研究生: |
林建宏 Chien-Hung Lin |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
利用氣相層析儀結合加速規及麥克風氣體感測器線上定量檢測硼烷氨的氫氣釋放濃度 The Use of an Accelerometer and a Microphone as Gas Detectors in the Online Quantitative Detection of Hydrogen Released from Ammonia Borane by Gas Chromatography. |
指導教授: |
林震煌
Lin, Cheng-Huang |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
化學系 Department of Chemistry |
論文出版年: | 2013 |
畢業學年度: | 101 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 231 |
中文關鍵詞: | 微型哨 、加速規 、氣相層析法 、硼烷氨 |
英文關鍵詞: | milli-whistle, accelerometer, gas chromatography, ammonia borane |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:90 下載:14 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
本研究首次使用加速規 (accelerometer)作為氣相層析儀 (gas chromatography; GC) 的氣體感測器。將微型哨 (milli-whistle) 連接於氣相層析管柱出口端,當管柱層析物與鞘流氣體通過哨式偵測器時便會發出聲音,產生的聲頻可以用麥克風接收,哨子的振動則由加速規測量,再透過快速傅立葉轉換 (fast Fourier transform; FFT) 即可得到頻率。分析物選擇加熱時能夠釋放氫氣的儲氫材料硼烷氨 (ammonia borane; NH3BH3)。實驗結果顯示,無論是聲波或微型哨身的振動,所產生的頻率是相同的。根據頻率的變化量線上即時測定氫氣的釋放濃度。本實驗使用自組裝電磁閥注射裝置,將硼烷氨放置在注射裝置的樣品槽內加熱,釋放的氫氣以 0.5 分鐘為間隔注入 GC 分離系統,可以即時定量每次注入的氫氣濃度。研究中發現以靜電紡織技術,將硼烷氨包覆在聚碳酸酯纖維 (polycarbonate; PC) 的微管陣列薄膜中,可以降低釋放氫氣所需的溫度,這將使得儲氫材料的適用性更為廣泛。研究結果,每 1.0 mg 的硼烷氨在溫度範圍 85 - 115 ℃中可以產生的氫氣量為 1.0 ~ 1.25 mL。
The use of an accelerometer as a gas detector in gas chromatography (GC) is described for the first time. A milli-whistle was connected to the outlet of the GC capillary. When the eluted and GC carrier gases pass through the capillary and milli-whistle, a sound is produced. After a fast Fourier transform (FFT), the sound wave generated from the milliwhistle is picked up by a microphone and the resulting vibration of the milliwhistle body can be recorded by an accelerometer. The release of hydrogen gas, as the result of thermal energy, from ammonia borane (NH3BH3), which has been suggested as a storage medium for hydrogen, was selected as the model sample. The findings show that the frequencies generated, either by sound or by the vibration from the whistle body, were identical. The concentration levels of the released hydrogen gas can be determined online, based on the frequency changes. Ammonia borane was placed in a brass reservoir, heated continually, and the released hydrogen gas was directly injected into the GC inlet at 0.5 min intervals, using a home-built electromagnetic pulse injector. The concentration of hydrogen for each injection can be calculated immediately. When the ammonia borane was encapsulated within a polycarbonate (PC) microtube array membrane, the temperature required for the release of hydrogen can be decreased, which would make such a material more convenient for use. The findings indicate that 1.0 mg of ammonia borane can produce hydrogen in the range of 1.0−1.25 mL, in the temperature range of 85−115 °C.
[1] Lin, C.-H.; Lin, C.-H.; Li, Yi-S.; He, Y.-S. Anal. Chem. 2010, 82, 7467-7471.
[2] Graham, T. J. Franklin Inst. 1869, 87,256–266.
[3] Vucht, J. H. N.; Kuijpers, F. A.; Bruning, H. C. A. M. Philips Res. Repts. 1970, 25, 133-140.
[4] Huot , J.; Pelletier, J. F.; Liang, G.; Sutton, M.; Schulz, R. J. Alloys Compd. 2003, 384, 319-324.
