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研究生: 黃子岳
Huang, Richard Zi-Yue
論文名稱: YouTube街頭訪問影片中幽默字幕之策略
The Strategies of Humor in Captions in Street Interview Videos on YouTube
指導教授: 蘇席瑤
Su, Hsi-Yao
口試委員: 蘇席瑤
Su, Hsi-Yao
張妙霞
Chang, Miao-Hsia
徐嘉慧
Chui, Kawai
口試日期: 2023/01/16
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 英語學系
Department of English
論文出版年: 2023
畢業學年度: 111
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 115
中文關鍵詞: 語言歧義失諧-解困理論解困理論成員類屬分析刻板印象電腦中介傳播
英文關鍵詞: language ambiguity, Incongruity-Resolution Theory, Membership Categorization Analysis, stereotype, computer-mediated communication
研究方法: 言談分析
DOI URL: http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202300278
論文種類: 學術論文
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  • 這項研究調查了在YouTube街頭訪談影片中,用於創造幽默的字幕之策略。此研究蒐集了YouTube頻道-HahaTai 哈哈台裡的街頭訪談影片中的240枚字幕,並使用三個理論框架作為基礎進行分析,即語言歧義分類、失諧-解困理論和成員類屬分析。分析結果顯示,標題中的幽默策略可以從多種角度分析:結構觀點、語用觀點、文本結構觀點和社會觀點。每一個角度都有多種引起幽默之策略。雖然這些策略可以單獨運作,但它們也常常結合,其中較頻繁一同出現的策略組合包括:(1)複合詞和同音異義、(2)諷刺和誇張法、(3)標籤化和誇張法、(4) 標籤化和語碼轉換,以及(5)構建對話和誇張法。同時,也發現不是所有的策略都利用了失諧的概念,有些策略是基於與社會期待的不相容、強調和刻板印象。本研究為今後在電腦中介傳播中使用幽默策略的研究提出了建議,並期望未來研究能觀察個體差異和媒體平台的不同對幽默感知的影響。

    This study investigated the strategies used to create humor in captions in street interview videos on YouTube. A total of 240 captions in the selected street interview videos on the YouTube channel, HahaTai, were collected and examined using three theoretical frameworks, namely the language ambiguity classification, Incongruity-Resolution Theory, and Membership Categorization Analysis. The results showed that the humor strategies in the captions could be analyzed from various perspectives: structural, pragmatic, textual, and social. Each perspective had multiple strategies so as to evoke humor. While these strategies could work individually, they also appeared in frequent combinations including (1) word compounding and homonymy, (2) sarcasm and hyperbole, (3) labeling and hyperbole, (4) labeling and code-switching, and (5) constructed dialogue and hyperbole. It was also found that not all strategies were based on incongruity, some strategies were based on incompatibility, emphasis, and stereotypes. The study provided suggestions for future research on the use of humorous strategies in computer-mediated communication and highlighted the need to examine the effects of individual differences and different media platforms on humor perception.

    ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS i CHINESE ABSTRACT iii ENGLISH ABSTRACT v LIST OF TABLES xi LIST OF FIGURES xiii Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1. Research Background 1 1.2. Research Sites 4 1.3. The Organization of the Present Study 6 Chapter 2 Literature Review 7 2.1 Humor 7 2.2 Language Play 8 2.3 Incongruity-Resolution Theory (IR) 12 2.4 Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) 14 2.5 Mandarin Chinese Humor Studies 16 2.6 Irony and Sarcasm 18 2.7 Humor Evoked by Stereotypes 20 2.8 Concluding Remarks 22 Chapter 3 Methodology 25 3.1. Data Collection 25 3.2. Data Sampling 28 3.3. Theoretical Frameworks 29 Chapter 4 Analysis of Individual Strategies 37 4.1 The Structural Layer 37 4.1.1 Morphological 37 4.1.2 Lexical 40 4.1.2.1 Lexical Item: Word 40 4.1.2.2 Lexical Item: Phrase 41 4.1.3 Phonological 43 4.1.3.1 Homonymy 43 4.1.3.2 Mispronunciation 45 4.1.4 Syntactic 47 4.1.4.1 Appositive 48 4.1.4.2 Topicalization 49 4.1.4.3 Be-predicate 50 4.2 The Pragmatic Layer 52 4.2.1 Labeling 53 4.2.1.1 Labeling: Physical 53 4.2.1.2 Labeling: Behavioral 55 4.2.1.3 Labeling: Experiential 56 4.2.1.4 Labeling: Regional 57 4.2.2 Verbal Irony 59 4.2.3 Sarcasm 60 4.2.4 Juxtaposition of Multiple Scripts 61 4.2.5 Code-Switching 63 4.2.6 Intertextualization 64 4.2.7 Constructed Dialogue 67 4.2.8 Presupposition 68 4.2.9 Hyperbole 69 4.3 The Textual Layer 70 4.3.1 Situational Irony 70 4.3.1.1 Frame Establishment 71 4.3.1.2 Pseudo Frame Establishment 74 4.3.1.3 Frame Enhancement 77 4.3.1.4 Frame Replacement 79 4.4 The Social Layer 80 4.4.1 Type A: Internal Stereotype Reference + Other-Praising 82 4.4.2 Type B: External Stereotype Reference + Other-Praising 84 4.4.3 Type C: External Stereotype Reference + Other-Deprecating 85 4.4.4 Type D: Internal Stereotype Reference + Other-Deprecating 86 4.5 Incongruity-Resolution Theory, A Good Fit? 87 4.6 Concluding Remarks 88 Chapter 5 The Interactions 89 5.1 Interactions in the Structural Layer 89 5.1.1 Phonomorphological: Word Compounding and Homonymy 90 5.2 Interactions in the Pragmatic Layer 91 5.2.1 Sarcasm and Hyperbole 91 5.2.2 Labeling and Hyperbole 93 5.2.3 Labeling and Code-Switching 94 5.2.4 Constructed Dialogue and Hyperbole 96 5.3 The Linguistic Representation of Stereotypes 97 5.4 Concluding Remarks 100 Chapter 6 General Discussion and Conclusion 103 6.1 General Discussion 103 6.1.1 How is humor produced in street interview videos? 103 6.1.2 How do these strategies work collaboratively? 104 6.1.3 Are all the humor strategies based on incongruity? 104 6.2 Suggestions and Limitations 107 References 111

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