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研究生: 林佳玲
Chia-Ling Lin
論文名稱: 夫妻依附風格、衝突因應策略與婚姻滿意度之相關研究
Attachment Styles, Conflict-Coping Strategies and Marital Satisfaction in Married Couples
指導教授: 林家興
Lin, Chia-Hsin
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 教育心理與輔導學系
Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling
論文出版年: 2000
畢業學年度: 88
語文別: 中文
中文關鍵詞: 依附風格衝突因應策略婚姻滿意度夫妻內在運作模式
英文關鍵詞: attachment style, conflict-coping strategy, marital satisfaction, couple, internal working model
論文種類: 學術論文
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  • 中 文 摘 要
    本研究旨在探討夫妻依附風格、衝突因應策略與婚姻滿意度之間的關係。以台灣北部地區(新竹以北)十所小學的學生家長共299對夫妻為研究對象。本研究採問卷調查法進行資料收集,所使用的工具包括「親密關係體驗量表」、「婚姻因應量表」與「婚姻滿意量表」。調查所得的資料分別以列聯相關、單因子多變項變異數分析、單因子變異數分析、典型相關分析等統計方法進行處理。本研究主要發現如下:
    一、夫妻依附風格現況與配對情形
    國內夫妻依附風格以安全依附型較多,約佔32.3%,其次為焦慮依附型,佔29.4%。丈夫依附風格與妻子依附風格之間有列聯相關存在,亦即安全依附型傾向與安全依附型配對,焦慮依附型也傾向與焦慮依附型配對,害怕依附型與放棄依附型亦傾向與不安全依附型配對。而夫妻依附風格配對情形,以雙方皆是安全依附型的配對較多,佔17.4%。
    二、夫妻在衝突因應策略與婚姻滿意度的差異情形
    在衝突因應策略方面,丈夫與妻子在衝突因應策略上有顯著差異。其中差異主要來自「爭執」、「自我責備」、「正向回應」、「自我興趣」與「尋求社會支持」,亦即丈夫比妻子更常採取「正向回應」與「自我興趣」因應婚姻衝突,而妻子則比丈夫更常採取「爭執」、「自我責備」與「尋求社會支持」策略。
    在婚姻滿意度方面,丈夫與妻子在婚姻滿意度上有顯著差異。其中差異主要來自「心理面滿意」,亦即丈夫在「心理面」的婚姻滿意度高於妻子。
    三、不同依附風格夫妻在衝突因應策略與婚姻滿意度的差異情形
    在衝突因應策略方面,不同依附風格丈夫與妻子在衝突因應策略上均有顯著差異。其中差異主要均來自「爭執」、「自我責備」、「正向回應」、「逃避」,而不同依附風格丈夫在「自我興趣」、「尋求社會支持」亦有顯著差異。
    在婚姻滿意度方面,不同依附風格丈夫與妻子在婚姻滿意度均有顯著差異。其中差異主要均來自「生理面滿意」、「經濟面滿意」、「心理面滿意」、「社會面滿意」與「哲學面滿意」。
    四、不同依附風格配對夫妻在衝突因應策略與婚姻滿意度的差異情形
    在衝突因應策略方面,不同依附風格配對之丈夫與妻子在衝突因應策略上均有顯著差異。其中差異主要均來自「爭執」、「自我責備」、「正向回應」與「逃避」。
    在婚姻滿意度方面,不同依附風格配對之丈夫與妻子在婚姻滿意度上均有顯著差異。其中差異主要均來自「生理面滿意」、「經濟面滿意」、「心理面滿意」、「社會面滿意」與「哲學面滿意」。
    五、夫妻衝突因應策略與婚姻滿意度的關係
    (一) 丈夫衝突因應策略與婚姻滿意度兩組變項之間有三組顯著的關係組型。三組關係組型分別為:
    1.愈少採取「爭執」、「自我責備」、「逃避」策略越多,「正向回應」
    策略,其「生理面」、「經濟面」、「社會面」、「心理面」與「哲學
    面」婚姻滿意度會愈低。
    2.愈常採取「爭執」、「自我責備」、「正向回應」、「尋求社會支持」
    策略,其「社會面」婚姻滿意度會愈低。
    3.愈常採取「爭執」、「尋求社會支持」策略,愈少採取「逃避」策略,
    其「生理面婚姻滿意度會愈低。
    (二)妻子衝突因應策略與婚姻滿意度兩組變項之間有兩組顯著的關係組型。兩組關係組型分別為:
    1.愈常採取「爭執」、「自我責備」、「逃避」策略,愈少採取「正向回
    應」策略,其「生理面」、「經濟面」、「社會面」、「心理面」與
    「哲學面」婚姻滿意度會愈低。
    2.愈常採取「爭執」、「自我責備」、「正向回應」策略,其「經濟
    面」、「社會面」婚姻滿意度會愈低。
    最後,研究者依據本研究結果加以討論,並提出具體建議,以應用在婚姻諮商與兩性教育方面,並作為未來研究之參考。

    Attachment Styles, Conflict-Coping Strategies and Marital
    Satisfaction in Married Couples
    Chia-Ling Lin
    Abstract
    The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among spouses' attachment styles, conflict-coping strategies, and marital satisfaction. The sample was composed of 299 married couples living in the northern parts of Taiwan and having primary school-age children. Instruments used in this study were ”Experiences in Close Relationship Inventory”, “The Marital Coping Inventory”, and “Marital Satisfaction Inventory”. Data obtained were analyzed by contingency coefficient, One-way MANOVA, ANOVA and Canonical correlation. The major findings were as follows:
    1. The relationship between spouse’s attachment styles
