國立臺灣師範大學博碩士論文全文系統

簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

回結果列表

研究生：	廖慧萍 Hui-Ping Liao
論文名稱：	Factors Related to Managerial Competence - A Study Based on Managerial Assessment of Proficiency (MAP)
指導教授：	張媁雯 Chang, Wei-Wen
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	國際人力資源發展研究所 Graduate Institute of International Human Resource Developmemt
論文出版年：	2009
畢業學年度：	97
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	89
中文關鍵詞：	管理才能、管理才能評鑑工具、驗證性因素分析
英文關鍵詞：	Managerial Competence, Managerial Assessment of Proficiency (MAP), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA)
論文種類：	學術論文
相關次數：	點閱：222 下載：0
分享至:	分享至facebook 分享至twitter

查詢本校圖書館目錄查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統勘誤回報

In this competitive and variable business environment, managers have to build up some critical abilities to establish their own competitive advantages. Since numerous perspectives take managerial competence as a critical factor in organizational development, it becomes an important issue to assess and train the abilities. Managerial Assessment of Proficiency (MAP), one of the most prominent competence assessment tools, is used by over 100 thousand people in the world. The high rate of implementation in the business environment is the motivation to take the method as research model.
Accordingly, this research served for several purposes. First was to understand measures for managerial competence in the literature. Second was to examine the reliability and validity of MAP. Thirdly, some demographic and contextual factors may relate to managerial competence. Based on the database of MAP, the researcher identified the relationship of these variables.
This study utilized the quantitative method to investigate the above questions. To realize the reliability, this research analyzed Cronbach’s alpha of MAP which was equal to .733. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was for examining the validity of MAP. Because the result showed some items of the t values of administrative and cognitive ability were smaller than 1.96, this study merely adopted communication and supervisory ability to examine the relationship between managerial competence, demographic and contextual factors. The outcome indicated only gender and educational level had significantly relationship. Finally, conclusions and recommendations were provided based on research findings.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT    I
TABLE OF CONTENTS    III
LIST OF FIGURES    V
LIST OF TABLES    VI
CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION    1
Background of the Study    1
Purposes of the Study    3
Questions of the Study    3
Significance of the Study    4
Definition of Terms    5
CHAPTER II. LITERATURE REVIEW    7
Managerial Competence    7
Measures for Managerial Competence    18
Influences on Managerial Competencies    27
CHAPTER III. METHODOLOGY    31
Research Methods    31
Research Procedure    31
Instrument    32
Research Participants    36
Research Framework    36
Hypotheses    38
Data Collection and Analysis    40
CHAPTER IV. FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS    45
Demographic and Descriptive Statistics    45
Reliability of the Managerial Assessment of Proficiency (MAP)    52
Validity of the Managerial Assessment of Proficiency (MAP)    53
Hierarchical Regression Analysis of Communication and Supervisory Abilities among Demographic and Contextual Factors    63
Discussions    66
CHAPTER V. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS    69
Conclusions    69
Recommendations    72
Recommendations for Further Research    73
Limitations of the Study    74
REFERENCES    75
APPENDIX    83

LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1 Definitions of Managerial Competence    9
Table 2.2 32 Managerial Competencies of MCA    20
Table 2.3 Competency Studies of MAP    22
Table 3.1 Correlations Obtained During Field Tests of MAP    33
Table 3.2 Variables Coding System    41
Table 4.1 The Profile of the Respondents (N=327)    47
Table 4.2 Scale Score Means and Standard Deviations of the Sample    48
Table 4.3 Scale Score Means and Standard Deviations by Gender    49
Table 4.4 Scale Score Means and Standard Deviations by Education    49
Table 4.5 Scale Score Means and Standard Deviations by Managerial Positions    50
Table 4.6 Scale Score Means and Standard Deviations by Self-Efficacy    50
Table 4.7 Scale Score Means and Standard Deviations by Learning Opportunity    51
Table 4.8 Internal Consistency of the Scales of MAP    52
Table 4.9 Standard of Cronbach’s α    52
Table 4.10 Fit Indices for the First –Order CFA Model    55
Table 4.11 Completely Standardized Loadings, Standard Errors, and t Values    56
Table 4.12 Discrimination Validity    58
Table 4.13 Fit Indices for the Model    60
Table 4.14 Completely Standardized Loadings, Standard Errors, and t Values of 12 Indicators     61
Table 4.15 Completely Standardized Loadings, Standard Errors, and t Values of the Four Factors     61
Table 4.16 Hierarchical Regression Analysis for Communication Ability    64
Table 4.17 Hierarchical Regression Analysis for Supervisory Ability    65
Table 4.18 Summary of Research Hypotheses    67


LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2.1 Iceberg Model    11
Figure 2.2 Four Clusters of Managerial Competencies    13
Figure 2.3 Four Clusters of Managerial Competencies    17
Figure 2.4 Matrix of DISC    21
Figure 2.5 The 12 Competencies    23
Figure 2.6 Sample of Individual MAP Profile of Results    25
Figure 3.1 Research Procedure    32
Figure 3.2 Stage I of the Study    37
Figure 3.3 Stage II of the Study    38
Figure 4.1. The First-Order CFA Model    54
Figure 4.2. The Completely Standardized Solutions of Factor Loadings, Factor Correlations, and Residuals (the First-Order CFA Model)    57
Figure 4.3 the Second-Order CFA Model    59
Figure 4.4 The Completely Standardized Solutions of Factor Loadings, Factor Correlations, and Residuals (the Second-Order CFA Model)    62
                                

REFERENCES
Arthey, T. R., & Orth, M. S. (1999). Emerging competence methods for the future. Human Resource Management, 38(3), 215-226.

Atwater, L., & Waldman, D. (1998). 360 degree feedback and leadership development. Leadership Quarterly, 9(4), 423-426.

Bandura, A. (1978). Reflections on self-efficacy. Advances in Behavioral Research and Therapy, 1(4), 237-269.

Bandura, A. (1982). Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency. American Psychologist, 37(2), 122-147.

Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action. Englewood Cliffs. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.

Bandura, A., & Schunk, D. H. (1981). Cultivating competence, self-efficacy, and intrinsic interest through proximal self-motivation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 41(3), 586-598.

Blau, P. M. (1977). Inequality and heterogeneity. New York: Free Press.

Boyatzis, R. E. (1982). The competent manager: A model for effective performance. New York: John-Woley & Sons.

Boyatzis, R. E. (1992). Building on competence: the effective use of managerial talent. In
G. Salamon (Ed.), Human Resource Strategies (pp. 260-272). London: Sage.

Bracken, D. W., Timmreck, C. W., Fleenor, J. W., & Summers, L. (2001). 360 feedback from another angle. Human Resource Management, 40(1), 3-20

Brett, J. (2006). 360 Degree feedback to leaders. Group and Organization Management, 31, 578-600.

Burgoyne, J. (1989). Creating the managerial portfolio: building on competence approaches to management development. Management Development and Education Journal, 20(1), 56-61.

Byham, W. C. (1970). Assessment centers for spotting future managers. Harvard Business Review, 48(4), 150-168.

Carner, I. I., & Pomerenke, P. J. (1998). Assessing competency in business writing. Business Communication Quarterly, 64, 83-91.

Cattell, R. B. (1950). Personality: A systematic theoretical and factual study. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Chisholm, M. E. (1976). Medical personnel in education: A competency approach. Englewood cliffs, N J: Prentice-Hall.

Collin, A. (1989). Manager’s competence, rhetoric, reality and research. Personal Review, 18(6), 20-5.

Dalton, B. J.(1997). Are competency model a waste. Training & Development, 51(10), 46-49.

David, A. F. (2005). Statistical models: Theory and practice. Cambridge University Press, 47(4), 530-531.

Eden, D. (1990). Pygmalion in management: Productivity as a self fulfilling prophecy. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Edith, P. (1995). The theory of the growth of the firm. Retrieved December 8, 2008, from http://extendeddisc.com/.

Fiske, D. W. (1949). Consistency of the factorial structures of personality ratings from different sources. Journal of Abnormal Social Psychology, 44, 329-344.

