簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 黃壬要
Ren-Yao Huang
論文名稱: 苗栗市高中學生課後運動行為及其影響因素調查研究
The Study on the After-School Exercise Behavior and Its Causes of the High School Students In Miao-li
指導教授: 李志文
Lee, Chin-Wen
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 體育學系
Department of Physical Education
論文出版年: 2004
畢業學年度: 92
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 83
中文關鍵詞: 高中學生運動行為
英文關鍵詞: high school students, exercise behavior
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:171下載:14
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 本研究主要是在瞭解苗栗市高中學生課後運動行為之現況,並探討其個人背景因素、運動結果期待、運動自我效能、運動社會支持及運動阻礙因素與運動行為間的關係。以苗栗市兩所高中(職)日間部的學生為研究對象,採分層隨機抽樣法,並以問卷調查法進行資料收集,得有效樣本544人。所得資料以敘述統計、卡方檢定、單因子變異數分析、薛費氏事後比較及皮爾森積差相關等統計方法處理分析。結果發現:
    一、研究對象從事規律性運動行為的比率男生(74%)較女生(58%)高;在每週運動次數方面,不分性別,大多數的學生皆以每週運動2次居多;且男生每次運動時間較女生長。
    二、研究對象大都與同學或朋友一起從事運動;學校為其最常去的運動場所;籃球及騎腳踏車是男女學生課後最常從事的運動項目。
    三、在運動結果期待方面,課後有參加補習者比無參加補習者得分較高。
    四、研究對象的運動自我效能普遍不高,男生高於女生;高中高於高職;參加運動社團者高於參加非運動社團者。
    五、研究對象所獲得的運動社會支持偏低,朋友是其主要的運動社會支持來源,主要是提供情緒及訊息方面的支持,而工具方面的支持較少。
    六、在運動阻礙因素方面,研究對象認為課業太過繁忙、沒有閒暇時間等因素,較有可能阻礙其課後參與運動行為。
    本研究發現,研究對象的運動行為會因個人背景因素及社會影響因素之不同而有顯著差異。學校為學生最常去的運動場所,建議適度開放校園的運動設施、設備,以利學生及社區民眾從事運動行為使用。

    The study aims to survey the current situation of the after-school exercise behavior of the high school students in Miao-li, including personal backgrounds, exercise expected results, exercise efficiency, exercise social support, exercise interferences, and the relationship between one and another exercise. 544 efficient subjects were selected by the a stratified random sampling method, from two high schools in Maio-li, and were surveyed with questionnaires. The acquired data was then dealt with through Descriptives, Chi-square, One-way ANOVA, Scheff’s posterior comparison and Pearson’s product-moment correlation, The results were listed as below:
    (1)The percentage of those with regular exercise was higher among the boys (74%) than among the girls (58%). In both groups of the boys and the girls, most of the subjects exercise twice a week, with the percentage of 32% and 43% respectively. Moreover, the duration of the boys’ exercising was longer. (2)Most of the subjects take exercise with their classmates or friends, and the school was where they may go most frequently. Without difference between the sexes, basketball and cycling turn out to be the most popular items. (3)In the respect of expected results, those who attend cram schools tend to get high scores than those who do not. (4)The efficiency of the subjects was not high, which was higher among the boys than among the girls, senior high school students than vocational high school students, sporting-club participants than non-sporting-club participants. (5)There was not much social support that the subjects can get. The major one was from their friends, providing mainly emotional and informative supports, but less in the aspect of facilities. (6)With respect to the interferences, the subjects consider their busy studies, little free time, etc. to be the factors that may hamper their participation of the exercise behavior. After school.
    It was found in this study that the exercise behavior of the subjects tends to vary in accordance with the personal background and the social factors, School turn out to be the most popular place where students would go exercising. It was therefore suggested that facilities on campus be open to the students and the people in communities to increase the popularity of exercise behaviors.

