研究生: |
黃雪甄 Shiue-Jen Huang |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
使用者的認知風格及知覺玩興對智慧型手機沉浸經驗與成癮之研究 The Study of Smartphone Flow Experience and Addiction Influenced by Users' Cognitive Style and Perceived Playfulness |
指導教授: |
洪榮昭
Hong, Jon-Chao |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
工業教育學系 Department of Industrial Education |
論文出版年: | 2012 |
畢業學年度: | 100 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 129 |
中文關鍵詞: | 認知風格 、知覺玩興 、沉浸經驗 、智慧型手機成癮 、科技接受模式 |
英文關鍵詞: | cognitive style, perceived playfulness, flow experience, smartphone addiction, technology acceptance model |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:338 下載:0 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
智慧型手機整合3G與WiFi行動無線網路的應用技術,隨處可見年輕族群人手一機低頭沉浸「智慧型手機成癮 (smartphone addtions, SA)」之傾向。
本研究採調查研究法,以臺灣智慧型手機使用者為抽樣對象,經便利抽樣法透過電子郵件寄發Google網路問卷彙集樣本資料。回收問卷得427份,經剔除無效問卷後得有效問卷413份,回收率達96.7%,且量表信效度皆獲得驗證。透過敍述性統計分析以了解樣本分布狀況、以變異數分析了解不同背景變項間的差異,並為求整體分析各構面間的影響因素,藉由結構方程模型 (structural equation modeling, SEM) 建構外部變項影響使用者的沉浸經驗 (flow experience) 進而形成智慧型手機成癮 (smartphone addtions, SA) 之因素影響模式。
研究結果顯示,使用者視覺分析型認知風格與知覺玩興對知覺有用與知覺有用皆有顯著影響;而使用者的沉浸經驗透過知覺有用與知覺易用之中介效果,對智慧型手機成癮有直接顯著性影響。由此可見,視覺分析型認知風格越強烈的使用者,越易產生沉浸與成癮現象,知覺玩興越高的使用者玩興感受越強則沉浸經驗越高;研究結論就智慧型手機成癮影響模式之徑路分析等部分詳加說明,分析使用者認知回饋提供智慧型手機產品設計參考,以利修正產品與使用者間之鴻溝,並對智慧型手機及未來研究提出相關建議。
Smartphones have made today’s younger generations seem much more “addicted” to their smartphones, this is called “smartphone addiction (SA)”.
The purpose of this study, therefore, is to analyze the factors of experience of immersion and addiction caused by smartphones. Based on Technology Acceptance Model, the research consisted of six constructs: “cognitive style”, “perceived playfulness”, “perceived usefulness”, “perceived easy of use”, “flow experience”, and “smartphone addiction” as endogenous variables.
Using convenience sampling, this study collected 427 samples through emails. Moreover, 413 were validated for confirmatory factor analysis with structural equation modeling. The results show that the user graphic-oriented cognitive style and perception playfulness on perceived usefulness and perceived usefulness were all the significantly positive impact. User's flow experience through perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use were reflected to the smart phone addiction. Thus, the more inclination of graphic-oriented cognitive style the participants was, the easier to produce flow experience and effect to playing addiction. In addition, participants with higher playfulness, they would have higher level of flow experience and addiction affect. The implication of this study suggested that the notification of user cognitive feedback smartphone could provide product designers to meet users’ needs.