Furnham, A. (1998). Congruence in job-performance ratings: A study of 360 degree feedback examining self, manager, peers, and consultant ratings. Human Relations, 51, 517-530.

Gist, M. E. (1989). The influence of training method on self-efficacy and idea generation among managers. Personnel Psychology, 42 (4), 787-805.

Gist, M. E., & Mitchell, T. R. (1992). Self-efficacy: A theoretical analysis of its determinants and malleability. Academy of Management Review, 17 (2), 183-211.

Gist, M. E., Schwoerer, C., & Rosen, B. (1989). Effects of alternative training methods on self-efficacy and performance in computer software training. Journal of Applied Psychology, 74(6), 884-891.

Goleman, D. (1998). What makes a leader? Harvard Business Review, 76(6), 93-102.

Grand Pacific Management International Corp. (1998). 12 competence model. Retrieved November 13, 2008, from http://www.map-excel.com.tw/.

Gonczi, A., Hager, P., & Oliver, L. (1990). Establishing competency-based standards in the professions. NOOSR Research. AGPS: Canberra.

Gonczi, A. (1993). Competence and competencies: A global perspective. The first National
Conference on Competencies in Nursing. Adelaide: Australian Nursing Federation (SA Branch)

Grau, R., Agut, S., Llorens, S., & Martinez, L. M. (2002). Managerial training needs: A study of Spanish tourism organizations. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 3(3), 234-44.

Guthrie, J. P., & Schwoerer, C. E. (1994). Individual and contextual influences on self-assessed training needs. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 15, 405-22.

Guilford, J. P. (1954). Psychometric methods. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Harry, M. (2007). Pass it on: The entrepreneur's succession playbook. Retrieved October 9, 2008, from http://www.readpassiton.com.

Heywood, L., Gonezi, A., & Hager, P. (1992). A guide to development of competency standards for professions. NOOSR Research. AGPS: Canberra.

Hicks, H. G., & Gullett, C. R. (1975). Organizations: Theory and behavior. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company.

Hyde, S. (1996). Adopting a competent approach. Briefing Plus, 5, 4-5.

Henderson, I. S. (2005). Managerial competencies: three dimensions to managerial effectiveness? Edinburgh Business School MBA Alumni Club. Retrieved November 22, 2008, from http://www.ebsglobal.net/alumni/alumni-welcome/.

Ji-Sook, H. (2005). The relationship between salesperson competencies and performance in the Korean pharmaceutical industry. Management Revue, 16(2), 259-271

Kakabadse, A., Kakabadse, N., & Myers, A. (1998). Demographics and leadership philosophy: exploring gender difference. Journal of Management Development, 17(5), 351-88.

Katz, R. L. (1955). Skills of an effective administrator. Harvard Business Review,
33(1), 33-42.

Klemp, G.O. (1980). The assessment of occupational competence. Washington, DC: National Institute of Education.

Knowles, M. S. (1970). The modern practice of adult education: Andragogy vs. pedagogy. New York: Association Press.

Kotsiantis, S. & Pintelas, P. (2005). Selective averaging of regression models. Annals of Mathematics, Computing & TeleInformatics, 1(3), 66-75.

Likert, R. (1932). A technique for the measurement of attitudes. Archives of Psychology, 140, 1–55.

Locke, E. A. (1991). The motivation sequence, the motivation hub, and the motivation core. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 288-299.

Manager Today. (2008). 2008 managers’ core competencies investigate. Manager Today. Retrieved May 18, 2009, from http://www.managertoday.com.tw/?func=view&id=1262&mod=locality.

Martin, G., & Staines, H. (1994). Managerial competences in small firms. Journal of Management Development, 13(7), 23-34.

McClelland, D. C. (1973). Testing for competence rather than for intelligence. American Psychologist, 28, 1-14.

McLagan, P. A. (1989). Human resources development for the 90's: A video on the ASTD models for practice. American Society for Training and Development. Alexandria, VA: ASTD.

Merton, R. K. (1968). Social theory and social structure. New York: Free Press.

Michael E. P. (1985). Competitive advantage. New York: Free Press.

