簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 黃立勳
論文名稱: 單字盒教學法對國中輕度智能障礙學生英語字彙拼讀字能力成效之研究
Effects of Word Boxes Instruction on English Word Spelling and Reading Skills by Junior High School Students with Mild Intellectual Disabilities
指導教授: 杜正治
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 特殊教育學系
Department of Special Education
論文出版年: 2013
畢業學年度: 102
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 123
中文關鍵詞: 單字盒教學法輕度智能障礙英語字彙拼字英語字彙讀字單一受試
英文關鍵詞: word boxes instruction, mild intellectual disabilities, English word spelling, English word reading, single subject research
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:217下載:14
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 本研究旨在探討單字盒教學法對國中輕度智能障礙學生英語字彙拼讀字能力之學習成效。研究對象為三名台南市某國中資源班之輕度智能障礙學生,以單一受試研究法中的跨受試之多探試設計進行教學處理。本研究之自變項為單字盒教學法,依變項為英語字彙拼字學習成效及英語字彙讀字學習成效。運用自編「拼字及讀字測驗」、「拼字及讀字類化測驗」之評量結果,並以視覺分析及C統計加以分析。研究結論顯示:

    壹、單字盒教學法對國中輕度智能障礙學生在英語字彙拼字及讀字皆具
    有立即成效。
    貳、單字盒教學法對國中輕度智能障礙學生在英語字彙拼字及讀字皆具
    有維持成效。
    參、單字盒教學法對國中輕度智能障礙學生在英語字彙拼字及讀字皆具
    有類化成效。

    根據上述研究結論,提供相關建議,以做為未來教學與研究之參考。

    The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of word boxes instruction on English word spelling and reading skills by junior high school students with mild intellectual disabilities. Participants of the study were three students with mild intellectual disabilities in the junior high school resource room. The multiple probe design across subjects of single subject research was used to evaluate the effects. In this study, the independent variable was word boxes instruction, whereas the dependent variables were learning outcomes of English word spelling and reading. The performance data of the participants were gathered by English word spelling and reading (generalization) tests designed by the researcher. The data were analyzed in terms of visual analysis and C statistics. The results of the study were as follows:
    1.Word boxes instruction resulted in immediate effects on English word spelling and reading skills by junior high school students with mild intellectual disabilities.
    2.Word boxes instruction resulted in retained effects on English word spelling and reading skills by junior high school students with mild intellectual disabilities.
    3.Word boxes instruction resulted in generalization effects on English word spelling and reading skills by junior high school students with mild intellectual disabilities.
    Based on the above results, suggestions were proposed for the teachers and future researches.

    第一章 緒論………………………………………………………1 第一節 研究背景與動機………………………………………1 第二節 研究目的與待答問題…………………………………5 第三節 名詞釋義………………………………………………7 第二章 文獻探討…………………………………………………9 第一節 讀字及拼字………………………………………………9 第二節 智能障礙學生的學習特性……………………………19 第三節 字母拼讀法與單字盒教學法…………………………24 第三章 研究方法…………………………………………………33 第一節 研究設計………………………………………………33 第二節 研究架構………………………………………………36 第三節 研究對象………………………………………………38 第四節 研究工具………………………………………………39 第五節 研究程序………………………………………………43 第六節 資料處理與分析………………………………………45 第四章 結果與討論 ……………………………………………49 第一節 階段內拼字及讀字總得分表現之分析………………49 第二節 相鄰階段間拼字及讀字總得分表現之分析…………59 第三節 拼字得分表現之分析…………………………………66 第四節 讀字得分表現之分析…………………………………81 第五節 討論……………………………………………………95 第五章 結論與建議 ……………………………………………97 第一節 結論……………………………………………………97 第二節 建議……………………………………………………99 參考文獻…………………………………………………………101 壹、中文部分……………………………………………………101 貳、英文部分……………………………………………………103 附錄………………………………………………………………111 附錄一 家長同意書……………………………………………111 附錄二 字母辨識測驗…………………………………………112 附錄三 英語基礎字彙拼讀能力測驗…………………………114 附錄四 單字盒教學字彙學習進度表…………………………116 附錄五 拼字及讀字測驗………………………………………117 附錄六 拼字及讀字測驗作答記錄紙…………………………119 附錄七 拼字及讀字類化測驗…………………………………120 附錄八 教案設計………………………………………………122