    The result of contingency coefficient analysis revealed that husbands’ attachment style was significantly associated with wives’ attachment style. Secure participants tended to pair with secure partners and vice versa . The same was applicable to the preoccupied, fearful, as well as dismissing attachments. Among all types of pairing, the pairs of secure husbands and secure wives were most common, claiming a leading percentage of 17.4%.
    2. Differences between husbands and wives regarding their
    conflict-coping strategy and marital satisfaction
    Data analysis indicated significant sex differences for conflict-coping strategy. The differences were evident in forms of conflict, introspective self-blame, positive approach, self-interest and seeking social support. Simply put, husbands reported greater use of positive approach and self-interest than did wives. Moreover, wives reported greater use of conflict, introspective self-blame, and seeking social support than did husbands.
    As for marital satisfaction, husbands tended to be more satisfied than their wives for psychological aspects of marriage.
    3. Difference among attachment styles regarding the conflict-
    coping strategies and marital satisfaction
    Results of the one-way MANOVA revealed that husbands and wives with different attachment styles were significantly different on conflict-coping strategies. Major differences lied in conflict, introspective self-blame, positive approach and avoidance. And there were differences on self-interest and seeking social support by husband with different attachment styles.
    Results of the one-way MANOVA revealed that husbands and wives with different attachment styles were significantly different on marital satisfaction. Primary variations were of physical, economic, psychological, social, and philosophical aspects of marriage.
    4. Differences among attachment styles pairing couples on the
    conflict-coping strategies and marital satisfaction
    Results of the one-way MANOVA revealed that husbands and wives paired with different attachment styles were significantly different on conflict-coping strategies. Major differences range from conflict, introspective self-blame, positive approach and avoidance.
    Results of the one-way MANOVA revealed that husbands and wives paired with different attachment styles were significantly different on marital satisfaction. Primary variations were of physical, economic, psychological, social, and philosophical aspects of marriage.
    5. The Relationships between conflict-coping strategy and
    marital satisfaction
    There are three canonical roots for husbands:
    a. Husbands using more conflict, introspective self-blame and
    avoidance, less positive approach, enjoy less satisfaction
    in their physical, economic, social, psychological, and
    philosophical aspects of marriage.
    b. Husbands using more conflict, introspective self-blame,
    positive approach, and seeking social support enjoy less
    satisfaction in their social aspects of marriage.
    c. Husbands involving themselves more in conflicts and social
    supports and less in avoidance tend to get less physical satisfaction with their spouses.
