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研究生: 黃琳琇
論文名稱: 圖卡兌換溝通系統對國中階段無口語自閉症學生之主動溝通行為的影響
指導教授: 林淑莉
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 特殊教育學系
Department of Special Education
論文出版年: 2014
畢業學年度: 103
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 147
中文關鍵詞: 自閉症圖卡兌換溝通系統主動溝通行為
英文關鍵詞: autism, Picture Exchange Communication System(PECS),, initiative communication behaviors
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:1721下載:73
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  • 本研究目的旨在探討圖卡兌換溝通系統(PECS)訓練方案對無口語自閉症學生主動性溝通行為之成效。研究方法採單一受試之跨受試多探試設計,研究對象為三名自閉症學生,皆缺乏溝通互動的技巧與能力。自變項為圖卡兌換溝通系統訓練方案,依變項為主動溝通行為。整個研究包括基線期、訓練處理期及維持期,共進行約五個月時間,並以目視分析及C統計進行資料的分析,以瞭解三位無口語自閉症學生在圖卡兌換溝通系統訓練介入後,其主動性溝通行為之學習成效,本研究的結果如下:
    一、PECS訓練對無口語自閉症學生之主動溝通行為具有顯著之學習成效。由目視分析及C統計的結果,發現無口語自閉症學生接受圖卡兌換溝通系統的訓練後,相較於基線期,三位研究對象在訓練處理期之主動溝通行為均明顯獲得進步。
    二、PECS訓練對無口語自閉症學生之主動溝通行為具有良好的維持效果。由目視分析及C統計的結果,發現針對無口語自閉症學生撤除圖卡兌換溝通系統訓練後,三位研究對象在維持期之主動溝通行為均有維持的效果。
    三、PECS訓練對無口語自閉症學生之主動溝通行為具有良好的社會效度。透過學習成效滿意度調查表的填寫結果,瞭解本研究之社會效度,發現相關人員皆對於本研究之訓練效果抱持肯定的態度。

    The purpose of this study was to investigatethe effectiveness of usingPicture Exchange Communication System (PECS) to enhance initiative communication behaviors for 3 junior high school level students with non-verbal autism. The study method adopted was the multiple probe design across subjects. PECS training was implemented with 3 autistic male participantswho lack communication and interactionskills and abilities.The independent variable was the PECS training and the dependent variable was the percentage of correct responses of initiative communication behaviors. Data was collected duringthe baseline, training treatment, and maintenance phasesfor approximately five months. Visual analysis and C statistics were used to analyze the effects of the intervention project.
    The results of this study were summarized as follows: (a)PECS was effective on the promotion of initiative communication behaviors for the3 junior high school level students with non-verbal autism, and (b)PECS had the effect of maintaining initiative communication behaviors for at least 2 weeks. (c)Evidence for the social validity of the PECS was collected fromindividuals related to thestudents. The results show that this intervention project was usefulto the students.

    目 錄 中文摘要 ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ 英文摘要 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………Ⅲ 目錄 ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………Ⅴ 圖目錄 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………Ⅸ 表目錄 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………XI 第一章 緒論……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………1 第一節 研究緣起與動機………………………………………………………………………………………………1 第二節 研究目的與研究問題………………………………………………………………………………………4 第三節 名詞解釋………………………………………………………………………………………………………………5 第二章 文獻探討……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………9 第一節 自閉症光譜族群種類及診斷標準………………………………………………………………9 第二節 自閉症學生的特質…………………………………………………………………………………………11 第三節 自閉症學生的語言發展………………………………………………………………………………23 第四節 PECS在身心障礙學生的應用與相關研究……………………………………………28 第三章 研究方法…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………43 第一節 研究設計……………………………………………………………………………………………………………43 第二節 研究架構……………………………………………………………………………………………………………46 第三節 研究對象……………………………………………………………………………………………………………47 第四節 研究工具……………………………………………………………………………………………………………51 第五節 PECS訓練過程…………………………………………………………………………………………………55 第六節 研究程序……………………………………………………………………………………………………………60 第七節 資料處理與分析……………………………………………………………………………………………62 第四章 研究結果與討論…………………………………………………………………………………………………67 第一節 PECS訓練結果分析………………………………………………………………………………………67 第二節 社會效度調查結果分析………………………………………………………………………………88 第三節 綜合討論……………………………………………………………………………………………………………99 第五章 結論與建議…………………………………………………………………………………………………………105 第一節 研究結論…………………………………………………………………………………………………………105 第二節 研究限制…………………………………………………………………………………………………………106 第三節 研究建議…………………………………………………………………………………………………………107 參考文獻…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………112 附錄……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………132 附錄一 家長同意函……………………………………………………………………………………………………132 附錄二 增強物調查表………………………………………………………………………………………………133 附錄三 PECS階段一目標行為觀察紀錄表………………………………………………………135 附錄四 PECS階段一其他軼事紀錄………………………………………………………………………136 附錄五 PECS階段二目標行為觀察紀錄表………………………………………………………137 附錄六 PECS階段三A目標行為觀察紀錄表……………………………………………………138 附錄七 PECS階段三B目標行為觀察紀錄表……………………………………………………139 附錄八 PECS階段四目標行為觀察紀錄表………………………………………………………140 附錄九 訓練順序檢核表…………………………………………………………………………………………141 附錄十 學習成效滿意度調查表(家長版)……………………………………………………146 附錄十一 學習成效滿意度調查表(教師版)……………………………………………………147

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