    壹、中文部分
    朱惠美(2001):發音教學與評量。載於施玉惠(主編)。國民中小學英語教學活動設計與評量指引(頁95-135)。臺北:教育部。
    何華國(2009):啟智教育研究。臺北:五南。
    吳佩霖(2006):類推式字母拼讀法對國小學生英語解碼能力影響之研究(未出版之碩士論文)。國立花蓮教育大學,花蓮。
    杜正治(2006):單一受試研究法。臺北:心理。
    杜正治(譯)(1994):單一受試研究法(原作者:Tawney, J. W., & Gast, D. L.)臺北:心理。(原著出版年:1984)
    李茵琦(2008):Word Box及Word Sort字母拼讀法對國小三年級學生之音韻覺識及拼字能力之影響(未出版之碩士論文)。臺北市立教育大學,臺北。
    阮嘉芳(2009):增進低拼字能力國中生母音拼字能力:結合單字盒與單字分類法(未出版碩士論文)。國立彰化師範大學,彰化。
    林惠芬(2010):智能障礙。載於許天威、徐享良、張勝成(主編)。新特殊教育通論(133-158頁)。臺北︰五南。
    洪阿滿(2004):自然發音法對台灣高職生英文字彙發音與記憶之效益研究(未出版之碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學,臺北。
    洪榮照(2000):智能障礙者之教育。載於王文科(主編),特殊教育導論(47-108頁)。臺北:心理。
    洪儷瑜、黃柏華(2007):國中讀寫障礙學生在英文讀寫字能力表現之相關研究。特殊教育研究學刊,32(3),39-62。
    孫麗瑛(2001):國小學童英文聲韻覺識能力及認字能力之相關研究(未出版之碩士論文)。國立臺中師範學院,臺中。
    翁子媛(2010):字母拼讀法對增進國中學習障礙學生英文拼讀字能力之成效(未出版之碩士論文)。國立高雄師範大學,高雄。
    教育部(2000):國民中小學九年一貫課程綱要─語文領域。2012年7月1日,取自http://teach.eje.edu.tw/9CC2/9cc_90.php
    教育部(2003):國民中小學九年一貫課程綱要─語文領域。2012年7月1日,取自http://teach.eje.edu.tw/9CC2/9cc_92.php
    教育部(2012):身心障礙及資賦優異學生鑑定辦法」。2012年12月1日,取自http://gazette.nat.gov.tw/EG_FileManager/eguploadpub/eg018187/ch05/type1/gov40/num14/Eg.htm
    許毓玓(2007):單字分類法對國中學習障礙學生在英語字彙發音及拼字之成效研究(未出版之碩士論文)。國立彰化師範大學,彰化。
    郭惠玲(2001):自然發音法對國中輕度智能障礙學生在英語字彙學習成效之研究(未出版之碩士論文)。國立彰化師範大學,彰化。
    陳榮華(2001):智能不足硏究。臺北:師大書苑。
    曾世杰(2006):聲韻覺識、唸名速度與中文閱讀障礙。臺北:心理。
    鈕文英(2011):啟智教育課程與教學設計。臺北:心理。
    黃自來(1999):英語詞彙形音義三合一教學法。臺北:文鶴。
    楊雪蕙(2009):字母拼讀法和多媒體圖像記憶法對國中資源班學生英語字彙學習成效之比較研究(未出版之碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學,臺北。
    劉佩雲與簡馨瑩(合譯)(2003):王瓊珠審定。讀寫新法-幫助學生學習讀寫技巧(原作者:Marzano, R. J., & Paynter, D. E.)。臺北:高等教育。(原著出版年:1994)
    衛生署(2008年1月修正):身心障礙等級。2012年11月4日,取自http://www.doh.gov.tw/CHT2006/DM/DM2_p01.aspx?class_no=211&now_fod_list_no=6753&level_no=3&doc_no=41058
    賴文婷(2003):以字母拼讀法增強英語科低成就國中生拼字能力之研究(未出版之碩士論文)。國立清華大學,新竹。
    謝欽舜(1994):phonics教學的基本內容與方法。敦煌英語教學雜誌,2,35-41。
    謝欽舜(2001):7天學會自然發音。臺北:凱信。

