研究生: |
陳婕妤 Chen, Chieh-Yu |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
爬蟲類寵物飼主知識與依附感對其動物福利之影響─以豹紋守宮為例 Impact of Owners' Knowledge and Attachment on Animal Welfare of Reptiles: A Case Study of Leopard Geckos (Eublepharis macularius) |
指導教授: |
方偉達
Fang, Wei-Ta |
口試委員: |
方偉達
Fang, Wei-Ta 林思民 Lin, Si-Min 王順美 Wang, Shun-Mei |
口試日期: | 2024/07/22 |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
永續管理與環境教育研究所 Graduate Institute of Sustainability Management and Environmental Education |
論文出版年: | 2024 |
畢業學年度: | 112 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 127 |
中文關鍵詞: | 爬蟲類 、寵物 、動物福利 、依附感 、行為指標 、豹紋守宮 |
英文關鍵詞: | Reptiles, Pets, Animal welfare, Attachment, Behavioral indicators, Leopard geckos |
研究方法: | 調查研究 |
DOI URL: | http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202401838 |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:66 下載:3 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
爬蟲類於近年成為受歡迎的寵物選擇之一,全球飼養人數攀升,臺灣亦是;然而前人的研究指出過去的動物福利研究多集中在研究哺乳類及鳥類,近十年來,爬蟲類的動物福利才受到少數學者的關注。反觀臺灣,目前尚無對於爬蟲類進行動物福利相關的研究,為本研究的研究缺口。動物福利可分為倫理、科學、法律三種面向,本研究從科學面著手,進行臺灣爬蟲類寵物中豹紋守宮動物福利現況的探究,並以出自動物本身的動物福利指標衡量爬蟲類的動物福利。除此之外,研究者觀察到部分爬蟲類寵物處於動物福利不佳的狀態,其寵物飼主卻沒有意識到,或是不甚在意,這與國外的研究結果類似。過去的研究指出爬蟲類的需求時常是被低估的,錯誤的知識源自於網路上不可靠的訊息來源、飼主之間的資訊交流,以及寵物業者的宣傳話術,導致爬蟲類寵物受限於不符合動物福利科學觀及倫理觀的照顧方式,值得深入研究。有鑑於此,本研究亦探究動物福利不佳的情形,是否源自於知識的錯謬或情感上的匱乏。本研究方法採用問卷調查,以爬蟲類中豹紋守宮及其飼主作為研究對象,研究結果旨在反映寵物的動物福利表現、飼主對寵物需求的了解程度、情感程度、照顧適切程度,以及探討知識及情感對於寵物動物福利表現的影響力。研究結果顯示知識及情感對於飼主的照顧適切程度和寵物的動物福利表現皆具有預測力。此外,在本研究中女性和飼養個體數較少的飼主在知識、情感、照顧適切程度及動物福利表現上皆有較高的分數,飼養年資較短的飼主其寵物的動物福利表現較佳,可見飼養經驗較豐富的飼主並未有較佳的表現。
Reptiles have become one of the popular pet choices in recent years globally, including in Taiwan. However, previous studies have pointed out that most animal welfare research only focused on mammals and birds. Until these ten years, some animal welfare research on reptiles has been published overseas. In contrast, there is no researches on the current status of reptile animal welfare in Taiwan currently. Animal welfare can be divided into three aspects: ethics, science, and law. This thesis explores the current situation of pet reptile animal welfare in Taiwan from the scientific aspect, using indicators based on the status of animals as the standards to measure animal welfare. In addition, the researcher observed that some reptile pets are led in a state of poor animal welfare, but their pet owners do not realize or do not care about their pets, which is similar to the results of previous studies. Past studies have pointed out that the needs of reptiles are often underestimated. Unreliable information sources on the internet and information flow between owners, and sales talks in the pet industry provide wrong knowledge. Reptiles are limited to unscientific and lacking ethical environment and resources. Therefore, this study will be supposed to explore whether poor animal welfare situations stem from knowledge gaps or from emotional deficits. The research employs a questionnaire survey, focusing on leopard geckos and their owners as the subjects. The results aim to reflect the welfare performance of the pets, the owners' understanding of their pets' needs, emotional engagement, and the appropriateness of care, as well as to explore the impact of knowledge and emotions on pet welfare performance. The findings indicate that both knowledge and emotional engagement significantly predict the appropriateness of care and the welfare performance of the pets. In this study, female owners and those with fewer pets exhibited higher scores in terms of knowledge, emotion, care appropriateness, and welfare performance. Owners with shorter pet-keeping experience demonstrated better pet welfare performance, indicating that more experienced owners did not necessarily perform better.