    口試委員與系主任簽字證書 ………………………………………… i 授權書 ……………………………………………………………… ii 中文摘要 ……………………………………………………………… iii 英文摘要 …………………………………………………………… iv 謝誌 ………………………………………………………………… v 目次 ………………………………………………………………… vi 表次 ………………………………………………………………… viii 圖次 …………………………………………………………………… ix 第壹章 緒論 …………………………………………………………… 1 第一節 問題背景 …………………………………………………… 1 第二節 研究目的 …………………………………………………… 2 第三節 研究假設 …………………………………………………… 2 第四節 研究範圍 …………………………………………………… 3 第五節 研究限制 …………………………………………………… 3 第六節 名詞操作性定義 …………………………………………… 4 第七節 研究的重要性 ……………………………………………… 5 第貳章 相關文獻探討 ………………………………………………… 6 第一節 運動行為的探討 …………………………………………… 6 第二節 個人背景因素與運動行為的關係 ………………………… 11 第三節 自我效能、結果期待與運動行為的關係 ………………… 14 第四節 社會支持與運動行為的關係 ……………………………… 17 第五節 運動阻礙因素與運動行為的關係 ………………………… 19 第參章 研究方法 ……………………………………………………… 21 第一節 研究架構 …………………………………………………… 21 第二節 研究流程 …………………………………………………… 22 第三節 研究對象 …………………………………………………… 23 第四節 研究工具 …………………………………………………… 24 第五節 研究步驟 …………………………………………………… 28 第六節 資料處理與分析 …………………………………………… 29 第肆章 研究結果 ……………………………………………………… 31 第一節 研究對象個人背景因素及社會影響因素之分布情形 …… 31 第二節 研究對象課後運動行為之現況 …………………………… 42 第三節 研究對象個人背景因素與社會影響因素間的關係 ……… 46 第四節 研究對象個人背景因素與課後運動行為間的關係 ……… 52 第五節 研究對象社會影響因素和課後運動行為間的關係 ……… 54 第伍章 討論與結論 …………………………………………………… 57 第一節 討論 ………………………………………………………… 57 第二節 結論 ………………………………………………………… 60 引用文獻 ……………………………………………………………… 62 一、中文部分 ……………………………………………………… 62 二、英文部分 ……………………………………………………… 65 附 錄 …………………………………………………………………… 76 個人小傳 ………………………………………………………………… 83