壹、中文部分
孔繁鐘譯(2007)。DSM-IV-TR 精神疾病診斷準則手冊(第四版)。臺北市:合記。
毛政仁(2010)。網路口碑與沉迷經驗對線上遊戲持續使用意圖之研究-以科技準備度為干擾變項(未出版之碩士論文)。私立大同大學,臺北市。
王小運、伍安春(2012)。大學生手機成癮行為的成因及其對策。重慶郵電大學學報(社會科學版),24,40-43。
王渝薇(2010)。玩線上遊戲是計畫行為嗎?-以沉浸經驗延伸計畫行為理論(未出版之碩士論文)。國立中央大學,桃園縣。
吳明隆(2009)。SPSS 操作與應用: 問卷統計分析實務(第二版)。臺北市:五南。
吳明隆、涂金堂(2009)。SPSS與統計應用分析(第二版)。臺北市:五南。
吳秋蘭(2010)。從線上遊戲吸引因素探討設計數位學習教材之初探研究(未出版之碩士論文)。國立臺北教育大學,臺北市。
周榮、周倩(1997)。網路上癮現象、網路使用行為與傳播快感經驗之相關性初探。中華傳播學會年會論文。臺北市。
羋大維(2012)。以科技接受模式探討手機簡訊之使用行為:以中國大陸大學生為例(未出版之碩士論文)。私立淡江大學,新北市。
邱皓政(2004),量化研究與統計分析 (基礎版)- SPSS中文視窗版資料分析範例解析。臺北市:五南。
邱皓政(2004)。結構方程模型:LISREL 的理論、技術與應用。臺北市:雙葉。
柯燕茹(2011)。智慧型手機行動銀行消費者使用行為意圖研究-以理性行為理論及科技接受模型觀點(未出版之碩士論文)。國立成功大學,臺南市。
洪新原、梁定澎、張嘉銘(2005)。科技接受模式之彙總研究。資訊管理學報,12(4),211-234。
洪榮昭、黃雪甄、吳信宏(2010)。整合科技焦慮與知覺玩興構面探討智慧型手機滿意度。2011前膽管理學術與產業趨勢研討會論文摘要集,88(17),ISBN:978-986-02-7724-1。
胡凱傑、鍾文鑑、丘志文(2010)。以科技接受模式探討光纖寬頻網路使用者使用意向之影響因素。行銷評論,7(2),161-186。
徐華、吳玄娜、蘭彥婷、陳英和(2008)。大學生手機依賴量表的編制。中國臨床心理學雜誌,13(2),170-172。
秦永悌(2008)。高中職學生手機使用行為、人際互動與社會支持的相關研究(未出版之碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學,臺北市。
屠斌斌、章俊龍、姜伊素(2010)。大學生手機成癮傾向問卷的初步編制。和田師範科學學報:漢文綜合版(004),48-50。
張芳全(2010)。論文就是要這樣寫(第二版)。臺北市:心理。
張蘋(2005)。臺灣車用數位電視使用者之研究(未出版之碩士論文)。銘傳大學,臺北市。
陳立先(2009)。玩性透過自我調節對心流狀態的影響:以休閒遊戲為平臺(未出版之碩士論文)。國立交通大學,新竹市。
陳淑娟(2008)。以消費者觀點探討使用電腦看電視/錄影功能接受意願之研究:以臺灣為例(未出版之碩士論文)。世新大學,臺北市。
陳淑惠(1998a)。上網會成癮。科學月刊,26(6),477-481。
陳淑惠(1998b)。我國學生電腦網路沉迷現象之整合研究子計畫一:網路沉迷現象的心理病因之初探(1/2)。行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計畫成果報告(編號:NSC 87-2511-S-002-023-N)。臺北市:行政院國家科學委員會。
陳淑惠(1999)。我國學生電腦網路沉迷現象之整合研究子計畫一:網路沉迷現象的心理病因之初探(2/2)。行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計畫成果報告,(編號:NSC 89-2511-S-002-010-N)。臺北市:行政院國家科學委員會。
陳淑惠、翁儷禎、蘇逸人、吳和懋、楊品鳳(2003)。中文網路成癮量表之編製與心理計量特性之研究。中華心理學刊,45(3),279-294。
陳順宇(2007)。結構方程模型AMOS 操作。臺北市:心理。
陳寬裕、王正華(2010)。結構方程模型分析實務AMOS的運用。臺北市:五南。
黃建銘(2005)。消費者採用多媒體隨選視訊(MOD)之行為研究:以大臺北地區中華電信之用戶為例(未出版之碩士論文)。國立中央大學,桃園縣。
黃曉蘋(2010)。產品功能、品牌形象、知覺品質及購買意願關係之研究-以臺灣智慧型手機市場為例(未出版之碩士論文)。國立成功大學,臺南市。
楊敦質(2007)。以科技接受模型分析數位有線電視之使用者採用行為(未出版之碩士論文)。國立中山大學,高雄市。
楊銀濤(2009)。智慧型手機發展的趨勢研究(未出版之碩士論文)。國立成功大學,臺南市。
賈中行(2010)。探討網路成癮對消費者購買行為之影響-以沉浸理論為干擾變項(未出版之碩士論文)。私立淡江大學,新北市。
鄒雲飛、鄒雲青、姚應水(2011)。某高校大學生手機使用與手機依賴症的橫斷面調查。皖南醫學院學報,30(1),77-80。
廖婉沂(2008)。青少年手機使用與成癮因素之探討(未出版之碩士論文)。國立嘉義大學,嘉義市。
數位媒體研究群(2011)。行動社群使用現況分析-以Android、iOS系統分群。臺北市:資策會。
鄭瑞娥(2008)。企業員工數位學習系統接受度之研究(未出版之碩士論文)。國立中山大學,高雄市。
蕭銘鈞(1998)。臺灣大學生網路使用行為、使用動機、滿足程度與網路成癮現象之初探(未出版之碩士論文)。國立交通大學,新竹市。
蕭銘雄、鄭曉平(2008),以延伸式科技接受模型探討消費者線上投保人壽保險之意願。電子商務學報,10(1),1-26。
謝宜靜(2006)。影響消費者使用無線家用多媒體娛樂機接受因素之研究(未出版之碩士論文)。交通大學,新竹市。
韓佩凌(2000)。臺灣中學生網路使用者特性、網路使用行為、心理特性對網路沉迷現象之影響(未出版之碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學,臺北市。
顏啟芳(2010)。內在及外在動機對行動英語學習持續使用意願之影響(未出版之博士論文)。國立臺北科技大學,臺北市。
貳、英文部分
Adams, D. A., Nelson, R. R., & Todd, P. A. (1992). Perceived usefulness, ease of use, and utage of information technology: A replication. MIS quarterly, 16, 227-247.
Agostino, D., Paul, R., Neill, O. B. J., & Paivio, A. (1977). Memory for pictures and words as a function of level of processing: Depth or dual coding. Memory & Cognition. 5(2), 252-256.