張芳全(2019)。統計就是要這樣跑(四版)。心理出版社。
陳俊宏(2005)。外來供觀賞及寵物動物之入侵研究。行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計畫成果報告(編號:NSC92-3114-B-002-013-),未出版。
陳思穎(2023)。探討香港爬行寵物的飼養現況及飼主的動物福利行為與其社會支持間之關係(碩博士論文,國立臺灣師範大學)。臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統,https://hdl.handle.net/11296/k7z83x。
黃鈺婷(2021)。台灣綠鬣蜥飼主飼養概況與其生態風險行為初探(碩博士論文,國立臺灣師範大學)。臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統,https://hdl.handle.net/11296/48sds6。
Ashley, S., Brown, S., Ledford, J., Martin, J., Nash, A.-E., Terry, A., . . . Warwick, C. (2014). Morbidity and Mortality of Invertebrates, Amphibians, Reptiles, and Mammals at a Major Exotic Companion Animal Wholesaler. Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science, 17(4), 308-321. doi:10.1080/10888705.2014.918511
Azevedo, A., Guimarães, L., Ferraz, J., Whiting, M., & Magalhães-Sant’Ana, M. (2021). Pet Reptiles—Are We Meeting Their Needs? Animals, 11(10), 2964. Retrieved from https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/10/2964
Azevedo, A., Guimarães, L., Ferraz, J., Whiting, M., & Magalhães-Sant’Ana, M. (2022). Understanding the Human–Reptile Bond: An Exploratory Mixed-Methods Study. Anthrozoös, 35(6), 755-772. doi:10.1080/08927936.2022.2051934
Bashaw, M. J., Gibson, M. D., Schowe, D. M., & Kucher, A. S. (2016). Does enrichment improve reptile welfare? Leopard geckos (Eublepharis macularius) respond to five types of environmental enrichment. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 184, 150-160. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2016.08.003
Bastian, B., Costello, K., Loughnan, S., & Hodson, G. (2011). When Closing the Human–Animal Divide Expands Moral Concern: The Importance of Framing. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 3(4), 421-429. doi:10.1177/1948550611425106
Beck, L., & Madresh, E. A. (2008). Romantic partners and four-legged friends: An extension of attachment theory to relationships with pets. Anthrozoös, 21(1), 43-56. doi:10.2752/089279308X274056
Bowlby, J. (1979). The Bowlby-Ainsworth attachment theory. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 2(4), 637-638. doi:10.1017/S0140525X00064955
Broom, D. M. (1991). Animal welfare: concepts and measurement2. Journal of Animal Science, 69(10), 4167-4175. doi:10.2527/1991.69104167x
Broom, D. M. (2008). Welfare Assessment and Relevant Ethical Decisions: Key Concepts.
Broom, D. M. (2011). A history of animal welfare science. Acta Biotheor, 59(2), 121-137. doi:10.1007/s10441-011-9123-3
Burghardt, G. M. (2013). Environmental enrichment and cognitive complexity in reptiles and amphibians: Concepts, review, and implications for captive populations. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 147(3), 286-298. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2013.04.013
Burghardt, G. M., Ward, B., & Rosscoe, R. (1996). Problem of reptile play: Environmental enrichment and play behavior in a captive Nile soft-shelled turtle, Trionyx triunguis. Zoo Biology, 15(3), 223-238. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-2361(1996)15:3<223::AID-ZOO3>3.0.CO;2-D
Canali, E., & Keeling, L. (2009). Welfare Quality® project: from scientific research to on farm assessment of animal welfare. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 8(sup2), 900-903. doi:10.4081/ijas.2009.s2.900
Dawkins, M. S. (2008). The Science of Animal Suffering. Ethology, 114(10), 937-945. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0310.2008.01557.x
Dinets, V. (2015). Play behavior in crocodilians. Animal Behavior & Cognition, 2, 49-55. doi:10.12966/abc.02.04.201
Duncan, I. J., & Petherick, J. C. (1991). The implications of cognitive processes for animal welfare. J Anim Sci, 69(12), 5017-5022. doi:10.2527/1991.69125017x
Erica , M. (n.d.). Leopard gecko care. Retrieved from http://www.exoticpetvet.com/leopard-gecko-care.html
FAWC. (1979). Farm Animal Welfare Council Press Release. https://www.gov.uk/government/groups/farm-animal-welfare-committee-fawc