    貳、英文部分
    Adams, M. J. (1990). Beginning to read: Thinking and learning about print. Cambridge, MA: MIT.
    Adams, M. J., & Henry, M. (1997). Myths and realities about words and literacy. School Psychology Review, 26(3), 425-436.
    Alabiso, R. (1977). Inhibitory functions of attention in reducing hyperactive behavior. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 77, 259-282.
    Ball, E. W., & Blachman, B. A. (1991). Does phonemic awareness training in kindergarten make a difference in early word recognition and developmental spelling? Reading Research Quarterly, 26(1), 49-66.
    Barnes, G. W. (1989). Word sorting: The cultivation of rules for spelling in English. Reading Psychology, 10(3), 293-307
    Beck, I. L. (2006). Making sense of phonics: The hows and whys. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
    Belmont, J. M. (1966). Long-term memory in mental retardation. In N. R. Ellis (Ed.), International review of research in mental retardation (pp. 219-255). New York, NY: Academic Press.
    Blevins, W. (2006). Phonics from a to z: A practical guide. New York, NY: Scholastic.
    Bradley, L., & Bryant, P. E. (1983). Categorizing sound and learning to read: A causal connection. Nature, 301, 419-421. doi:10.1038/301419a0
    Bradley, L., & Bryant, P. E. (1985). Children’s reading problems: Psychology and eduation. New York, NY: Basil Blackwell.
    Bradley, L., & Bryant, P. E. (1985). Rhyme and reason in reading and spelling (International academy for research in learning disabilities monograph series No. 1). Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
    Bryne, B., & Fieding-Barnsley, R. (1991). Evaluation of a program to teach phonemic awareness to young children. Journal of Educational Psychology, 83(4), 451-455.
    Chall, J.S. (1983). Stages of reading development. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
    Chard, D. J. & Dickson, S. V. (1999). Phonological awareness: Instructional and assessment guidelines. Intervention in School and Clinic, 34(5) 261-270.
    Clay, M. M. (1993). Reading recovery: A guide book for teachers in training. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.
    Cormier, S. M., & Hagman, J. D. (1987). Transfer of learning:Contemporary critical need for non-school instruction in programsfor severely handicapped curriculum, and instruction. Baltimore, MD: Paul H. Brookes.
    Crystal, D., & Varley, R. (1998). Introduction to language pathology (4th ed.). Baltimore, Md: Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co.
    Cunningham, P. M. (2005). Phonics they use: Words for reading and writing. Boston, MA: Pearson/ Allyn &; Bacon.
    Cunningham, P. M. (2003). What research says about teaching phonics. In L. B. Gambrell, L. M. Morrow & M. Pressley (Eds.), Best practices in literacy instruction (2nd ed.)(pp. 65-85). New York, NY : Guilford Press.
    Ehri, L. C. (1989). The development of spelling knowledge and its role in reading acquistion and reading disability. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 22(6), 356-365.
    Ehri, L. C. (1992). Reconceptualizing the development of sight word reading and its relationship to recoding. In P. Gough, L. C. Ehri, & R. Treiman (Eds.), Reading acquisition (pp. 107-143). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
    Ehri, L. C. (2000). Learning to read and learning to spell: Two sides of a coin. Topics in Language Disorders, 20(3), 19-36.
    Ehri, L. C. (2005). Learning to read words: Theory, findings, and issues. Scientific Studies of Reading, 9(2), 167-188.
    Elkonin, D. B. (1963). The psychology of mastery elements of reading. In B. Simon & J. Simon (Eds), Educational Psychology in the USSR (pp. 165-179). London, England: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
    Elkonin, D. B. (1973). U. S. S. R. In J. Downing (Ed.), Comparative reading (pp. 551- 580). New York, NY: MacMillan.
    Ellis, N. R. (1963). The stimulus trace and behavioral inadequacy. In N. R. Ellis (Ed.), Handbook of mental deficiency (pp.1-32). New York, NY:Mc Graw-Hill.
    Fox, B. J. (2008). Word identification strategies: Building phonics into a classroom reading program. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson / Merrill Prentice Hall.
    Gentry, J. R. (1982). An analysis of developmental spelling in GNYS AT WRK. The Reading Teacher 36, 192-200.
    Goswami, U. (1986). Children’s use of analogy in learning to read: A developmental study. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 42(1), 73-83. doi:10.1016/0022-0985(86)90016-0
    Griffith, P. L., & Olson, M. W. (1992). Phonemic awareness helps beginning readers break the code. The Reading Teacher, 45(7), 516- 523.
