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研究生: 陳香吟
Chen Shiang-Yin
論文名稱: 支鏈胺基酸搭配碳水化合物增補對下坡跑後蛋白質代謝的影響
The Effect of Branched-Chain Amino Acids and Carbonhydrate Supplementation on Protein Metabolism Following Downhill Running
指導教授: 林正常
Lin, Jung-Charng
學位類別: 博士
Doctor
系所名稱: 體育學系
Department of Physical Education
論文出版年: 2012
畢業學年度: 100
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 88
中文關鍵詞: 胰島素皮質醇睪固酮肌酸激酶
英文關鍵詞: insulin, cortisol, testosterone, creatine kinase
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:206下載:9
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  • 目的: 本研究目的在探討下坡跑運動後增補支鏈胺基酸與支鏈胺基酸+碳水化合物對運動後胰島素、睪固酮、皮質醇、尿素氮、肌酸酐與肌酸激酶的影響,並進一步評估對肌肉最大自主等長收縮肌力的影響。方法: 本研究將 24 名受試者 (身高 179.00 ± 7.83 公分; 體重 75.97 ± 10.96 公斤; 年齡 21.88 ± 2.07 歲; 最大攝氧量 53.08 ± 6.74 毫升/公斤/分鐘) 依據最大攝氧量數值,以平衡次序法分成三組: 支鏈胺基酸組 (BCAA 組)、支鏈胺基酸+碳水化合物組 (BCAA+CHO 組) 與安慰劑組 (PLA 組)。在進行 30 分鐘 70% VO2max 之下坡跑運動 (-15%) 前一天 (Pre 24 hr) 以及運動後兩天,受試者需接受膝伸肌群之最大自主等長收縮肌力測量。在各組實驗中,支鏈胺基酸與碳水化合物之攝取量分別為每次每公斤體重 232.50 mg 與 464.00 mg,且均於運動後第 15 分鐘與運動後第 24 小時 (測驗採血後) 進行增補。採血點: 運動前立即、運動後立即、運動後第 45、60 分鐘、24 與 48 小時 (Pre、Post 0、Post 45 min、Post 60 min、Post 24 hr 與 Post 48 hr)。結果: 在運動後第 24 小時,各組之最大自主等長收縮肌力皆顯著下降 (21-22%); 在運動後第 48 小時,BCAA 組之最大自主等長收縮肌力顯著高於 BCAA+CHO 與安慰劑組數值 (p< .05); 在運動後第 45 分鐘,BCAA 組之睪固酮/皮質醇比值顯著高於 BCAA+CHO 與安慰劑組; 在運動後第 45 分鐘, BCAA+CHO 組之胰島素濃度顯著高於 BCAA 與安慰劑組數值,但是其睪固酮/皮質醇比值卻顯著下降並且低於其他兩組; 比較運動後第 48 與 24 小時之 CK 差值 (ΔCK (Post 48 hr-Post 24 hr)),BCAA+CHO 組之降低幅度 (-36%) 顯著低於安慰劑組 (-13%) 並且與 BAAA 組 (-30%) 相似。結論: 30 分鐘 70% VO2max 之下坡跑運動誘發肌肉損傷後增補支鏈胺基酸可顯著提升運動後第 45 分鐘之睪固酮/皮質醇比值,更進一步顯著提升運動後第 48 小時之最大自主等長收縮肌力; 額外增補碳水化合物反而使睪固酮/皮質醇比值下降,對肌力產生些許恢復作用; 增補支鏈胺基酸+碳水化合物可使受試者之 ΔCK (Post 48 hr-Post 24 hr) 顯著低於安慰劑組,有利於降低升高的 CK 數值。

    Purpose: This study was designed to examine insulin, testosterone, cortisol, urea nitrogen, creatinine, creatine kinase and maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), following downhill running, with ingestion of either branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) alone or a BCAA-CHO mixture. Methods: According to VO2max, twenty four subjects (height 179.00 ± 7.83 cm; weight 75.97 ± 10.96 kg; age 21.88 ± 2.07 years; VO2max 53.08 ± 6.74 ml/kg/min) were voluntary to participate in this study and randomly assigned to three groups: BCAA (232.50 mg.kg-1.day-1, n=8), BCAA+CHO (232.50 mg.kg-1.day-1 BCAA plus 464.00 mg.kg-1.day-1 CHO, n=8), and PLA (232.50 mg.kg-1.day-1 placebo, n=8). Doses were provided 15 min and 24 hr post exercise. Before (Pre 24 hr) and after a 30-min downhill running (-15%) at 70% VO2max, MVIC