Fraser, D. (2008). The role of the veterinarian in animal welfare. Animal welfare: too much or too little? Abstracts of the 21st Symposium of the Nordic Committee for Veterinary Scientific Cooperation (NKVet). Vaerløse, Denmark. September 24-25, 2007. Acta Vet Scand, 50 Suppl 1(Suppl 1), S1-12. doi:10.1186/1751-0147-50-s1-s1
Fraser, D., & Duncan, I. J. H. (1998). ‘Pleasures’,'Pains’ and Animal Welfare: Toward a Natural History of Affect. Animal Welfare, 7(4), 383-396. doi:10.1017/S0962728600020935
Grant, R. A., Montrose, V. T., & Wills, A. P. (2017). ExNOTic: Should We Be Keeping Exotic Pets? Animals, 7(6), 47. Retrieved from https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/7/6/47
Gray, K., Young, L., & Waytz, A. (2012). Mind Perception Is the Essence of Morality. Psychological inquiry, 23(2), 101-124. doi:10.1080/1047840X.2012.651387
Hailey, A. (2000). Implications of high intrinsic growth rate of a tortoise population for conservation. Animal Conservation, 3(3), 185-189. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-1795.2000.tb00102.x
Hair, J., Black, W., Babin, B., Anderson, R. and Tatham, R. (2006) Multivariate Data Analysis. 6th Edition, Pearson Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River
Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. (1987). Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52(3), 511-524. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.52.3.511
Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. R. (1994). Attachment as an organizational framework for research on close relationships. Psychological inquiry, 5(1), 1-22. doi:10.1207/s15327965pli0501_1
Hollandt, T., Baur, M., & Wöhr, A. C. (2021). Animal-appropriate housing of ball pythons (Python regius)-Behavior-based evaluation of two types of housing systems. PLoS One, 16(5), e0247082. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0247082
Howell, T. J., & Bennett, P. C. (2017). Despite their best efforts, pet lizard owners in Victoria, Australia, are not fully compliant with lizard care guidelines and may not meet all lizard welfare needs. Journal of Veterinary Behavior, 21, 26-37. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jveb.2017.07.005
Johnson, T. P., Garrity, T. F., & Stallones, L. (1992). Psychometric evaluation of the Lexington Attachment to Pets Scale (LAPS). Anthrozoös, 5(3), 160-175. doi:10.2752/089279392787011395
Keeling, L., Evans, A., Forkman, B., & Kjaernes, U. (2013). Welfare Quality® principles and criteria. In (pp. 91-114). Leiden, The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic.
Keeling, L., Rushen, J., & Duncan, I. (2018). Understanding animal welfare. CABI, 16–35. doi:10.1079/9781786390202.0016
Krönke, F., & Xu, L. (2023). Sensory Stimulation as a Means of Sustained Enhancement of Well-Being in Leopard Geckos, Eublepharis macularius (Eublepharidae, Squamata). Animals, 13(23), 3595. Retrieved from https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/23/3595
Kurdek, L. A. (2008). Pet dogs as attachment figures. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 25(2), 247-266. doi:10.1177/0265407507087958
Kurdek, L. A. (2009). Pet dogs as attachment figures for adult owners. J Fam Psychol, 23(4), 439-446. doi:10.1037/a0014979
Lambert, H., Carder, G., & D’Cruze, N. (2019). Given the Cold Shoulder: A Review of the Scientific Literature for Evidence of Reptile Sentience. Animals, 9(10), 821. Retrieved from https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/9/10/821
Mellor, D. J. (2016a). Moving beyond the “Five Freedoms” by Updating the “Five Provisions” and Introducing Aligned “Animal Welfare Aims”. Animals, 6(10), 59. Retrieved from https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/6/10/59
Mellor, D. J. (2016b). Updating Animal Welfare Thinking: Moving beyond the “Five Freedoms” towards “A Life Worth Living”. Animals, 6(3), 21. Retrieved from https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/6/3/21
Mellor, D. J., & Reid, C. S. W. (1994). Concepts of animal well-being and predicting the impact of procedures on experimental animals.