Ahn, T., Ryu, S., & Han, I. (2007). The impact of Web quality and playfulness on user acceptance of online retailing. Information & Management, 44(3), 263-275.
Ajzen, I. (1985). From intentions to actions: A theory of planned behavior. In J. Kuhl, & J. Beckmann (Eds.), Springer series in social psychology (pp. 11-39). Berlin: Springer.
Ajzen, I. (1988). From intentions to actions: Attitudes, personality, and behavior. Chicago: The Dorsey Press.
Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1980). Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior. NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Allport, G. W. (1937). Personality: A psychological interpretation. NY: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Anderson, E. W., & Sullivan, M. W. (1993). The antecedents and consequences of customer satisfaction for firms. Marketing Science 12, 125-143.
Anderson, E., & Lehmann, D. R. (1994). Customer satisfaction, market share, and profitability: Findings form Sweden. Journal of Marketing, 58, 53-66.
Anderson, N. (1981). Foundations of information integration theory. New York: Academic.
Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the use of structural equation model in experimental designs. Journal of Marketing Research, 26, 271-284.
Bagozzi, R. P., Davis, F. D., & Warshaw, P. R. (1992). Development and a test of a theory of technological learning and usage. Human Relations, 45(7), 659-686.
Barnett, L. A. (1991). Characterizing playfulness: Correlates with individual attributes and personality traits. Play and Culture, 4(4), 371-393.
Barua, A. C., & Whinston, A. B. (1996). Creating a collaboratory in cyberspace: Theoretical foundation and an implementation. Journal of Organizational Computing, 5(4), 417-442.
Beranuy, M., Oberst, U., Carbonell, X., & Chamarro, A. (2009). Problematic internet and mobile phone use and clinical symptoms in college students: The role of emotional intelligence. Computers in Human Behavior, 25(5), 1182-1187.
Bødker, M., Hedman, J., & Gimpel, G. (November, 2009). The user experience of smartphones: A consumption values approach. In proceedings of the Global Mobility Roundtable Conference, Cairo, November 1-3.
Carbonell, X., Guardiola, E., Beranuy, M., & Belles, A. (2009, April). A bibliometric analysis of the scientific literature on lnternet, video games, and cell phone addiction. Journal of the Medical Library Association, 97(2), 102-107.
Chau, P. Y. K. (1996). An empirical assessment of a modified technology acceptance model. Journal of management information systems, 13, 195-204.
Chen, L. D., Gillenson, M. L., & Sherrell, D. L. (2002). Enticing online consumers: An extended technology acceptance perspective. Information & Management, 39, 705-719.
Chen, H. (2006) Flow on the net-detecting Web users' positive affects and their flow states. Computers in Human Behavior, 22(2), 221-233.