for knee extensors were measured. Blood was sampled immediately prior exercise (Pre) and 0, 45, 60 min, 24, 48 hr after exercise (Post 0, Post 45 min, Post 60 min, Post 24 hr and Post 48 hr) to determinate the indices of muscle protein metabolism and muscle damage. Results: At Post 24 hr, MVIC was significantly reduced by 21-22% relative to baseline for all experimental groups. At Post 48 hr, the BCAA group’s MVIC was significantly higher than that of the other two groups (p< .05). At Post 45 min, the BCAA group experienced a significant increase in testosterone/cortisol ratio compared to the other two groups. At Post 45 min, the BCAA+CHO group experienced a significant increase in insulin compared to that of the BCAA and PLA groups, but it’s testosterone/cortisol ratio was lower than the PLA group’s value. The BCAA+CHO group’s ΔCK (Post 48 hr-Post 24 hr) value was significantly lower than that of the PLA group (-36% vs -13%), but was similar to that of the BCAA group (-30%). Conclusion: After a 30-min downhill running (-15%) at 70% VO2max, these results indicate that BCAA supplementation could significantly increase testosterone/cortisol ratio at Post 45 min and accelerated recovery of subjects’ MVIC at Post 48 hr. Supplementation of BCAA+CHO had no effects on testosterone/cortisol ratio and MVIC. Co-ingestion of BCAA and CHO could significantly decrease subjects’ ΔCK (Post 48 hr-Post 24 hr) value lower than that of the PLA group.

    中文摘要……………………………………………..i 英文摘要…………………………………………….ii 謝 誌…………………………..…………………...iii 目 次……………………………..………………...iv 表 次……………………………….………………vi 圖 次………..………………………...…..………..vii 第壹章 緒論…...…………………………..…1 第一節 問題背景...…………...……………….…1 第二節 研究目的…...…….….…………….….…3 第三節 研究假設…………...…………………....3 第四節 名詞操作性定義………...………………3 第五節 研究範圍與限制…...…………....……....5 第六節 研究的重要性…...……………..…..…....6 第貳章 文獻探討…...…………………..……7 第一節 關於支鏈胺基酸…...…...…………….…7 第二節 蛋白質合成環境………………..…….…9 第三節 蛋白質合成環境之相關研究...……...…12 第四節 文獻總結…...…………………………...19 第叁章 研究方法與步驟…...…………..……21 第一節 受試者…...……………………….………21 第二節 實驗時間………………..…………..……21 第三節 實驗地點…………………...……….……21 第四節 實驗方法與步驟…...…………..…..….…22 第五節 採血及血液分析…...……………….……27 第六節 資料處理….....……………………………29 第肆章 結果…………...………………………30 第一節 受試者基本資料……...……………...……30 第二節 最大自主等長收縮肌力…..………………30 第三節 胰島素………………………………..……34 第四節 睪固酮與皮質醇………….…...………..…36 第五節 尿素氮與肌酸酐…...………………………39 第六節 肌酸激酶…………...………………....……43 第伍章 討論…………………………….………47 第一節 胰島素……………………………..…..……47 第二節 睪固酮與皮質醇………..…………….……48 第三節 尿素氮與肌酸酐…...………………….……53 第四節 增補對肌力與睪固酮/皮質醇比值的影響...54 第五節 增補對肌酸激酶的影響……………………57 第六節 結論與建議…………………...….…………58 參考文獻………………………………………….60 附錄…….