授: 卓俊伶
Jwo, Jun-Ling
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 體育學系
Department of Physical Education
論文出版年: 2003
畢業學年度: 91
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 65
中文關鍵詞: 身體比率直接知覺環境賦使知覺--行動結合定點踢球
英文關鍵詞: body scaled ratio, direct perception, affordance, perception-action coupling, placed kicking
論文種類: 學術論文
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  • 根據生態心理學之直接知覺觀點,認為動作者的動作表現是知覺—行動結合機制,且有環境賦使潛能,參照環境訊息與個體身體比率直接引發動作。本研究旨在檢驗不同腿長對踢球動作支撐腳位置的影響,並探究腿長與支撐腳位置和球體之比率與參數的效應。本研究實驗參加者共66名,分為短腿組與長腿組各33人,平均年齡分別為10.7歲與11.0歲,平均腿長分別為71.9公分與85.3公分,每位實驗參加者皆操作定點踢球5次,蒐集其支撐腳之橫軸與矢狀軸的距離,並將所蒐集之資料與腿長和球體直徑等數值進行比值計算,獲得比率與參數。經獨立樣本t考驗結果發現:(一)腿較短與腿較長晚期兒童支撐腳位置之橫軸距離無差異;腿較短與腿較長晚期兒童支撐腳位置之矢狀軸距離有差異;(二)腿較短與腿較長晚期兒童之橫軸與矢狀軸距離對腿長有一相對比率,分別為0.20、0.22與0.41、0.43,且此比率皆無差異;(三)腿較短與腿較長晚期兒童之橫軸距離與球體直徑有一相對比率,分別為0.78,0.85,且該相對比率無差異;腿較短與腿較長晚期兒童之矢狀軸距離與球體直徑有一相對比率,分別是1.44、1.78,該相對比率有差異;與(四)球體直徑對腿較短與腿較長晚期兒童橫軸與矢狀軸距離和腿長比值各有一相對參數,分別為96.20公分、105.99公分與60.07公分、55.45公分,且該參數間無差異。
    關鍵詞:身體比率、直接知覺、環境賦使、知覺—行動結合、定點踢球。

    From the perspective of direct perception in ecological psychology, an actor’s performance is resulted from perception-action coupling mechanism, and is based on affordance talent, that refer to the environmental information and intrinsic measures body-scaled. This study was designed to examine effects of leg-lengths on the locations of the supporting leg, and to investigate the ratios and parameters of supporting leg-lengths and ball’s diameter. Sixty-six children in later childhood served as participants, among them, 33 participants for each short-leg group and long-leg group. Average ages were 10.7 and 11.0 year-old, and leg length average were 71.9 and 85.3 cm., respectively. All the participants were asked to kick a placed ball for 5 trials and selected the distance of frontal axis (f-a) and sagittal axis (s-a) of support leg, then leg lengths and diameter for scaled ratios and parameters were calculated. t-tests showed that (1) short-leg and long-leg children’s f-a distance of supporting leg on different, but s-a distance aspect was different, (2) short-leg and long-leg children’s related ratios of f-a and s-a distance to leg-length were 0.20, 0.22 and 0.41, 0.43, respectively, but the ratios were no different, (3) short-leg and long-leg children’s related ratios of f-a distance to diameter were 0.78 and 0.85, respectively, but the ratio was on different; the ratios of s-a distance to diameter was different, which were 1.44 and 1.78, and (4) the relative parameters of diameter to f-a and s-a distance and leg-length related ratios were 96.20cm., 105.99cm. and 60.07cm., 55.45cm., respectively, but the relative parameters were no different.
    Keywords: body scaled ratio, direct perception, affordance, perception-action coupling, placed kicking.

    頁次 授權書……..…………………………………………………………………….... i 口試委員與系主任簽字證書……………………...………………...….. iii 中文摘要……………………………………………………….……………….. iv 英文摘要………………………………………………………………………… v 謝誌……………………………………………………………………………….. vi 目次………………………………………………………………………...…….. vii 圖次…………………………………………………………………………...…... xi 表次……………………………………………………………………………..... xii 第壹章 緒論…………………………………………………………………. 1 第一節 問題背景……………………………………………………….. 1 第二節 研究問題……………………………………………………….. 6 第三節 研究假定與限制……………………………………………… 6 第四節 名詞解釋……………………………………………………….. 7 第五節 研究的重要性……………………………………………….… 9 第貳章 理論基礎與文獻探討……………………………………….. 11 第一節 生態心理學直接知覺觀點………………………………… 11 第二節 知覺—行動…………………………………………………… 13 第三節 身體比率與環境知覺相關文獻探討………….....……… 15 第四節 文獻回顧小結………………………………..………...…….. 17 第五節 假說……………………………………...………………..……. 18 第參章 方法…………………………………...………………………..….. 19 第一節 實驗參加者………………...…………………………………. 19 第二節 實驗儀器與器材……...…………………………………….... 20 第三節 實驗場地佈置..………………………………………………. 21 第四節 實驗程序與工作要求……………..……………………..…. 22 第五節 資料處理與分析……………...…………………………….... 23 第肆章 結果…………………………...………………………………….... 29 第一節 短腿組與長腿組支撐腳位置和球體位置中心 之橫軸與矢狀軸距離之比較…………………………….... 29 第二節 短腿組與長腿組支撐腳位置與球體位置中心 之橫軸與矢狀軸距離對腿長比率之比較………….….... 32 第三節 支撐腳位置與球體位置中心之橫軸與矢狀軸 距離對球體直徑比率之比較……………………………… 34 第四節 球體直徑對支撐腳腿長和支撐腳位置與球體 位置中心之橫軸與矢狀軸距離比率之比較………….... 36 第伍章 討論……………………………………………………………....... 39 第一節 實驗情境之環境知覺…………………………..…………... 39 第二節 支撐腳位置之橫軸與矢狀軸距離比較的意義..………... 40 第三節 各項身體比率與參數之比較的意義…..………………... 43 第四節 綜合討論…………………………...………………………..… 46 第陸章 結論與建議………………...………………………………...…. 49 第一節 結論……………...…………………………………………..…. 49 第二節 建議……...…………………………………………………..…. 50 引用文獻………...…………………………………………………………..…. 52 中文部分…...…………………………………………………………….... 52 英文部分………...……………………………………………………….... 53 附錄………………………………………………………………………………... 59 附錄一 參加研究家長 (監護人)同意書…..…………………….... 60 附錄二 實驗記錄表…………………...…………………………….… 61 附錄三……………………………...…………………………………….… 62 表2 實驗參加者腿長t考驗摘要表 表3 支撐腳位置和球體位置中心之橫軸距離t考驗摘要表 表4 支撐腳位置和球體位置中心之矢狀軸距離t考驗摘要表 附錄四……………………...…………………………………………….….. 63 表5 支撐腳位置和球體位置中心之橫軸距離對腿長比率之 t考驗摘要表 表6 支撐腳位置和球體位置中心之矢狀軸距離對腿長之比 率t考驗摘要表 附錄五……………...…………………………………………………….… 64 表7 支撐腳位置和球體位置中心之橫軸距離對球體直徑之 比率t考驗摘要表 表8 支撐腳位置和球體位置中心之矢狀軸距離對球體直徑之 比率t考驗摘要表 附錄六……...…………………………………………………………….… 65 表9 球體直徑對橫軸距離和腿長比值的參數t考驗摘要表 表10 支撐腳位置和球體位置中心之橫軸距離t考驗摘要表

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