Michael S. (1991). Evaluation thesaurus (4th ed.). New York: Free Press.

Mirable, R. (1997). Everything you wanted to know about competence modeling. Training and Development, 8, 73-77.
Nahavandi, A. (2000). The art and science of leadership (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Noel, M. T. (1997). The leadership engine: How winning companies build leaders at every level. Human Resource Development Quarterly. New York: Harper Business.

Parry, S. B. (1980). Training for results. American Society for Training & Development. New York: ASTD.

Parry, S. B. (1998). Just What is a competency? And why should you Care? Training House, 35(6), 58-64.

Parry, S. B. (2000). Training: The quest for competence. Grand Pacific Management International Corp. Taipei: GPM.

Pernick, R. (2001). Creating a leadership development program: Nine essential tasks. Public Personnel Management, 30(4), 429-444.

Pfeffer, J. (1983). Organizational demography in cumming. In L. L. Curis & B. M. Staw (Eds.), Research in Organizational Behavior. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.

Reagan, P. M. (1994). Transform organizations using competence development. Journal of Compensation and Benefits, 95(5), 25-34.

Realin, J. A., & Cooledge, A. S. (1995). From generic to organic competencies. Human Resource Planning, 18(3), 24-33.

Robert, G., & Robin, G. (2008). Can you measure leadership? MIT Sloan Management Review, 50(1), 65.

Sandberg, S. (2000). Understanding human competence at work: An interpretative approach. Academy of Management Journal, 43, 9-25.

Schunk, D. H. (1981). Modeling and attributional effects on children’s achievement: A self-efficacy analysis. Journal of Educational Psychology, 73(1), 93-105.

Sparrow, P. (1996). Competence based pay: Too good to be true. People Management, 5, 22-25.

Shippmann, J. S., Ash, R. A., Battista, M., Carr, L., Eyde, L. D., Hesketh, B., Kehoe, J., Pearlman, K., Prien, E. P., & Sanchez, J. I. (2000). The practice of competence modeling. Personnel Psychology, 53, 703-740

John S. (2008). It’s Sself-efficacy. The information week. Retrieved November 14, 2008, from http://www.informationweek.com/blog/main/archives/2008/01/its_selffulfill.html.

Spencer, L., & Spencer, M. (1993). Competence at work: Models for superior performance. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Steven E. A., Lanny A. K., Kenneth S., & Manuel A. M. (2001). Managerial competencies and the managerial performance appraisal process. The Journal of Management Development, 7, 842.

The Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development. (2004, June 7). Recruitment, retention and turnover. Retrieved December 18, 2008, from http://www.cipd.co.uk/subjects/recruitmen/general/_recruitretnt04.htm.

Thurstone, L. L. (1934). The vectors of the mind. Address of the president before the American Psychological Association, Chicago meeting. Psychological Review, 41, 1-32.

Tornow, W. W. (1993). Editor’s note: Introduction to special issue on 360-degree feedback. Human Resource Management, 32(21), 211-219.

UniPros International Business Consultancy. (2008). Managerial competence assessment. Retrieved November 11, 2008, from http://www.uni-pros.com/2008.

Weinberg, R. S., Gould, D., & Jackson, A. (1979). Expectations and performance: An empirical test of Bandura’s self-efficacy theory. Journal of Sport Psychology, 1 (4), 320-331.

Whiddett, S., & Hollyforde, S. (2003). A practical guide to competencies. London: CIPD.

William, C. B., Audrey, M. S., & Matthew J. P. (2002). Grow your own leaders: How to identify, develop and retain leadership talent. New Jersey: FT Press.

William, M. K. (2006). Research methods knowledgebase. Retrieved November 7, 2008, from http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/kb/statdesc.php.

William, M. M. (1999). Emotions of normal people. London: Taylor & Francis Ltd.

William, M. M., & Elizabeth H. M. (1931). Integrative psychology: A study of unit response. New York: Free Press.

Woodruffe, C. (1992). What is meant by competency? In R.Boam & P. Sparrow (Eds.). Designing and achieving competency. New York: McGraw-Hill.

本全文未授權公開

簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

相關論文