………………………………………….71 附錄一 身體活動問卷調查表………………….……. ………….………….71 附錄二 受試者須知及同意書………………………………………………..72 附錄三 人體試驗暨研究倫理委員會審核通過證明函………………......74 附錄四 不同組別與不同時間點之 MVIC% 變異數分析摘要表…………..75 附錄五 不同組別與不同時間點之 MVIC% 單純主要效果分析摘要表…..75 附錄六 不同組別之 ΔMVIC% 之單因子變異數分析摘要表………......76 附錄七 不同組別與不同時間點之酸痛指數變異數分析摘要表…………..77 附錄八 不同組別與不同時間點之胰島素濃度變異數分析摘要表……......78 附錄九 不同組別與不同時間點之胰島素濃度單純主要效果分析摘要表..78 附錄十 不同組別與不同時間點之睪固酮濃度變異數分析摘要表……..…79 附錄十一 不同組別與不同時間點之睪固酮濃度 單純主要效果分析摘要表…...........................79 附錄十二 不同組別與不同時間點之皮質醇濃度變異數分析摘要表………….80 附錄十三 不同組別與不同時間點之睪固酮/皮質醇 變異數分析摘要表…….............................….81 附錄十四 不同組別與不同時間點之睪固酮/皮質醇 單純主要效果分析摘要表..............................81 附錄十五 不同組別與不同時間點之尿素氮濃度之 變異數分析摘要表….........................………….82 附錄十六 不同組別與不同時間點之肌酸酐濃度 變異數分析摘要表……………….82 附錄十七 不同組別與不同時間點之尿素氮/肌酸酐比值 變異數分析摘要表...........................82 附錄十八 不同組別與不同時間點之 CK 數值 變異數分析摘要表………………...83 附錄十九 不同組別與不同時間點之 CK% 變異數分析摘要表…............................83 附錄二十 不同組別之 ΔCK% (Post 48 hr-Post 24 hr) 單因子變異數分析摘要表..........................83 附錄二十一 支鏈胺基酸等相關增補方式對 蛋白質合成環境與肌肉損傷影響的文獻整理表…….....…84 表 次 表1 依變項測量時間表………………………………………….……….……24 表2 受試者基本資料表….………………………………….………..……30 表3 各組下坡跑前、後最大自主等長肌力表.…….…………..….……….31 表4 各組下坡跑前、後 MVIC% 數值表…………………………….………..32 表5 各組之 ΔMVIC% 數值表……………...…………..………….…………33 表6 各組下坡跑前、後肌肉酸痛指數數值表………………....………..34 表7 各組下坡跑前、後胰島素濃度數值表….……………………………..…35 表8 各組下坡跑前、後睪固酮濃度表………...……………….…………36 表9 各組下坡跑前、後皮質醇濃度數值表…..…………….………….38 表10 各組下坡跑前、後睪固酮/皮質醇比值表……………….……….…39 表11 各組下坡跑前、後尿素氮濃度表………...………………….…………40 表12 各組下坡跑前、後肌酸酐濃度表………………….………….…………41 表13 各組下坡跑前、後尿素氮/肌酸酐比值表………………….……….…42 表14 各組下坡跑前、後 CK 數值表…………………….……….………….44 表15 各組下坡跑前、後 CK% 數值表.…………………………….…….…44 表16 各組之 ΔCK% 數值表.……………………………….……….……...46 圖 次 圖1 支鏈胺基酸化學結構圖..........……………..………..………..7 圖2 營養物質與運動調控 mTOR 機制.......…………….….………....8 圖3 研究流程圖...………………………………………....……………...23 圖4 下坡跑實驗流程圖...………………………………………………..24 圖5 下坡跑設備圖..........…………………………………..………..26 圖6 下坡跑施測圖.......……………….….……………………………….26 圖7 最大自主等長收縮肌力施測圖.…………………....………..…..….26 圖8 運動前、後 MVIC 數值變化圖.………..…………………….………31 圖9 運動前、後 MVIC% 數值變化圖……..…….………....…………….32 圖10 △MVIC% 數值圖……..…………………………….…………………33 圖11 運動前、後肌肉酸痛指數變化圖...…………………………...………34 圖12 運動前、後胰島素濃度變化圖………………..……………………..35 圖13 運動前、後睪固酮濃度變化圖…………………….……………..…….37 圖14 運動前、後皮質醇濃度變化圖……………………….………….………38 圖15 運動前、後睪固酮/皮質醇比值變化圖……………....…………….39 圖16 運動前、後尿素氮濃度變化圖…………………….…………………40 圖17 運動前、後肌酸酐濃度變化圖………………………………..………41 圖18 運動前、後尿素氮/肌酸酐比值變化圖........…………….………42 圖19 運動前、後 CK 濃度變化圖………………………....…………….45 圖20 運動前、後 CK% 濃度變化圖……………………….…………………45 圖21 運動前、後 △CK% (Post 48 hr-Post 24 hr) 數值圖………….46

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