[5] Rosi, N. L.; Eckert, J.; Luo, J.; Eddaoudi, M.; Vodak, D. T.; Kim, J.; O’Keeffe, M.; Yaghi, O. M. Science 2003, 300, 1127-1129.
[6] Dillon, A. C.; Jones, K. M.; Bekkedahl, T. A.; Kiang, C. H.; Bethune, D. S.; Heben, M. J. Nature 1997, 386, 377-379.
[7] Tibbetts, G. G.; Meisner, G. P.; Olk, C. H.; Carbon 2001, 39, 2291-2301.
[8] Chen, Y.; Shaw, D. T.; Bai, X. D.; Wang, E. G.; Lund, C.; Lu W. M.; Chung, D. D. L. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2001, 78, 2128-2130.
[9] P. Chen, Z. Xiong, J. Luo, J. Lin, K. L. Tan, Nature 2002, 420,302-304.
[10] N. L. Rosi, J. Eckert, M. Eddaoudi, D. T. Vodak, J. Kim, M. O_Keeffe, O. M. Yaghi, Science 2003, 300, 1127-1129.
[11] Gross , K. J.; Thomas, G. J.; Jensen, C. M.; J. Alloys Compd. 2002, 330–332, 683-690.
[12] Resan, M.; Hampton, M. D.; Lomness, J. K.; Slattery, D. K. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2005, 30, 1417-1421.
[13] Schlapbach, L.; Züttel, A. Nature. 2001, 414, 353-358.
[14] Shore, S. G.; Parry, R. W. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 8-12.
[15] Shore, S. G.; Parry, R. W. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 6084-6085.
[16] Satyapal, S.; Petrovic, J.; Read, C.; Thomas, G.; Ordaz, G. Catal. Today 2007, 120, 246-256.
[17] Baitalow, F.; Baumann, J.; Wolf, G.; Jaenicke-Ro¨ßler, K.; Leitner, G.; Thermochim. Acta, 2002, 391, 159-168.
[18] Stephens, F. H.; Pons, V.; Baker, R. T. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 2007, 25, 2613-2626.
[19] Gutowska, A.; Li, L.; Shin, Y.; Wang, C. M.; Li, X. S.; Linehan, J. C.; Smith, R. S.; Kay, B. D.; Schmid, B.; Shaw, W.; Gutowski, M.; Autrey T. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2005, 44, 3578-3582.
[20] Kurban, Z.; Lovell, A.; Bennington, S.M.; Jenkins, D.W.K.; Ryan, K.R.; Jones, M.O.; Skipper, N.T.; David, W.I.F. J. Phys. Chem. C 2010, 114, 21201-21213.
[21] Raymond P. W. Scott Chrom-Ed Book Series
[22] Nyborg, W.; Woodbridge, C.; Schilling, H. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1953, 25, 138-146.
[23] Testerman, M. K.; McLeod, P. C. New York and London, 1962,183.
[24] Dougherty N. S.; Liu B. L.; O`Farrell J. M. NASA Contractor Report. 1994.
[25] Richardson, E. G. Proc. Phys. Soc. 1931, 43, 394-404.
[26] Benton, W. E. Proc. Phys. Soc. 1925, 38, 109-126.
[27] Brown, G. Phys. Soc. 1937, 49, 493-507.
[28] Branca, M.; Soletta, I. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 462-464.
[29] Colgate, S. O.; Williams K. R.; Reed, K. J. Chem. Educ.1987, 64, 553-556.
[30] Aristov, N.; Habekost, G.; Habekost, A. J. Chem. Educ. 2011, 88, 811-815.
[31] Yarnitzky, C. N. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 712-713.
[32] Wohltjen, H.; Dessy, R. Anal. Chem. 1979, 51, 1465-1470.
[33] Andersen, P.; Williford, C.; David, D.; Birks, J. Anal. Chem. 2010, 82, 7929-7934.
[34] O. Ludtke, V. Biefeld, A. Buhrdorf, J. Binder, Sens. Actuators, A 2000, 82, 149-154.