Cheng, J. M. S., Sheen, G. J., & Lou, G. C. (2006). Consumer acceptance of the internet as a channel of distribution in Taiwan – A channel function perspective. Technovation, 26, 856-864.
Choi, D., & Kim, J. (2004). Why people continue to play online games: In search of critical design factors to increase customer loyalty to online contents. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 7(1), 11-24.
Chung, D. (2005). Something for nothing: Understanding purchasing behaviors in social virtual environment. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association, New York.
Chung, J., & Tan, F. B. (2004). Antecedents of perceived playfulness: An exploratory study on user acceptance of general information-searching websites. Information & Management, 41(7), 869-881.
Clark, J. M., & Paivio, A. (1991). Dual coding theory and education. Educational Psychology Review, 3(3), 149-210.
Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1975). Beyond boredom and anxiety. CA: Jossey-Bass.
Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1988). Introduction. In M. Csikszentmihalyi, & I. S. Csikszentmihalyi, Optimal experience: psychological studies of flow inconsciousness (pp. 3-14). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1990). Flow, the psychology of optimal experience. NY: Harper & Row.
Curry, L. (1983). An organization of learning styles theory and constructs. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association. Montreal, Canada. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 235185).
Davis, F. D. (1986). A technology acceptance model for empirically testing new end-user information system: Theory and results (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation). MIT Sloan School of Management, Cambridge, MA.
Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS quarterly, 13, 319-340.
Davis, F.D., Bagozzi, R.P., & Warshaw, P.R. (1989). user acceptance of computer technology: A comparison of two theoretical models. management Science, 35(8), 982-1002.
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. New York:Plenum.
Dishaw, M. T., & Strong, D. M. (1998). Supporting software maintenance with software engineering tools. The Journal of Systems and Software, 44(2), 107-120.
Dishaw, M. T., & Strong, D. M. (1999). Extending the Technology acceptance model with task-technology fit constructs. Information & Management, 36, 9-21.
Dishaw, M. T., Strong, D. M., & Bandy, D. B. (2002). Extending the task-technology fit model with self-efficacy constructs. English Americas Conference on Information Systems (pp. 1021-1027), Dallas, TX.
Effken, J. A., & Doyle, A. M. (2001). Interface design and cognitive style in learning an instructional computer simulation. Computers in Nursing, 19(4), 164-171.
Felix B. Tan, & Jacky P. C. Chou. (2008). The relationship between mobile service quality, perceived technology compatibility, and users' perceived playfulness. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 24(7), 649-671.
Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior: An introduction to theory and research. MA: Addison-Wesley.
Gefen, D. (2003). TAM or just plain habit: A look at experienced online shoppers. Journal of End User Computing, 15(3), 1-13.
Griffiths, M. (1998). Internet addiction: Does it really exist? In J. Gackenbach (Ed.), Psychology and the Internet: Intrapersonal, interpersonal, and transpersonalimplications ( pp. 61-75). NY: Academic Press.
Griffths, M. (2000). Does internet and computer “Addiction” exist? Some case study evidence. Cyber Psychology & Behavior, 3(2), 211-218.
Hackbarth, G., V. Grover & Yi, M. Y. (2003) Computer playfulness and anxiety: positive and negative mediators of the system experience effect on perceived ease of use. Information & management, 40(3), pp. 221-232
Hartwick, J., & Barki, H. (1994). Explaining the role of user participation in information system use. Management Science, 40(4), 440-465.
Hatterer, L. J. (1994). Addictive process. Encyclopedia of Psychology. NY: Longman.
Hauser, J. R., Urban, G. L., Liberali, G., & Braun, M. (2009). Website morphing. Marketing Science, 28(2), 202-223.
Heijden, H. (2000). e-TAM: A revision of the technology acceptance model to explain website revisits. Serie Research Memoranda, 29, 124-135.
Hendrickson, A. R., Massy, P. D., & Cronan, T. P. (1993). On the test-retest reliability of perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use scale. MIS quarterly, 7, 227-247.
Hoffman, D. L., & Novak, T. P. (1996). Marketing in hypermedia computer-mediated environments: conceptual foundations. The Journal of Marketing, 60(3), 50-68.
Hogarth, R. M. (1991). A perspective on cognitive research in accounting. The Accounting Review, 66(2), 277-290.
Hong, J. C., Hwang, M. Y., Hsu, H. F., Wong, W. T., & Chen, M. Y. (2011). Applying the technology acceptance model in a study of the factors affecting usage of the Taiwan digital archives system. Computers & Education, 57, 2086-2094.