Miles, S. (2017). Common conditions in leopard geckos (Eublepharis macularius). Companion Animal, 22(9), 546-551. doi:10.12968/coan.2017.22.9.546
Moszuti, S. A., Wilkinson, A., & Burman, O. H. P. (2017). Response to novelty as an indicator of reptile welfare. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 193, 98-103. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2017.03.018
North American Veterinary Community (2016). Companion Reptile Care Series. NAVC. https://birdsandexotics.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Leopard-Gecko-ARAV.pdf
Oliveira, P., Patrício, R., Faustino, A., & Franco, F. (2023). The lifestyle of the leopard gecko and the importance of ultraviolet radiation, vitamin D and calciumPregled stila života leopard gekona i važnost ultraljubčastog zračenja, vitamina D i kalcija. Veterinarska stanica, 55, 441-456. doi:10.46419/vs.55.4.6
Oonincx, D., & van Leeuwen, J. (2017). Evidence-Based Reptile Housing and Nutrition. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice, 20(3), 885-898. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvex.2017.04.004
Pasmans, F., Bogaerts, S., Braeckman, J., Cunningham, A. A., Hellebuyck, T., Griffiths, R. A., . . . Martel, A. (2017). Future of keeping pet reptiles and amphibians: towards integrating animal welfare, human health and environmental sustainability. Veterinary Record, 181(17), 450-450. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.104296
Payne, E., Bennett, P. C., & McGreevy, P. D. (2015). Current perspectives on attachment and bonding in the dog-human dyad. Psychol Res Behav Manag, 8, 71-79. doi:10.2147/prbm.S74972
Rivas, J., & Burghardt, G. M. (2002). Crotalomorphism: A Metaphor for Understanding Anthropomorphism by Omission. In M. Bekoff, C. Allen, & G. M. Burghardt (Eds.), The Cognitive Animal: Empirical and Theoretical Perspectives on Animal Cognition (pp. 0): The MIT Press.
Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (n.d.). Leopard Gecko Care Sheet. RSPCA. https://www.rspca.org.uk/webContent/static-pages/home.html
Serpell, J. A. (2019). How happy is your pet? The problem of subjectivity in the assessment of companion animal welfare. Animal Welfare, 28(1), 57-66. doi:10.7120/09627286.28.1.057
Shore, E. R., Douglas, D. K., & Riley, M. L. (2005). What's in it for the companion animal? Pet attachment and college students' behaviors toward pets. J Appl Anim Welf Sci, 8(1), 1-11. doi:10.1207/s15327604jaws0801_1
Valdez, J. W. (2021). Using Google Trends to Determine Current, Past, and Future Trends in the Reptile Pet Trade. Animals, 11(3), 676. Retrieved from https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/3/676
Warwick, C. (2014). The Morality of the Reptile "Pet" Trade. Journal of Animal Ethics, 4, 74-94. doi:10.5406/janimalethics.4.1.0074
Warwick, C., Arena, P., Lindley, S., Jessop, M., & Steedman, C. (2013). Assessing reptile welfare using behavioural criteria. In Practice, 35(3), 123-131. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/inp.f1197
Warwick, C., Steedman, C., Jessop, M., Arena, P., Pilny, A., & Nicholas, E. (2018). Exotic pet suitability: Understanding some problems and using a labeling system to aid animal welfare, environment, and consumer protection. Journal of Veterinary Behavior, 26, 17-26. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jveb.2018.03.015
Webster, J. (2016). Animal Welfare: Freedoms, Dominions and “A Life Worth Living”. Animals, 6(6), 35. Retrieved from https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/6/6/35
Wensley, S. (2008). Animal Welfare and the Human-Animal Bond: Considerations for Veterinary Faculty, Students, and Practitioners. Journal of Veterinary Medical Education, 35, 532-539. doi:10.3138/jvme.35.4.532
Whitham, J. C., & Wielebnowski, N. (2013). New directions for zoo animal welfare science. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 147(3), 247-260. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2013.02.004
Whittaker, A. L., Golder-Dewar, B., Triggs, J. L., Sherwen, S. L., & McLelland, D. J. (2021). Identification of Animal-Based Welfare Indicators in Captive Reptiles: A Delphi Consultation Survey. Animals, 11(7), 2010. Retrieved from https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/7/2010
Wunderlich, S., Griffiths, T., & Baines, F. (2024). UVB-emitting LEDs for reptile lighting: Identifying the risks of nonsolar UV spectra. Zoo Biology, 43(1), 61-74. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/zoo.21806
網路資源:
Erica , M. (n.d.). Leopard gecko care. Retrieved fromhttp://www.exoticpetvet.com/leopard-gecko-care.html
FAWC. (1979). Farm Animal Welfare Council Press Release.https://www.gov.uk/government/groups/farm-animal-welfare-committee-fawc
Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (n.d.). Leopard Gecko Care Sheet. RSPCA. https://www.rspca.org.uk/webContent/static-pages/home.html
North American Veterinary Community (2016). Companion Reptile Care Series. NAVC.https://birdsandexotics.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Leopard-Gecko-ARAV.pdf