[35] B. Li, D. Lu, W. Wang, Mechatronics, 2001, 11(7), 811-819.
[36] S. McNamara, Y. B. Gianchandani, Sens. Actuators, A 2004, 112, 175-183.
[37] A.Selvakumar, N. Yazdi, K. Najafi, J. Micromech. Microeng. 2001, 11, 118-125.
[38] Barnesa, C. P.; Sella, S. A.; Bolanda, E. D.; Simpsonb, D. G., Bowlina, G. L. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 2007, 59(14), 1413-1433.
[39] Pareja, L., Fernández-Alba, A.R., Cesio, V. and Heinzen H. Trends Anal. Chem. 2011, 30, 270-291.
[40] Pareja, L., Cesio, V., Heinzen, H. and Fernández-Alba A.R. Anal.Chem. 2002, 74, 1611-1617.
[41] Kim, D.H., Heo, G.S. and Lee, D.W. J. Chromatogr. A. 1998, 824, 63-70.
[42] Izquierdo, A., Tena, M.T., Luque de Castro, M.D. and Valcarcel, M. Chromatographia. 1996, 42, 206-212.
[43] Anastassiades, M. and Schwack, W. J. Chromatogr. A. 1998, 825, 45-54.
[44] Eller, K.I. and Lehotay, S.J. Analyst. 1997, 122, 429-435.
[45] Lehotay, S.J. J. Chromatogr. A. 1997, 785, 289-312.
[46] Bernal, J.L., Nozal, M.J., Toribio, L., Diego, C., Mayo, R. and Maestre R. J. Chromatogr. A. 2008, 1192, 266-272.
[47] France, J.E., King, J.W. and Snyder, J.M. J. Agric. Food Chem. 1991, 39, 1871-1874.
[48] Goli, D.M., Locke, M.A. and Zablotowick, R.M. J. Agric. Food Chem. 1997, 45, 1244-1250.
[49] Pareja, L., Cesio, V., Heinzen, H. and Fernández-Alba A.R. Talanta. 2011, 83, 1613-1622.
[50] Mastovska, K., Dorweiler, K.J., Lehotay, S.J., Wegscheid, J.S. and Szpylka, K.A. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2010, 58, 5959-5972.
[51] García-Reyes, J.F., Jackson, A.U., Molina-Díaz, A. and Cooks,R.G. Anal. Chem. 2009, 81, 820-829.
[52] Wang, S.P. and Chang, C.L. Anal. Chim. Acta. 1998, 377, 85-93.
[53] Giddings, J.C., Myers, M.N., McLaren, L. and Keller, R.A. Science. 1968, 162, 67-73.
[54] Hawthorne, S.B. Anal. Chem. 1990, 62, 633A-642A.
[55] Fan, Z., Lin, C.H., Chang, H.W., Kaneta, T. and Lin, C.H. J. Chromatogr. A. 2010, 1217, 755-760.
[56] Johansen, H.R., Becher, G. and Greibrokk, T. Anal. Chem. 1994, 66, 4068-4073.
[57] Fuoco, R., Ceccarini, A., Onor, M. and Lottici, S. Anal. Chim. Acta. 1997, 346, 81-86.
[58] Aguilera, A., Rodriäguez, M., Brotons, M., Boulaid, M. and Valverde A. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2005, 53, 9374-9382.
[59] Gmuer, W., Bosset, J.W. and Plattuer, E. J. Chromatogr. A. 1987, 388, 335-349.
[60] Hansen, K.J., Cravens, E., Sievers, R.E. and Hansen, B.N. Anal. Chem. 1995, 67, 3541-3549.
[61] Blanch, G.P., Reglero, G. and Herraiz M.J. Agric. Food Chem. 1995, 43, 1251-1258.
[62] Jacques, R.A., Santos, J.G., Dariva, C., Oliveira, J.V. and Caram, E.B. J. Supercrit. Fluids. 2007, 40, 354-359.