Hooper, V., & Zhou, Y. (2007). Addictive, dependent, compulsive? A study of mobile phone usage. Merging and emerging technologies. Processes, and Institutions, 4(6), 274-285.
Hsu, C. L., & Lin, C. C. (2008). Acceptance of blog stage: The roles of technology acceptance, social influence and knowledge sharing motivation. Information and Management, 45(1), 65-74.
Hsu, C-L., & Lu, H. (2003). Why do people play on-line games? An extended TAM with social influences and flow experience. Information & Management, 41(7), 853-868.
Igbaria, M., & Iivary, J. (1995). The effects of self-efficacy on computer stage. Omega, 23, 587-605.
Ishfaq, A. T. F. Q., & Khadija, A. P. (2011). Mobile phone to youngsters: Necessity or addiction. African Journal of Business Management, 5(32), 12512-12519.
Ishfaq, A., & Khadija, A. P. (2011). Mobile phone to youngsters: Necessity or addiction African. Journal of Business Management, 5(32), 12512-12519.
Jonassen, D. & Grabowski, B. (1993). Handbook of individual differences, learning and instruction. NJ: Laurence Erlbaum Associates.
Jöreskog, K. G., & Sörbom, D. (1993). LISREL8.14: Structural equation modeling with the SIMPLIS command language. Chicago: Scientific SoftwareInternational.
Keefe, J. W. (1979) Learning style: An overview. NASSP's student learning styles: Diagnosing and proscribing programs (pp. 1-17). Reston, VA. National Association of Secondary School Principles.
Kirby, J. R.. &, Moore. P. J., & Schofield, N. J. (1988). Verbal and visual learning styles. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 13, 169-184.
Legris, P., Ingham, J., & Collerette, C. (2003). Why do people use information technology? A critical review of the technology acceptance model. Information & Management, 40, 191-204.
Li, Y., Qi, J., & Shu, H. (2008). Review of relationships among variables in TAM. Tsinghua Science & Technology, 13(3), 273-278.
Liang, T. P., & Doong, H. S., (2000). Effect of bargaining in electronic Commerce. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 4(3), 23-48.
Lieberman, J. N. (1997). Playfulness: It’s relationship to imagination and creativity. NY: Academic Press.
Lin, C. S., Wu, S., & Tsai, R. J. (2005). Integrating perceived playfulness into expectation-confirmation model for web portal context. Information and Management, 42(5), 683-693.
Lin, J. C. C., & Lu, H. (2000). Towards an understanding of the behavioural intention to use a web site. International Journal of Information Management, 20, 182-197.
Liu, S. H., Liao, H. L., & Pratt, J. A. (2009). Impact of media richness and flow on e-learning technology acceptance. Computers & Education, 52, 599-607.
Luarn, P., & Lin, H. H. (2004). Toward an understanding of the behavioral intention to use mobile banking. Computers in Human Behavior, 21(6), 873-891.
Mathieson, K. (1991). Predicting user intentions: Comparing the Technology acceptance model with the theory of planned behavior. Information systems research, 2, 173-191.
Messick, S. (1984). The nature of cognitive styles: Problems and promise in educational practices. Educational Psychologist, 19(2), 59-74.
Messick, S. (1984). The nature of cognitive styles: problems and promise in educational practice. Educational Psychologist, 19(1), 59-74.
Messick, S. (1986), Herman Wilkin and the meaning of style. In M. Bertini, L. Pizzamiglio & S. Wapner (Eds.), Field dependence in psychological theory, research, and application. NJ: Lawrence Eribaum Associates.
Messick, S. (1994). The matter of style: Manifestations of personality in cognition, learning, and teaching. Educational Psychologist, 29(3), 121-136.
Meuter, M. L., Ostrom, A. L., Bitner, M. J., & Roundtree, R. (2003). The influence of technology anxiety on consumer use and experiences with self-service technologies. Journal of Business Research, 56, 899-906.
Moon, J., & Kim, Y. (2001). Extending the TAM for a world-wide-web context. Information and Management, 38,217-230.
Morris, M. G., & Dillon, A. (1997). How user perceptions influence software use. IEEE Software, 14(4), 58-65.
Norman, D. A. (1988). The design of everything. NY: Currency-Doubleday.