    There are two canonical roots for wives:
    a. Wives using more conflict, introspective self-blame and
    avoidance, less positive approach, enjoy less satisfaction
    in their physical, economic, social, psychological,and
    philosophical aspects of marriage.
    b. Wives using methods like conflict, introspective self-blame,
    and positive approach enjoy less satisfaction in both
    economic and social aspects of the marriages.
    Lastly, based on the above results, relevant implications were discussed and suggestions for the counseling services as well as future research were presented.

    目 錄 中文摘要 英文摘要 第一章 緒論 …….…………………………………………………1 第一節 研究動機與目的 ………………………………………1 第二節 研究問題與假設 ………………………………………7 第三節 名詞釋義 ………………………………………………9 第二章 文獻探討 ……………………………………………… 12 第一節 依附的理論基礎與相關研究 ……………………… 12 第二節 衝突因應策略的理論基礎與相關研究 …………… 30 第三節 婚姻滿意度的內涵與相關研究 …………………… 36 第四節 依附風格、衝突因應策略與婚姻滿意度之相關研究42 第三章 研究方法 …………………………………………………50 第一節 研究架構 …………………………………………… 50 第二節 研究對象 …………………………………………… 52 第三節 研究工具 …………………………………………… 55 第四節 實施程序 …………………………………………… 66 第五節 資料處理 …………………………………………… 67 第四章 研究結果與討論 …………………………………………68 第一節 夫妻依附風格現況與配對分析 …………………… 68 第二節 夫妻在衝突因應策略與婚姻滿意度之差異分析 … 73 第三節 不同依附風格夫妻在衝突因應策略與婚姻滿意度之差異 分析 ………………………………………………… 82 第四節 不同依附風格配對夫妻在衝突因應策略與婚姻滿意度之 差異分析 ……………………………………………100 第五節 夫妻衝突因應策略與婚姻滿意度之相關分析 ……123 第五章 結論與建議……………………………………………… 137 第一節 結論 ……………………………………………………137 第二節 研究限制 ………………………………………………145 第三節 建議 ……………………………………………………147 參考文獻……………………………………………………………153 中文部份 ……………………………………………………… 153 英文部份 ……………………………………………………… 156 附錄一 「親密關係體驗量表」原編者同意修訂函 …………169 附錄二 「婚姻滿意度量表」原編者同意修訂書 ……………170 附錄三 「親密關係體驗量表」項目分析結果 ………………171 附錄四 「親密關係體驗量表」驗證式因素分析結果 ………173 附錄五 「婚姻因應量表」項目分析結果 ……………………174 附錄六 「婚姻因應量表」驗證式因素分析結果 ……………177 附錄七 「婚姻滿意度量表」項目分析結果 …………………179 附錄八 「婚姻滿意度量表」驗證式因素分析結果 …………181 附錄九 研究工具 …………………………………………… 182 附錄十 導師協助事項說明 ………………………………… 197 附 表 目 錄 表2-1-1 嬰兒依附風格與特徵 …………………………………13 表2-1-2 依附和成人浪漫愛相似特質對照表 …………………18 表2-1-3 國內外成人依附風格分配情形對照表 ………………22 表2-1-4 國外常用成人依附測量工具 …………………………28 表2-2-1 衝突因應策略測量工具 ………………………………35 表3-2-1 有效樣本人數分配 ……………………………………52 表3-2-2 有效樣本個人資料分析摘要表 ………………………53 表3-2-3 有效樣本家庭背景資料分析摘要表 …………………54 表4-1-1 四種依附風格的人數分配 ……………………………68 表4-1-2 四種依附風格夫妻配對的人數分配 …………………70 表4-2-1 夫妻在衝突因應策略各分量表的平均數與標準差 …73 表4-2-2 夫妻衝突因應策略單因子多變項變異數分析摘要表 74 表4-2-3 夫妻衝突因應策略單因子變異數分析摘要表 ………75 表4-2-4 夫妻在婚姻滿意度各分量表的平均數與標準差 ……78 表4-2-5 夫妻婚姻滿意度單因子多變項變異數分析摘要表 …78 表4-2-6 夫妻婚姻滿意度單因子變異數分析摘要表 …………79 表4-3-1 不同依附風格丈夫在衝突因應策略各分量表的平均數 與標準差 …………………………………………… 82 表4-3-2 不同依附風格丈夫衝突因應策略單因子多變項變異數 分析摘要表 ………………………………………83 表4-3-3 不同依附風格丈夫衝突因應策略單因子變異數分析 摘要表 ……………………………………………84 表4-3-4 不同依附風格妻子在衝突因應策略各分量表的平均數與 標準差 ……………………………………………86 表4-3-5 不同依附風格妻子衝突因應策略單因子多變項變異數 分析摘要表 ………………………………………86 表4-3-6 不同依附風格妻子衝突因應策略單因子變異數分析 摘要表 ……………………………………………87 表4-3-7 不同依附風格丈夫在婚姻滿意度各分量表的平均數與 標準差…………………………………………… 92 表4-3-8 不同依附風格丈夫婚姻滿意度單因子多變項變異數 分析摘要………………………………………… 92 表4-3-9 不同依附風格丈夫婚姻滿意度單因子變異數分析 摘要表…………………………………………………93 表4-3-10 不同依附風格妻子在婚姻滿意度各分量表的平均數與 標準差…………………………………………… 95 表4-3-11 不同依附風格妻子婚姻滿意度單因子多變項變異數分析 摘要表 ……………………………………………95 表4-3-12 不同依附風格妻子婚姻滿意度單因子變異數分析 摘要表…………………………………………………96 表4-4-1 不同依附風格配對之丈夫在衝突因應策略各分量表的 平均數與標準差 ……………………………… 101 表4-4-2 不同依附風格配對之丈夫衝突因應策略單因子多變項 變異數分析摘要表 …………………………… 102 表4-4-3 不同依附風格配對之丈夫衝突因應策略單因子變異數 分析摘要表 …………………………………… 103 表4-4-4 不同依附風格配對之妻子在衝突因應策略各分量表的 平均數與標準差 ……………………………… 105 表4-4-5 不同依附風格配對之妻子衝突因應策略單因子多變項 變異數分析摘要表 …………………………… 106 表4-4-6 不同依附風格配對之妻子衝突因應策略單因子變異數 分析摘要表 …………………………………… 107 表4-4-7 不同依附風格配對之丈夫在婚姻滿意度各分量表的平均 數與標準差 …………………………………… 111 表4-4-8 不同依附風格配對之丈夫婚姻滿意度單因子多變項變異 數分析摘要表 ………………………………… 112 表4-4-9 不同依附風格配對之丈夫婚姻滿意度單因子變異數分析 摘要表 ………………………………………… 113 表4-4-10 不同依附風格配對之妻子在婚姻滿意度各分量表的平均 數與標準差 …………………………………… 116 表4-4-11 不同依附風格配對之妻子婚姻滿意度單因子多變項變異 數分析摘要表 ………………………………… 117 表4-4-12 不同依附風格配對之妻子婚姻滿意度單因子變異數分析 摘要表 ………………………………………… 118 表4-5-1 丈夫的X組變項(衝突因應策略)與Y組變項(婚姻滿 意度)之積差相關矩陣 ……………………… 123 表4-5-2 丈夫的X組變項(衝突因應策略)與Y組變項(婚姻滿 意度) 之典型因素組型及典型相關分析摘要表124 表4-5-3 妻子的X組變項(衝突因應策略)與Y組變項(婚姻滿 意度)之積差相關矩陣 ……………………… 129 表4-5-4 妻子的X組變項(衝突因應策略)與Y組變項(婚姻滿 意度)之典型因素組型及典型相關分析摘要表130 附 圖 目 錄 圖2-1-1 內在運作模式的機轉 …………………………………15 圖2-1-2 不同內在運作模式的四種依附風格 …………………20 圖2-2-1 衝突處理模式 …………………………………………32 圖3-1-1 研究架構圖 ……………………………………………50 圖4-5-1 丈夫衝突因應策略與婚姻滿意度之典型相關結構圖128 圖4-5-2 妻子衝突因應策略與婚姻滿意度之典型相關結構圖133

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