研究生: |
陳進志 Ching-cheng Chen |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
優秀大專跳遠選手不同週期跳遠之運動學分析 Kinematic Analysis of male long jump at different times |
指導教授: |
黃長福
Huang, Chen-Fu |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
體育學系 Department of Physical Education |
論文出版年: | 2001 |
畢業學年度: | 89 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 62 |
中文關鍵詞: | 跳遠 、運動學 、起跳 |
英文關鍵詞: | long jump, kinetic, takeoff |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:364 下載:12 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
本研究是在探討同一群受試者經訓練後,在不同時間裡接受實驗,藉此找出跳遠動作參數與成績的關係,以利於選手或教練調整。本研究以Peak高速攝影機(120Hz)對六位受試者跳遠動作進行運動學分析。受試者平均年齡為23歲,平均身高為176公分,平均體重為68公斤。實驗將分三次不同時間來進行實驗,並對跳遠助跑前二步及起跳等二個階段來研究。所得到的結論可歸納下列幾項:
1、當受試者試跳成績較優秀時,其助跳的水平速度變化量會較小。
2、起跳水平速度和垂直速度是影響跳遠成績的二大要素,本研究選手有加強的空間。
3、本研究的受試者在推蹬力量方面有顯得不足,所以其踝關節的角速度就顯得不夠快。
4、發現助跑階段身體重心高度如變化較多時,跳遠成績會有較優秀的情況。
5、起跳角度隨著成績進步,角度也有增大的現象。
從學者的研究指出,影響跳遠成績的最重要因素為起跳時的水平速度,在本研究中則以受試者的起跳垂直速度、以及重心高度變化量影響較大。但與美國選手相比較後,可發現受試者的速度與肌力方面有相當大的差別存在。
The relationship between motion parameter of long jump and grade was investigated in this study. The results of the study could be useful to athletes and trainers to adjust the motions of long jump. The same squad of experimenters took the test of long jump at different times after training. The motions of the six experimenters were recorded by Peak high-speed camera with 120 HZ to analyze kinetics of the long jump. The experimenters are 23 years old, the average 176-centimeter height and the average 68-kilogram weight. All the tests were carried for three times. The two stages of initial two steps of approach and takeoff in the long jump were studied. We can make some conclusions as shown in below,
1.The experimenters with less variation on horizontal velocity got the higher grade.
2.The “Horizontal velocity of C.G.” and the “Vertical velocity of C.G.” are the most important two parameters for long jump. The experimenters had scope to improve in this study.
3.The experimenters showed slow angular velocity on hock that resulted from the weak pushing on feet.
4.The experimenters with more variation on height of body fulcrum in the stage of approach got the higher grade.
5.The higher grade can be got with the bigger angle of C.G. at takeoff.
The other researchers suggested the Horizontal velocity of C. G. was the most important parameter for long jump. However, in this study, the Vertical velocity of C.G. and the variation on height of body fulcrum at takeoff showed more impact. The difference may be caused from the difference on velocity and brawn of the experimenters.
參 考 文 獻
一、中文部份
洪大全(民81)。國內優秀跳遠選手助跑最後四步步幅及起跳過程對跳遠成績之影響。未出版碩士論文,國立體育學院研究所,台北。
邱靖華(民83)。跳遠不同起跳角之動力學研究。體育學報,17,197-210。
許樹淵(民81)。田徑論(頁886-898)。台北:偉彬體育研究社。
許樹淵(民82)。跳遠和三級跳遠關係的探討。體育與運動,17,197-210。
許樹淵(民84)。84年大專運動會成績分析。大專體育,20,23-25。
許樹淵(民85)。天下最偉大的人---劉易士。中華體育,10(2),52-56。
褚曾文(民86)。跳遠運動技術訓練分析。樹德學報,20,287-296。
葉憲清(民60)。田徑研究(頁119)。台北:啟華社。
廖貴地(民69)。急行跳遠起跳動作與成績預測分析。國立台灣師大學體育研究所集刊,7,61-122。
蕭乃升(民84)。垂直跳起期膝、踝關節聯合運動之研究。國立臺灣師大體育研究所集刊,2,2373-2430。
簡鴻政(民80)。跳遠技術分析。大專體育,1( 4),43-49。
簡鴻玟(民80)。乃慧芳與世界一流選手在起跳動作上之比較分析。體育學報,13,223-234。
蘇榮基(民80)。國內優秀跳選手起跳、飛程與落地距離的分析。中華體育,4(4),46-50。
蘇榮基(民78)。國內優秀跳遠選手助跑最後四步及起跳的運動學分析。未出版碩士論文,國立體育學院研究所,台北。
二、西文部份
Dempster, W. T. (1955). Space reqirements of seated operator WADC=TR-55-159, Wright Potterson Air Force Base.
