研究生: |
呂信玫 Lu, Hsin-Mei |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
當委外走不下去?地方政府社會服務契約委外收回之研究 When Outsourcing Becomes Unfeasible : A Study on Local Governments' Contracting Back-In of Social Services |
指導教授: |
曾冠球
Tseng, Kuan-Chiu |
口試委員: |
曾冠球
Tseng, Kuan-Chiu 王宏文 Wang, Hong-Wung 方凱弘 Fang, Kai-Hung |
口試日期: | 2024/07/30 |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
公民教育與活動領導學系 Department of Civic Education and Leadership |
論文出版年: | 2024 |
畢業學年度: | 112 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 178 |
中文關鍵詞: | 社會服務契約 、委外契約收回 、公私夥伴關係 、委外 、社會福利輸送 |
英文關鍵詞: | Social Service Contracts, Contract Back-In, Public-Private Partnerships, Outsourcing, Social Welfare Delivery |
研究方法: | 次級資料分析 、 深度訪談法 、 半結構式訪談法 |
DOI URL: | http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202401840 |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:75 下載:1 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
本文旨在研究哪些因素影響政府從委託社會福利機構到選擇收回委外契約。藉由深度訪談縣市政府社會局處資深委外承辦人員,了解夥伴關係生變的過程以及契約收回之前因後果,進一步分析現階段臺灣社會服務契約委託中政府收回自辦的考量,最後提出政策與實務運作之建議。
以公私夥伴關係的治理模式創造三贏局面,究竟是理想還是真實情境?難道在服務輸送的過程中都沒有困難嗎?本研究主要有三個研究問題:
1.為何會有政府「收回委外契約」,意即「政府收回來自己做」的問題?
2.政府執行收回與否之考量為何:契約收回會涉及哪些問題與考量?如果不收回自辦,通常的解決方法為何?
3.為何無法在事前控制好?是否可能在事前就判斷問題,或如何能做更好的篩選?
本研究所得主要發現如下:
1.政府機關委外前因:私部門具有較高彈性、民間單位的能量和資源,以及因應公部門業務膨脹。
2.影響政府考慮收回的因素:發生嚴重衝突、民間單位專業度不足、沒有機構投標又須繼續提供服務、民間單位不易使力、民間單位窗口特質。
3.影響政府執行收回的問題與考量:提前布局與前端規劃、情況緊急不收回更麻煩、看案件性質,以及難收回的考量。
4.不收回自辦的解決方法:依業務性質為法定項目/非法定項目決定、拆解業務內容、做出模式或框架、調整自我,以及調整他人。
5.要做到事前判斷有困難,但確實有做到更好篩選的方法。
綜合上面的主要研究發現和過去文獻,本研究歸納出三點研究發現的意義:
1.影響政府收回委外契約的關鍵因素是民間單位的狀態,尤其和民間單位的數量及單位品質有著極大關連。當民間單位來投標的數量不足甚至為0(當地根本沒有單位或單位很少),或者單位表現不佳,正是影響收回的關鍵。所以,機構資源稀缺的地方縣市更容易發生契約收回。
2.執行收回之考量在於這份夥伴關係究竟是「減輕政府負擔」或「增加政府麻煩」。當委外單位為政府帶來麻煩的程度大於收回自辦的麻煩程度時,會選擇收回委外契約。
3.事前控制困境的關鍵在於沒有廠商或沒有好廠商得挑,把關功能因此失靈。
This study aims to explore the factors influencing government decisions to transition from outsourcing social welfare services to taking back these contracts in-house. Through in-depth interviews with experienced personnel in county and city government social departments, the research examines the process and consequences of changes in partnerships, as well as the considerations behind the government’s decision to bring outsourcing contracts back in-house. The study further analyzes the current considerations in Taiwan regarding the re-implementation of social service contracts and provides recommendations for policy and practical operations.
The study addresses three main research questions:
1. Why does the government decide to "bring outsourcing contracts back in-house"?
2. What are the considerations involved in the decision to bring contracts back in-house, including issues and challenges? What are the typical solutions if the contracts are not brought back in-house?
3. Why is it difficult to manage these issues beforehand? Is it possible to anticipate problems in advance, or how can better screening be achieved?
Key findings of the study are as follows:
1. Reasons for government outsourcing include the flexibility of the private sector, the energy and resources of private entities, and the expansion of public sector responsibilities.
2. Factors influencing the government’s decision to bring contracts back in-house include severe conflicts, inadequate professional expertise of private entities, lack of bidders requiring continued service provision, private entities face difficulties in driving progress, and characteristics of private sector contacts.
3. Issues and considerations in executing the decision to bring contracts back in-house include early planning, the complexity of emergencies if not brought back in-house, the nature of the case, and difficulties associated with the process.
4. Solutions for not bringing contracts back in-house include differentiating between statutory and non-statutory services, deconstructing service content, creating models or frameworks, and adjusting both self and others.
5. It is challenging to preemptively control issues, but there are methods for better screening.
Based on the key findings and existing literature, this study identifies three significant implications:
1. The critical factor affecting the government’s decision to bring outsourcing contracts back in-house is the status of private entities, particularly their number and quality. A lack of bidders or poor performance of private entities significantly impacts the decision to bring contracts back in-house. Thus, counties with scarce institutional resources are more likely to experience contract back-in.