    一、中文部分
    王瑞霞(1994)。社區老人健康體能活動參與及相關因素的探討。台
    北:行政院衛生署。

    牛玉珍(1997)。教師規律運動行為影響因素之研究-以交通大學教
    師為例。國立台灣師範大學體育學系碩士論文,台北市。

    行政院衛生署(1998)。國民健康體能促進。中華民國公共衛生概況。台北:行政院衛生署。

    朱經明(1990)。教育統計學。台北:五南圖書出版公司。

    李蘭、季瑋珠、江永盛、楊志良、呂槃(1989)。家庭結構、年齡和
    性別影響成人健康行為之探討。中華衛誌,9(1),1-3。

    李蘭(1993)。運動行為改變理論。國民體育季刊,22(2),32–38。

    吳宏蘭(1992)。某教學醫院參加健康檢查者之運動及攝鈉行為探討。
    國立台灣師範大學衛生教育學系碩士論文,台北市。

    呂昌明、李明憲、楊啟賢(1997)。都市學童規律運動行為及其影響因
    素之研究。衛生教育論文集刊,10,53-61。

    林瑞雄(1991)。國民健康調查之規劃與試驗。台北:行政院衛生署。

    季瑋珠、符春美(1992)。社區民眾從事體能活動之研究。中華衛誌,
    11(4),328-339。

    姜逸群、呂槃、江永盛、黃雅文(1988)。民眾的健康意識及中老年
    病之預防健康行為調查。衛生教育雜誌,9,67-81。

    許泰彰(2000)。國小教師運動行為及其相關因素之研究。國立體育學院體育研究所碩士論文,桃園。

    陳麗鳳(1994)。肥胖兒童體重控制成效探討。國立陽明醫學院衛生
    福利學系碩士論文,台北市。

    陳芮淇(2000)。新竹市某高職學生運動行為及其影響因素之研
    究。國立台灣師範大學體育學系碩士論文,台北市。

    張彩秀(1991)。中老年人運動型態、體適能及健康狀況之研究。國立
    陽明醫學院碩士論文,台北市。

    張彩秀、姜逸群(1994)。國人運動行為、體適能及主觀健康狀況之研
    究。學生衛生,26,2-10。

    張彩秀(1995)。國人運動行為、體適能及主觀健康狀況之研究。學
    校衛生,26,2-23。

    張春興(1991)。現代心理學。台北:東華書局。

    童淑琴(1991)。工作場所健康促進計畫之實驗研究—以台電總公司
    體適能計畫為例。國立台灣師範大學衛生教育學系碩土論文,台
    北市。

    黃麗卿、季瑋珠、鐘嫈嫈(1993)。某專校學生運動情況與運動傷害之
    調。中華家醫誌,3(4),166-173。

    楊瑞蓮(1976)。大專院校學生休閒時間與休閒活動現況。大專體育總會六十五年度體育學術專刊,195-244。

    蔡美月(1996)。北市某活動中心六十歲以上老人連動行為及其影響
    因素之研究。國立台灣師範大學衛生教育學系碩士論文,台北市。

    潘美玉(1996)。某公司中年白領階級男性規律運動習慣及其相關因
    素之研究。國立台灣大學護理學系碩士論文,台北市。

    劉立宇(1995)。運動對改善慢性疾病的效果。國民體育季刊,24,
    99-103。

    劉翠薇(1995)。北縣某商專學生運動行為及其影響因素之研究。國
    立台灣師範大學衛生教育學系碩士論文,台北市。

    鍾志強(1998)。大學生運動行為及相關因素之研究。雲林:雲院書
    城。

    鍾東蓉(2000)。台北市立高中導師運動行為及其影響因素調查研究。
    國立臺灣師範大學衛生教育學系碩士論文,台北市。

    謝鎮偉(2002)。大學教職員工參與休閒運動狀況與阻礙因素之研-以輔仁大學為例。私立輔仁大學體育學系碩士論文,台北。

    二、英文部分
    Andrew, G. M. (1981). Reason for dropout from exercise programs in post coronary patients. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 13(13), 164-168.

    Anderssen, N., & Wold, B. (1992). Parental and peer influences on leisure-time physical activity in young adolescents. Res. Q. Exercies and Sport. 63, 341-348.

    American College of Sports Medicine (1990). The recommended
    quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining
    cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness in healthy adults. Medicine
    and Science in Sports and Exercise, 22(2), 265-274.

    Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. N. J: PRENTICE-HALL.

    Bandura, A. (1982). Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency. American Psychology, 37(2), 122-147.

    Brooks, C. (1988). A causal modeling analysis of sociodemogra-phics and moderate to vigorous physecal activity behavior of American adults. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 59(4), 328-338.

    Butcher, J. (1983). Socialization of adolescent girls into physical activity. Adolescence, 18, 753-766.

    Biddle, S., & Goudes, M. (1996). Analysis of children’s physical activity and its association with adult encouragement and social cognitive variables. Journal of School Health, 66(2), 75-78.

    Blairs, S. N, Kohl, H. W. & Gordon N. F. (1992). Physical activity and
    Health:A lifestyle approach. Medicine Exercise Nutrition and
    Health, 1, 54-57.

    Becker, M. H., Haefner, D. P., Kirscht, J. P., Maiman, L. A., Rosenstock, I. M. (1977). Selected psychological models and correlates of individual health-related behaviors. Medical Care, 15, 27-47.

    Camacho, T. C., Roberts, R. E., Lazarus, N. B., Kaplan, G. A., & Cohen, R. D. (1991). Physical activity and depression: evidence from the Alameda County Study. American Journal of Epidemiology, 134(2), 220-231.

    Caspersen. C. J., & Powell. K. E., & Christenson. G. M.(1985). Physical activity, exercise and physical fitness: definition and distictions for health related research. Public Health Report, 100, 131-146

    Cohen, S. & Syme, S. L. (1985). Issues in the study and application of social support. Social Support and Health. New York: Academic Press.

    Dishman, R. K. (1982). Compliance adherence in health-related
    exercise. Health Psychology, 1(3), 237-267.

    Dishman, R. K. (1991). Increasing & maintaining exercise and physical activity. Behavior Therapy, 22, 345-378.

    Duffy, P. J. (1988). An analysis of the inhibitors to participation in sport in two capitalist countries. Physical-education-review, 11(1), 11-18.

    Dzewaltowski, D. A. (1989). Toward a model of exercise motivation. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 11, 251-269.

    Dishman, R. K., Sallis, J. F. & Orpnstein, D. R. (1985). The determinants of physical activity and exercise. Public Health Reports, 100, 158-170.

    Eaton, C. B., Feldman, H., Reynes, J., Lasater, T., Assaf, A. R., & Carleton, R. A. (1993). Predicting physical activity change in men and women in two New England Communities. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 9(4), 209-219.

    Fentem, P. H. (1992). Exercise in prevention of disease. British Medical
    Bulletin, 48(3), 630-650.