Oliver, E. (2010). The challenges in large-scale smartphone user studies. Paper presented at the proceedings of the 2nd ACM International Workshop on Hot Topics in Planet-scale Measurement, San Francisco, California.
Oliver, R. L., & Bearden, W. O. (1985). Disconfirmation process consumer evaluations in product usage. Journal of Business Research, 13(2), 235-246.
Ong C. S. & Lai J. Y. (2006). Gender differences in perceptions and relationships among dominants of e-learning acceptance. Computers in Human Behavior, 22(5), 816-829.
Ong, C. S., & Lai, J. Y. (2006). Gender differences in perceptions and relationships among dominants of e-learning acceptance. Computers in Human Behavior, 22(5), 816-829.
Paivio, A. (1971). Imagery and verbal processes. NY: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
Paivio, A. (1983). Empirical case for dual coding. In J. Yuille (Ed.), Imagery, Memory and cognition: Essays in honor of Allian Paivio (pp. 307-332). NJ: Erlbaum Associates.
Paivio, A. (1986). Mental representations: A dual coding approach. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
Paivio, A. (1991). Images in mind: The evolution of a theory. NY: Harvester Wheatsheaf.
Paivio, A., & Begg, I. (1981). Psychology of language. NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Park, W. (2005). Mobile phone addictionmobile communications. London: Springer.
Park, W. K. (2005). Mobile phone addiction. In D. Diaper & C. Tanger (Eds.), Mobile communications re-negotiation of the social spherei (pp. 253-272). London: Springer.
Park, B. W., & Lee, K. C. (2011). The effect of users’ characteristics and experiential factors on the compulsive utage of the smart phone. Communications in Computer and Information Science, 151, 438-446.
Pace, S. (2004). A grounded theory of the flow experiences of web users.International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 60, 327-363.
Petri, H. J. (1991). Motivation- theory, research, and applications (3rd Ed.). NY: Wadsworth.
Petty, R. E., & Cacioppo, J. T. (1986). Communication and persuasion: central and peripheral routes to attitude change. NY: Springer-Verlag.
Riding, R. J. (2001). The nature and effects of cognitive style. In R. J. Sternberg & L. Zhang (Eds.), Perspectives on thinking, learning, and ognitive styles (pp. 47–72). NJ: Erlbaum.
Riding, R. J., & Buckle, C. E. (1990). Learning styles and training performance. Sheffield: Training Agency.
Riding, R. J., & Sadler-Smith, E. (1997). Cognitive style and learning strategies: Some implications for training design. International Journal of Training and Development, 1(3), 199-208.
Riding, R. J., Grimley, M., Dahraei, H., & Banner, G. (2003). Cognitive style, working memory and learning behaviour and attainment in school subjects. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 73(2), 149-169.
Riding, R., & Rayner, S. (1998). Cognitive styles and learning strategies: Understanding style differences in learning and behavior. London: David Fulton Publishers.
Riding, R..J., & Cheema, I. (1991). Cognitive styles:An overview and integration. Educational Psychology, 11, 193-215.
Robey, D., & Taggart, W. (1982). Human information processing in information and decision support systems. MIS Quarterly, 6(2), 61-73.
Roca, J. C., & Gagné, M. (2008). Understanding e-learning continuance intention in the workplace: A self-determination theory perspective. Computers in Human Behavior, 24(4), 1585-1604.
Schuyten, G., & Dekeyser, H. M. (2007). Preference for textual information and acting on support devices in multiple representations in a computer based learning environment for statistics. Computers in Human Behavior, 23(5), 2285-2301.
Segars, A. H., & Grover, V. (1993). Re-examining perceived ease of use and usefulness: A confirmatory factor analysis. MIS quarterly, 17, 517-525.
Straub, D., Limayem, D., & Karahanna-Evaristo, E. (1995). Measuring system usage: Implications for IS theory testing. Management Science, 41(8), 1328-1342.
Succi, M. J., & Walter, Z. D. (1999). Theory of user acceptance of information technologies: An examination of health care professionals, systems sciences. Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Hawaii International Conference, 1-6.
Siekpe, J. S. (2005). An examination od the multidimensionality of flow 117 construct in a computer-mediated environment. Journal of Electronic Commerce Research, 6(1), 31-43.
Taylor, S., & Todd, P. A. (1995a). Understanding information technology usage: A test of competing models. Information Systems Research, 6(2), 144-176.
Taylor, S., & Todd, P. A. (1995b). Assessing IT usage: The role of prior experience. MIS Quarterly, 12, 561-570.