2. The consideration for executing the decision to bring contracts back in-house hinges on whether the partnership alleviates government burdens or increases complications. When the trouble caused by the outsourced unit exceeds the trouble associated with bringing it back in-house, the decision is made to bring the contract back in-house.
3. The challenge of preemptive control lies in the absence of vendors or the presence of inadequate vendors, which disrupts the screening function.
APSE (2019). Rebuilding Capacity: The Case for Insourcing Public Contracts. Retrieved from https://meetings.london.gov.uk/documents/s78359/04b%20APSE%20-%20the%20case%20for%20insourcing%20-%20May%202019.pdf
Campos-Alba, C. M., De La Higuera Molina, E. J., Pérez-López, G., & Zafra-Gómez, J. L. (2020). Drivers of contracting back in local governments: analysing efficiency, opportunistic political cycles, political corruption and financial factors. Journal of Economic Policy Reform, 24(3), 347–360.
Lu, J., & Hung, W.J. (2023). What brings contracting back in-house? A synthesis of international evidence. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 89(2), 595-610.
NCPPP (2008). 7 Keys to Success. Retrieved from http://www.ncppp.org/ppp-basics/7-keys/
Peters, B.G. (1998). With a Little Help From Our Friends’ : Public-Private Partnerships as Institutions and Instruments. In J. Pierre (ed.), Partnerships in Urban Governance, 11-33. London: Palgrave Macmillan
Sandford, M. (2019). Local Government: Alternative Models of Service Delivery. Briefing Paper Number 05950, 9 September 2019, 1-27.
Weber B., Staub-Bisang M., and Alfen, H. W. (2016). Infrastructure as an Asset Class: Investment Strategy, Sustainability, Project Finance and PPP, 2nd Edition. Wiley Publishing. Chichester.
王雲東(2012)。社會研究方法:量化與質性取向及其應用(第二版)。威仕曼。
行政院人事行政總處(2001)。推動政府業務委託民間辦理實例暨契約參考手冊。行政院人事行政總處。
林玉華(2004)。公私夥伴關係的治理:理論的初探兼論英國的第三條道路,東海大學公共行政學系「公共服務改革與民營化的現代課題研討會」。
林淑馨(2016)。台灣非營利組織與地方政府協力的實證分析:以六縣市為例。政治科學論叢,69,103-147。
林嘉蓉(2013)。推動公私夥伴關係PPP之省思。當代財政,36,72-79。
孫煒(2016)。台灣地方社會服務契約委外的績效與競爭。公共行政學報,51,1-33。
財政部推動促參司(2020)。已簽約案件簽約件數及效益(截至108年度)。財政部民間參與公共建設資訊網。取自https://ppp.mof.gov.tw/WWW/ref.aspx?mid=DE6B24CD5722B2E2&oid=F22D69C6BEC26CE3
財政部推動促參司(2024)。何謂促參。財政部促進民間參與公共建設資訊網。取自https://ppp.mof.gov.tw/WWW/about.aspx
莫永榮(2004)。政府服務委託外包的理論與實務:臺灣經驗。行政暨政策學報,39,75-104。
郭振昌(2005)。臺灣地區公共就業服務民營化可行性初探-福利多元主義的省思。社區發展季刊,108,135-146。
陳敦源、張世杰(2010)。公私協力夥伴關係的弔詭。文官制度,2(3),17-71。
陳重安(2011)。政府契約委外的再檢視:目標、理論應用、績效衡量、與知識論基礎。公共行政學報,40,111-145。
曾冠球(2010)。「問題廠商」還是「問題政府」?電子化政府公私合夥協力困境之個案分析。公共行政學報,34,77-121。
曾冠球、方凱弘(2013)。政府部門機關委外的迷思與挑戰。文官制度,5(3),59-85。
曾冠球(2018)。公私合夥的亮點:高雄市勞工教育生活中心的促參經驗。人事行政,204,12-23。
黃源協、莊俐昕(2019)。社會服務契約委外何去何從?。社區發展季刊,166,75-87。
黃錦榮、葉林(2011)。公共服務“逆向合同承包”的制度選擇邏輯——以廣州市環衛服務改革為例。公共行政評論,5,100-120+180。
經濟部駐英台北代表處經濟組(2014)。外包商獲英國政府高價合約。臺灣經貿網。取自https://info.taiwantrade.com/biznews/%E5%A4%96%E5%8C%85%E5%95%86%E7%8D%B2%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E9%AB%98%E5%83%B9%E5%90%88%E7%B4%84-980537.html
趙碧華(2003)。社會福利民營化的迷思:公部門的困境?私部門的願景?-社會福利資源配置的思考,東吳社會工作學報,9,1-44。
劉淑瓊(2005)。精明的委外:論社會服務契約委託之策略規劃。社區發展季刊,108,120-134。
劉淑瓊(2011)。理想與現實:論臺灣社會服務契約委託的變遷與課題。社區發展季刊,133,462-478。
潘淑滿(2003)。質性研究:理論與應用。心理。
儲亞萍(2013)。公共服務中的“逆向合同承包”及應對策略——以社區衛生服務為例。理論探索,5,83-85。
蘇麗瓊、陳素春、陳美蕙(2005)。社會服務民營化——以內政部所屬社會福利機構業務委外辦理為例。社區發展季刊,108,7-21。