Eva, R. D. (1986). A mechanical model of the long jump and its applicant to a techniques of Preparatory and take-off phase. International Journal of Sport Biomechanics, 2,289-300.
Hay, J. G., & Miller, J. A. (1985). Techniques used in the transition from approach to take-off in the Long Jump. International Journal of Sport Biomechanics,1, 174-185.
Hay, J. G. (1986). The biomechanics of the long jump. Exercise and sport sciences reviews,14,401-446.
Hay, J. G. (1988). Approach strategies in the long jump. International Journal Sport Biomechanics, 4,114-129.
Hay, J. G. (1993). Citius, Altius, Longius (Faster, Higher, Longer ):The biomechanics of jumping for distance. Journal of Biomechanics, 26,7-21.
Hay, J. G. (1985). The Biomechanics of Sports Techniques (3rd Ed.), Track and field: jumping(pp.422-474).
Hay, J. G., & Miller, J. A. (1985). Techniques used in transition form approach to take off in the long jump. Biomechanics research at the Olimpic Games:1984-1994, 79-89.
Hay, J. G., Miller, J. A., & Canterna, R. W. (1986). The techniques of elite male long jumpers. Journal of Biomechanics, 19(10), 855-866.
Hay, J. G., Miller, J. A., & Canterna, R. W. (1987). Biomechanics of elite long jumping. Track Techniques, 101, 3229-3232.
Hay, J. G., & Nohara, H. (1990). Techniques used by elite long jumpers in preparation for take-off. Journal Sport Biomechanics, 23(3), 229-239.
Hay, J. G., & Nohara Hiroshi (1990). Techniques used by elite long jumpers in preparation for takeoff. Journal of Biomechanics. 23, No3.229-239.
IAF Biomechanics Research Project Athens, (1997). Scientific bulletin long jump. German Sport University Cologne/Germany Istitute for Athletics.
Koh, T. J., & Hay, J. G. (1990). Landing leg motion and performance in the horizontal jumps. The long jump. Journal Sport Biomechanics.,22(6),343-360.
Koh, T. J., & Hay, J. G. (1990). Landing leg performance in the horizontal jump. International Journal of Sports Biomechanics, 6,343-350.
Koh, T. J., & Hay, J. G (1992). Active landing and performance in the long jump. International Journal of Sport Biomechanics,6(4),343-360.
Lee, A., Flower, N., & Derby, D. (1993). A biomechanics analysis of the last stride, touch-down and take-off characteristics of the women long jump. Journal of Sport Sciences. 11, 303-314.
Nigg, B. M. (1974). Sprung, Springen, Sprunge. Zurich:juris Verlag. (Cited in Hay, J. G. et, al, 1985b).
Nixdrof, E., & Bruggemann, P. (1987). Biomechanics analysis of the long jump. Scientific report on the ⅡWorld Championships in Athletics Rome 1987, 2-54.
Nixdrof, E., & Bruggemann, G. (1990). Take-off Preperation of Elite Male and Female Long Jumpers. Techniques in Athletics, Cologne,7-9.
Nixdrof, E., & Bruggemann, P. (1990). Biomechanics analysis of the long jump. Scientific reaserch project at the games of the XXIV Olymiad-Seoul 1988.
Popve, V. B. (1971). Long jump(Russian). Moscow, Physical Culture and Sport. (Cited in Ref.27).
Popve, V. B. (1983). The long jump run-up. Track Techniques, 85,2708-2709.
Tiupa, V. V., Aleshinski, S. I., & Pereverzev, A. P. (1980). Biomechanics of the take-off leg at the long jump. Teoria I Praktikor fizieskol Kultury, 8,5-8.