[63] Seger, C., Römpp, H., Sturm, S., Haslinger, E., Schmidt, P.C. and Hadacek, F. J. Pharm. Sci. 2004, 21, 453-463.
[64] Stolker, A.A.M., Tricht, E.F., Zoontjes, P.W., van Ginkel, L.A. and Stephany, R.W. Anal. Chim. Acta. 2003, 483, 1-9.
[65] 行政院農業委員會農業藥物毒物試驗所,歷年政府禁用農藥一覽表。
[66] 行政院農業委員會農業藥物毒物試驗所,陶斯松農藥有效成分檢驗方法。
[67] 行政院農業委員會農業藥物毒物試驗所,大利松農藥有效成分檢驗方法。
[68] 行政院農業委員會農業藥物毒物試驗所,甲基巴拉松農藥有效成分檢驗方。
[69] Sylvester, J. J. Philosophical Magazine. 1867, 34, 461-475.
[70] Hadamard, J. Bulletin des Sciences Mathemaiques. 1893, 17, 240-246.
[71] Gottlieb, P. IEEE Trans. Info. Theory. 1968, IT-14, 428-433.
[72] Literature Seminar, Pan, C. “Applications of The Hadamard Transform in Analytical Chemistry” 2007, 3rd, pp. 3.
[73] Yates, F. J. Roy. Stat. Soc. Supp. 1935, 2, 181-247.
[74] Fellgett, P. J. de Physique et le Radium. 1958, 19, 187-191.
[75] Hotelling, H. Ann. Math. Stat. 1944, 15, 297-306.
[76] Zupan, J.; Bohanec, S.; Razinger, M.; Novic, M. Analytical Chimica Acta. 1988, 210, 63-72.
[77] Smit, H.C. Chromatographia. 1970, 3, 515-518.
[78] Annino, R. and Bullock, E.L. Anal. Chem. 1973, 45, 1221-1227.
[79] Kaljurand, M. and Küllik, E. J. Chromatogr. 1979, 171, 243-247.
[80] Brock, A., Rodriguez, N. and Zare, R.N. Anal. Chem. 1998, 70, 3735-3741.
[81] Fernández, F.M., Vadillo, J.M., Kimmel, J.R., Wetterhall, M., Markides, K., Rodriguez, N. and Zare, R.N. Anal. Chem. 2002, 74, 1611-1617.
[82] Trapp, O., Kimmel, J.R., Yoon, O.K., Zuleta, I.A., Feranadez, F.M. and Zare, R.N. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2004, 43, 6541-6544.
[83] Fernández, F.M., Vadillo, J.M., Engelke, F., Kimmel, J.R. and Zare, R.N. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 2001, 12, 1302-1311.
[84] Treado, P.J., Govil, A., Morris, M.D., Sternitzke, K.D. and McCreery, R.L. Soc. Appl. Spetrosc. 1990, 44, 1270-1275.
[85] DeVerse, R.A., Hammaker, R.M. and Fateley, W.G. J. Mol. Struct. 2000, 521, 77-88.
[86] DeVerse, R.A., Hammaker, R.M. and Fateley, W.G. Vib. Spectrosc. 1999, 19, 177-186.
[87] Chen, G., Mei, E., Gu, W., Zeng, X. and Zeng, Y. Anal. Chim. Acta. 1995, 300, 261-267.
[88] Mei, E., Chen, G. and Zeng, Y. Microchem. J. 1996, 53, 316-325.
[89] Tang, H., Chen, G., Zhou, J. and Wu, Q. Anal. Chim. Acta. 2002,468, 27-34.
[90] Hassler, K., Anhut, T. and Lasser, T. Appl. Opt. 2005, 44, 7564-7572.
[91] Clowers, B.H., Siems, W.F., Hill, H.H. and Massick, S.M. Anal. Chem. 2006, 78, 44-51.
[92] Szumlas, A.W., Ray, S.J. and Hieftje, G.M. Anal. Chem. 2006, 78, 4474-4481.