Thompson, E. P., Chaiken, S., & Hazlewood, J. D. (1993). Need for cognition and desire for control as moderators of moderators of extrinsic reward effects: A person’s situation approach to the study of instrinsic motivation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 987-998.
Turner, M., Kitchenham, B., Brereton, P., Charters, S., & Budgen, D. (2010). Does the technology acceptance model predict actual use: A systematic literature review. Information and Software Technology, 52(5), 463-479.
Val Hooper, Y. Z. (2007). Addictive, dependent, compulsive? A study of mobile phone usage. Merging and Emerging Technologies, Processes, and Institutions, 4(6), 274-285.
Van der Heijden, H., Verhagen, T., & Creemers, M. (2003). Understanding online purchase intentions: contributions from technology and trust perspectives. European Journal of Information Systems, 12, 41-48.
Van der Veer, G. C. (1990). Human-computer interaction: Learning, individual differences, and design recommendations. Unpublished dissertation. Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Vrije universiteit.
Van der Veer, G. C., & Melguizo, M. C. P. (2003). Mental models. In J. A. Jacko & A. Sears, (Eds.), The human-computer interaction handbook: fundamentals, evolving technologies and emerging applications (pp. 52-80). NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Van der Veer, G. C., Kok, E., & Bajo, T. (1999). Conceptualising mental representations of mechanics: A method to investigate representational change. In D. Ayser & S. Vosniadou (Eds.), Modelling changes in understanding: Case studies in physical reasoning (pp. 44-60). NY: Pergamon.
Venkatesh, V., & Bala, H. (2008). Technology acceptance model 3 and a research agenda on interventions. Decision Sciences, 39(2), 273-315.
Venkatesh, V., & Davis, F. (2000). A theoretical extension of the technology acceptance model: four longitudinal field studies. Management Science, 46(2), 186-204.
Venkatesh, V. (1999). Creation of favorable user perceptions: Exploring the role of intrinsic motivation. MIS quarterly, 23(2), 239-260.
Venkatesh, V., Morris, M., Davis, G., & Davis, F. (2003). User acceptance of information technology: toward a unified view. MIS quarterly, 27(3), 425-478.
Voiskounsky, A. E., Mitina, O. V., & Avetisova, A. A. (2004). Playing online games: Flow experience. Psychology Journal, 2(3), 259-281.
Walsh, S. P., White, K. M., & Young, R. McD. (2010). Needing to connect: The effect of self and others on young people’s involvement with theirmobile phones. Australian Journal of Psychology, 62(4), 194-203.
Webster, J. (1993). The dimensionality and correlates of flow in human-computer interactions. Computers in Human Behavior, 9(4), 411 - 426.
Webster, J., & Martocchio, J. J. (1992). Microcomputer playfulness: Development of a measure with workplace implications. MIS Quarterly, 16(2), 201-226.
Webster, J., Trevino, K. L., & Ryan, L. (1993). The dimensionality and correlates of flow in human-computer interactions. Computers in Human Behavior, 9(4), 411-426.
Wild, G. C., & Benzel, E. C. (1994). Essentials of neurochemistry. London, England: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Inc.
Wixom, B. H., & Todd, P. A. (2005). A theoretical integration of user tatisfaction and technology acceptance. Information Systems Research, 16, 85-102.
Yang, H. J., & Lay, Y.L.. (2011). Factors affecting college student’s mobile phone dependence and anxiety. Proceedings of the World Congress on Engineering and Computer Science 2011 Vol II, San Francisco, USA.