    Fitness Ontario. (1981). Those who know but don’t do (Research Report). Toronto: Ministry of Culture and Recreation.

    Ford, E. S. (1991). Physical activity behaviors in lower and higher socioeconomic status populations. American Journal of Epidemiology, 133(12), 12646-1255.

    Ferguson, K. V., Yesalis, C. E., Pomrehn, P. R., & Kirkpatrick, M. B. (1989). Attitude, Knowledge and beliefs as predictors of exercise intent and behavior in school children. Journal of School. Health, 59, 112-115.

    Gionet, N. J., & Godin, G. (1989). Self reported exercise behavior of employee: a validity study. Journal of Occupation Medicine, 31(12), 969-973.

    Haskell, W. L. (1988). Overview: Health benefits of exercise. Handbook of Life Stress, Cognition and Health. New York: John Wiley and Sons, Ltd., 22, 259-294.

    Heapes, R. A. (1978). Relating physical and psychological fitness: a psychological point of view. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 18, 399-408.

    Hurrell, R. M. (1997). Factors associated with regular exercise. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 84, 871-874.

    Hofstetter, C. R., Hovell, M. F., & Sallis, J. F. (1990). Social learning correlates of exercise self-efficacy; early experiences with physical activity. Sport Medicine, 31(10), 1169-3376.

    House, J. S., Robbins, C., & Metzner, H. L. (1982). The association of social relationships and activities with mortality: Prospective evidence from the Tehcumseh Community Health Study. American Journal of Epidemiology, 116, 123-140.

    Hovell, M., Sallis, J., Hofstetter, R., Barrington, E., Hackley, M., Elder, J., Castro, F., & Klibourne, K., et al. (1991). Identification of correlate on physical activity among Latin adults. Journal of Community Health, 16(1), 23-26.

    Israel, B. A. & Round, K. A. (1987). Social networks and social support: A synthesis for health education. Health Education and Promotion, 2, 311-351.

    Janz, N. K. & Becker, M. H. (1984). The Health Belief Model: A decade later. Health Education Q, 11, 1-47.

    Laporte, R. E., Montoye, H. J., & aspersen, C. J. (1985). Assesment of physical activity in epidemiologic research: problems and prospects. Public Health Reports, 100(2), 131-146.

    Mueller, D. (1980). Social networks: a promising direction for research on the Relationship the social enviornment to psychiatric disorder. Social Science and Medicine, 14A, 147-161.

    Marcus, B. H., Rossi, J. S., Selby, V. C., Niaura, R. S., & Abrams, D. B. (1992). The stages and processes of exercise adoption and maintenance in a worksite sample. Health Psycology, 11(6), 386-395.

    McAuley, E., Coumeya, K. S., & Lettunich, J. (1991). Effects of acute and long-term exercise on self-efficacy responses in sedentary, middleaged males and females. The Gerontologist, 31, 534-542.

    Norbek, J. S. (1981). Social support : a model for clinical research and application. Advances in Nursing Sciences, 3(4), 43-59.

    Noland M. P., & Feldman, R. H. (1985). An empirical investigation of leisure exercise behavior in adult women. Health Education, 16(5), 29-34.
    Norman, A., & Bente, W. (1992). Parental and peer influences on leisure-time physical activity in Young Adolescents. Research Quarterly and Sport, 63(4), 341-348.

    Oldridge, N. B. (1982). Compliance and exercise in primary and
    secondary prevention of coronary heart disease: A review.
    Preventive Medicine, 11, 56-70.

    Powell, K. E., Thompson, P. D., Casperson, C. J., & Kendrick, J. S. (1987). Physical activity and the incidence of coronary heart disease. Annual Review of Public Health, 8, 253-287.

    Raglin, J. S. (1990). Exercise and mental health: beneficial and detrimental effects. Sports Medicine, 9(6), 323-329.

    Resenstock, I. M. (1974). Historical origins of the health belief model. Health Education Monograph, 2, 328-335.

    Rabinowitz, S., Melamed, S., Kasan, R., & Ribak, J. (1993). Personal determinants of health promoting behavior. Public Health Review, 20, 5-14.

    Reynlods, K. D., Killen, J. D, Bryson, S. W., Maron, D. J., Taylor, C. B., Maccoby, N., & Farquhar, J. W., et al. (1990). Psychosocial Predic-tors of physical activity in adolescents. Preventive Medicine, 19, 541-551.
    Saris, W. H. M. (1985). The assessment and evaluation of daily physical activity in children: A review.Acta Peditr Scand SUPPL, 318, 37-48.