[93] Kubo, A., Yogo, A., Imashiro, F. and Terao, T. J. Phys. Chem. 1996, 100, 15933-15941.
[94] Feliz, M., García, J., Aragón, E. and Pons, M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 7146-7147.
[95] Kaneta, T.; Yamaguchi, Y.; Imasaka, T. Anal. Chem. 1999, 71, 5444-5446.
[96] Kaneta, T. Anal. Chem. 2001, 73, 540A-547A.
[97] Hata, K.; Kichise, Y.; Kaneta, T.; Imasaka, T. Anal. Chem. 2003, 75, 1765-1768.
[98] Hata, K.; Kaneta, T.; Imasaka, T. Anal. Chem. 2004, 76, 4421-4425.
[99] Braun, K. L.; Hapuarachchi, S.; Ferrnandez, F. M.; Aspinwall, C. A. Anal. Chem. 2006, 78, 1628-1635.
[100] Zhang, T; Fang, Q; Fang, Z.-L. Chem. J. Chinese Universities 2003, 10, 1775-1778.
[101] Annino, R.; Gonnord, M.-F.; Guichon, G. Anal. Chem. 1979, 51,379-382.
[102] Phillips, J. B. Anal. Chem. 1980, 52, 468A-478A.
[103] Kaljurand, M.; Kūllik, E. J. Chromatogr. 1979, 171, 243-247.
[104] Villalanti, D. C.; Burke, M. F.; Phillips, J. B. Anal. Chem. 1979, 51, 2222-2225.
[105] Kaljurand, T.; Smit, H. C. Chemometr. Intell. Lab. 2005, 79, 65-72.
[106] Lin, C-H.; Kaneta, T.; Chen, H-M.; Chang, H-W. Liu, J-T. Anal. Chem. 2008, 80, 5755-759.
[107] Richardson, E. ., ed. “H.264 and MPE -4 Video Compression: Video Coding for Next-generation Multimedia” Chichester: John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2003.
[108] 黃世光、王丕承,“超飽和設計的研究”,中央大學統計研究所碩士論文,2000。
[109] Pimenta, A. S.; Vital, B. R.; Bayona, J. M.; Alzaga, R. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in liquid products: A. S Pimenta et al.1998, 77 (11), 1133-1139.
[110] Wai, C.M.; Wang, S. J. Biochem. Biophys. Method 2000, 43, 273-293.
[111] Whiteaker, J. R.; Prather, K. A. Anal. Chem. 2003, 75, 49-56.
[112] Seger, C.; Römpp, H.; Sturm, S.; Haslinger, E.; Schmidt, P. C.; Hadacek, F. Eur. J. Pharm. Sci. 2004, 21, 453-463.
[113] Jacques, R. A.; Santos, J. G.; Dariva, C.; Oliveira, J. V.;Caramão, E. B. J. Supercrit. Fluids 2007, 40, 354-359.
[114] Calvey, E. M.; Matusik, J. E.; White, K. D.; Betz, J. M.; Block, E.; Littlejohn, M. H.; Nagmathan, S.; Putmant, D. J. Agric. Food Chem. 1994, 42, 1335-1341.
[115] Blanch, G. P.; Reglero, G.; Herraiz M. J. Agric. Food Chem. 1995, 43, 1251 -1250.
[116] Johansen, H. R.; Becher, G.; Greibrokk T. Anal. Chem. 1994, 66, 4068-4073.
[117] Hansen, K. J.; Hansen, B. N.; Cravens, E.; Sievers R. E. Anal. Chem. 1995, 67, 3541 -3549.
[118] Bernal, J. L.; Nozal, M. J.; Toribio, L.; Diego, C.; Mayo, R.; Maestre, R. J. Chromatogr. A 2008, 1192, 266-272.
[119] Fuoco, R.; Ceccarini, A.; Onor, M.; Lottici, S. Anal. Chim. Acta 1997, 346, 81-86.
[120] Aguilera, A.; Rodriäguez, M.; brotons, M.; Boulaid, M.; Valverde, A. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2005, 53, 9374-9382.