叄、網站部分(中文)
Kyle(2012a)。iPhone 4S拉抬蘋果成為第三大手機大廠。科技產業資訊室。線上檢索日期:2012年5月12日。網址:http://ppt.cc/fb6N
Kyle(2012b)。三星於2012年Q1取代諾基亞成為手機龍頭。科技產業資訊室。線上檢索日期:2012年5月9日。網址:http://ppt.cc/@W!D
MIC(2010)。臺灣網友最想買:智慧型手機/平板電腦。線上檢索日期:2012年4月29日,網址:http://ppt.cc/9onX
MIC(2011)。Smartphone全球總產值2.23兆美元 成長10.4%。線上檢索日期:2012年4月29日。網址:http://ppt.cc/Z-84
中央社(2012)。臺灣手機市場 智慧型市占逾7成。聯合理財網。線上檢索日期:2012年6月13。網址:http://ppt.cc/nCyo
卡優新聞(2011)。六成擁有智慧型產品,上網玩遊戲手機成癮。線上檢索日期:2011年12月04日。網址:http://ppt.cc/sa,B
何宛芳(2011)。iPhone 4S全臺開賣。數位時代。線上檢索日期:2012年6月12日。網址:http://ppt.cc/CEbd
呂奕熹(2011)。孩子是「低頭族」,怎麼辦?親子天下雜誌,29期。線上檢索日期:2012年6月20。網址: http://ppt.cc/-zs8
沈勤譽(2011)。智慧型手機發展3階段。DIGITIMES。線上檢索日期:2012年6月23日。網址:http://ppt.cc/QyU2
林柏齊(2012)。智慧型行動電話產業 發展趨勢之大廠競合觀點。全球液晶通 Display All。線上檢索日期:2011年12月04日。網址:http://ppt.cc/3DvM
林榮泰(2003)。科技始終來自於人性?。線上檢索日期:2012年5月12日。網址:http://ppt.cc/FfZh
金車教育基金會(2011)。手機過度使用,逾9成青少年出現手機焦慮。線上檢索日期:2011年11月28日。網址:http://ppt.cc/wGp;
柯俊銘(2009a)。〈親子會客室〉手機成癮 就是愛哈啦。自由電子報。線上檢索日期:2012年6月20。網址: http://ppt.cc/rv9L
柯俊銘(2009b)。你有…手機成癮症。聯合新聞網。線上檢索日期:2012年5月14日。網址:http://ppt.cc/zY2h
陳春霖(2010)。智慧電視夯 聖誕節需求大爆發。中時電子報。線上檢索日期:2011年12月04日。網址:http://ppt.cc/6YC9
陳揚盛(2006)。手機成癮 無來電7成慌。蘋果日報。線上檢索日期:2012年2月20日。網址:http://ppt.cc/G73o
資策會Find(2012)。臺灣智慧型手機行為:社群、拍照與定位成三大關鍵。聯合新聞網。線上檢索日期:2012年3月15日。網址:http://ppt.cc/K2zI
劉瀅如(2007)。Skinner操作制約理論來探究幼稚園讀經教學。網路社會學通訊期刊,第063期。線上檢索日期:2012年4月28日。網址:http://ppt.cc/9bNS
盧希鵬(2003),知識管理:玩真的還是玩假的?線上檢索日期:2012年6月16日。網址:http://ppt.cc/GFmr
關秉寅(2003)。社會研究方法。線上檢索日期:2012年6月23日。網址:http://ppt.cc/iMae
關秉寅(2009)。社會研究方法。線上檢索日期:2012年2月20日。網址:http://ppt.cc/iMae
肆、網站部分(英文)
AGBeat (2011). 1 in 4 photos and videos now taken with a smartphone. Retrieved April 28, 2012, from: http://ppt.cc/PKTK
AppleInsider (2011). Apple iPhone user loyalty twice that of android. Retrieved April 28, 2012, from: http://ppt.cc/Uqp9
BusinessWeek (2011). Apple beats HTC as nokia customer loyalty has first decline. Retrieved April 28, 2012 from: http://ppt.cc/xVyG
EconomicTimes (2011). Smartphone addicts have now started feeling the pain. Retrieved April 28, 2012, from: http://ppt.cc/_xam
eMarketer (2012). eMarketer: U.S. smartphone penetration will reach 58.5% in 2016. Retrieved April 28, 2012, from: http://ppt.cc/kzR8
IDC (2012). Worldwide smartphone market continues to soar, carrying samsung into the top position in total mobile phone and Smartphone shipments, according to IDC. Retrieved May 13, 2012, from: http://ppt.cc/Im1V
Los Angeles Time (2011). iPhone is top smartphone among mobile workers, report tays. Retrieved April 28, 2012, from: http://ppt.cc/xf48
Reuters (2011). Apple's iPhone tops yahoo's search list, casey anthony follows. Retrieved April 28, 2012, from: http://ppt.cc/4ZSH
TechCrunch (2011). Mary Meeker: smartphones will surpass PC shipments in two years. Retrieved April 28, 2012, from: http://ppt.cc/jr8Z
TeleNav (2011). Survey finds one-third of americans more willing to give up sex than their mobile phones. Retrieved April 28, 2012, from: http://ppt.cc/MdF-