    Gunning, T. (2000). Creating reading instruction for all children (2nd ed.). Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
    Hodges, R. E. (1982). Research update on the development of spelling ability. Language Arts, 59(3), 284-290.
    Hodges, R. E. (1984). Spelling. ERIC Digest. Retrieved from http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/detailmini.jsp?_nfpb=true&_&ERICExtSearch_SearchValue_0=ED250695&ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0=no&accno=ED250695
    Joseph, M. L. (1999). Word boxes help children with learning disabilities identify and spell words. The Reading Teacher, 52(4), 348-356.
    Joseph, L. M. (2000). Developing first graders’ phonemic awareness, word identification and spelling: A comparison of two contemporary phonics approaches. Reading Research and Instruction, 39(2), 160-190.
    Joseph, L. M. (2002). Facilitating word recognition and spelling using word boxes and word sort phonics procedures. School Psychology Review, 31(1), 122-129.
    Joseph, L. M., & McCachran, M. (2003). Comparison of a word study phonics technique between students with moderate to mild mental retardation and struggling readers without disabilities. Education and Training in Developmental Disabilities, 38(2), 192–199.
    Joseph, L. M., & Devault, R(2004). Repeated readings combined with word boxes phonics technique increases fluency levels of high school students with severe reading delays. Preventing School Failure, 49(1), 22-27.
    Juel, C., & Leavell, J. A. (1988). Retention and non-retention of at-risk readers in first grade and theirsubsequent reading achievements. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 21(9), 571-580.
    Keesey, S. (2012). Effects of Word Box Instruction on the Phonemic Awareness Skills of Older, Struggling Readers and Young Children at Risk for Reading Failure (Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University). Retrieved from http://etd.ohiolink.edu/view.cgi?acc_num=osu1342804885
    Lerner, J. (2000). Learning disability: Theories, diagnosis and teaching strategies (8th ed.). Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin.
    Liberman, I., & Shankweiler, D. (1985). Phonology and the problems of learning to read and write. Remedial and Special Education, 6, 8-17.
    Lundberg, I., Olofsson, A., & Wall, S. (1980). Reading and spelling skills in the first years predicted from phonemic awareness skills in kindergarten. Scandanavian Journal of Psychology, 21, 159-173.
    National Reading Panel (2000). Teaching children to read: An evidence-based assessment of the scientific research literature on reading and its implications for reading instruction. Retrieved from http://www.nationalreadingpanel.org/
    O’Connor, R. E. (2007). Teaching word recognition: Effective strategies for students with learning difficulties. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
    Rispens, J. (1990). Comprehension problem in dyslexia. In D. Balota, G. Flores, & K. Rayner (Eds.), Comprehension processes in reading(pp. 603-620). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
    Shankweiler, D., & Lundquist, E. (1992). On the relations between learning to spell and learning to read. In R. Frost & L. Kaltz (Eds.), Orthography, phonology,morphology, and meaning (pp. 179-192). The Netherlands: Elsevier Science Publishers B.V.
    Shaywitz, S. (2003). Overcoming dyslexia: A new and complete science-based program for overcoming reading problems at any level. New York, NY: Alfred A. Knopf.
    Spitz, H. H. (1973). Consolidating facts into the schematized learning and memory system of educable retardates. International review of research in mental retardation, 6, 149-168.
    Stahl, S. (1998). Teaching children with reading problems to decode: Phonics and “not phonics” instruction. Reading & Writing Quarterly: Overcoming Learning Difficulties, 14, 165-188.
    Stephens, W. E. (1972). Equivalence formation by retarded and nonretarded children at different mental ages. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 77(3), 311-313.
    Tunmer, W. W., & Fletcher, C. M. (1981). The relationship between conceptual tempo, phonological awareness, and word recognition in beginning readers. Journal of Reading Behavior, 13(2), 173-185.
    Westling, D. L., & Fox, L. (2004). Teaching students with severe disabilities.Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
    Yopp, H. K. (1995). A test for assessing phonemic awareness in young children. The Reading Teacher, 49(1), 20-29.
    Zifcak, M. (1981). Phonological awareness and reading acquisition. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 6(2), 117-126.

    下載圖示
    QR CODE