    Slenker, S. E. (1984). A investigation of the utility of the health belief model in predicting jogging behavior. DAI-A, 44(8), 2369.

    Sallis, J. F., Haskell, W. L., Fortmann, S. P., Vranizan, K. M., Taylor, C. B., & Solomon, D. S, et al. (1986). Prediction of adoption and aintenamce of physical activity in a community sample. Preventive Medicine, 15, 331-34l.

    Sallis, J. F., Grossman, R. M., Pinski, R. B., Patterson, T. L., & Nader, P. R. (1987). The development of scales to measure social support for diet and exercise behaviors. Preventive Medicine, 16, 826-836.

    Sallis, J. F., Pinski, R. B., Grossman, R. M., Patterson, T. L, & Nader, P. R. (1988). The development of self-efficacy scales for health- related diet and exercise behaviors. Health Education Research, 3(3), 283-292.

    Sallis, J. M., & Hovell, M. F. (1990). Determinants of exercise behavior. Exercise and Sport Sciences Review, 18, 306-330.

    Sallis, J. F., Hovell, M. F., Hofstetter, C. R., & Barrington, E. (1992). Explanation of vigorous physical activity during two years using social learning variables. Social. Science. Medicine,34(1), 25-32.

    Sallis, J. F., Buono, M. J., Roby, J. J, Micale, F. G, & Nelson, J. A. (1993). Seven-day recall and other physical activity self-report in children and adolescents. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 25(1), 99-108.

    Schechtman, K. B., Barzilai, B., Rost, K., & Fisher, E. B. (1991). Measuring physical activity with a single question. American of Public Health, 81(6), 771-773.

    Schunk, D. H., & Carbonari, J. P. (1984). Self-efficacy model Behavioral Health: A handbook of health enhancement and disease prevention, New York:Wiley.

    Strecher, V. J., Devellis, B. M., Becker, M. H., & Rosenstock, I. M. (1986). The role of self-efficacy in achieving health behavior change. Health Education Quarterly, 13(1), 73-92.

    Stephens, T. Craig., & Ferris, B. f. (1986). Adult physical activity in Canada fittness survey. Canada Journal of Public Health, 77, 285-290.

    Taylor, S. E. (1991). Health Psychology(2nd ed.). New York: McGRAW-Hill, Inc.

    Thoits, P. A. (1985). Social support and psychological wellbeing: theoretical possibilities. In I. G. Sarason & B. R. Sarason, Social Support Theory, Research and Applications, 51-72.

    Tolsdorf, C. C. (1976). Social networks, support and coping:an expioratory study. Family Process, 15(4), 407-417.

    Tappe, M. K., Duda, J. L., & Ehrnwald, P. M. (1989). Perceived barriers to exercise among adolescents. Journal of School Health, 59(4), 153-155.

    Taylor, C. B., Sallis, J. F., & Needle, R. (1985). The relation of physical activity and exercise to mental health. Public Health Report, 100, 195-202.

    Thirlaway, K., & Benton, D. (1993). Physical activity in primary-and secondary-school children in West Glam organ. Health Education Journal, 52(1), 37-41.

    Thune, I., & Lund, E. (1997). The influence of physical activty on lung cancer risk. International Journal of Cancer, 70, 57-62.

    Trost, G. S., Pate, R. R., Marsha Dowda , Ruth Saunder, Ward, D. S., Gwen Feton. (1996). Gender differences in physical activity in rural fifth grade children. Journal of School Health, 66(4), 145-149.

    USSG(1996). The Surgeon General's Report on Physical Activity and Health. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office.

    van Mechelen, W., & Kemper, H. C. G. (1995). Habitual physical activity in longitudinal perspective. In H.C.G.Kemper(Ed.), The Amsterdam Growth Study: A longitudinal analysis of health, fitness and lifestyle, 135-158, Champaign, IL:Human Kinetics.

    Vershuur, R., & Kemper, H. C. G. (1985). The pattern of daily physical activity. Medicine Sport Science, 20, 169-186.

    Walter D. Sorochan(1981). Promoting Your Health Physical Fitness. John Wiley & Sons. INC.

    Wilson, R. L. (1991). Physical activity, absenteeism, stress and attitude toward work.U.M.I.Dissertation services(order no. 9126105).

    QR CODE