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研究生: 陳俐蓉
Li-Jung Chen
論文名稱: 台南縣某高中學生蔬果攝取行為
Fruit and Vegetable Intake Behavior and Correlated Factors: A study of students of a senior high school in Tainan County
指導教授: 呂昌明
Lu, Chang-Ming
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 健康促進與衛生教育學系
Department of Health Promotion and Health Education
論文出版年: 2009
畢業學年度: 97
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 123
中文關鍵詞: 蔬果攝取行為自我效能
英文關鍵詞: fruit and vegetable intake behavior, self-efficacy
論文種類: 學術論文
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  • 本研究目的在了解高中學生蔬果攝取行為現況,並探討個人背景因素、社會心理因素、社會環境因素與蔬果攝取行為之間的關係。以台南縣ㄧ所高中學生為研究對象,於民國98年4月進行正式問卷調查,共得有效樣本328人,其研究發現歸納如下:
    ㄧ、近五成的研究對象有每天攝取三份蔬菜,近三成的研究對象有每天攝取
    二份的水果。
    二、研究對象的自覺健康狀況愈好,其蔬果攝取行為愈佳。
    三、研究對象之蔬果的喜好、蔬果攝取自我效能、蔬果攝取結果期望、蔬果攝取社會支持、蔬果可獲性、蔬果可近性及蔬果攝取角色模範皆與蔬果攝取行為間呈現正相關;蔬果攝取知覺障礙與蔬果攝取行為間呈現負相關。
    四、自覺健康狀況、蔬果的喜好、蔬果攝取自我效能、蔬果攝取結果期望、蔬果攝取知覺障礙、蔬果攝取社會支持、蔬果可獲性、蔬果可近性及蔬果攝取角色模範等變項,共可解釋研究對象之蔬果攝取行為46.5%的變異量(Adj R=0.465,F=23.596,p<.001)。其中以蔬果攝取自我效能對蔬果攝取行為的影響力最大。
    上述研究結果可作為教育當局發展相關介入之參考。

    The purpose of this study is to investigate the current fruit and vegetable intake behavior of senior high school students, and to inquire personal background factors, social psychology factors and social environment factors in relationship with fruit and vegetable intake behavior. The subjects are student of a senior high school in Tainan County. In Apr 2009, The instrument of this study is a questionnaire, and the valid samples are 328. The findings are as follows:
    1. About 50% of subjects consume 3 portions of vegetable a day. About 30% of subjects consume 2 portions of fruit a day.
    2. Subjects who perceive their health status to be better are more likely to eat fruit and vegetable.
    3. Fruit and vegetable intake behavior was positively correlated with Preferences, Self-efficacy, Outcome expectancy, Social support, Availability, Accessibility and Role modeling, then negatively correlated with Perceived barriers.
    4. Variables, including the perceived health status, the preference of fruit and vegetable, the self-efficacy, the outcome expectancy, the perceived barriers, the social support, the availability, accessibility and role modeling, can totally explain 46.5%of the variation of subjects’ fruit and vegetable intake behavior.(Adj R=0.465,F=23.596,p<.001)Among those variables, the self-efficacy is the most influential factor.

    Implication for use of the findings by educator in developing relevant interventions are discussed.

    目 次 中文摘要…………………………………………………………I 英文摘要…………………………………………………………II 致謝………………………………………………………………III 目次………………………………………………………………IV 圖表目次…………………………………………………………VI 第一章 緒論……………………………………………………1 第一節 研究動機及重要性………………………………………1 第二節 研究目的…………………………………………………3 第三節 研究問題…………………………………………………4 第四節 研究假設…………………………………………………4 第五節 名詞界定…………………………………………………5 第六節 研究限制…………………………………………………6 第二章 文獻探討…………………………………………………7 第一節 蔬果攝取現況……………………………………………7 第二節 個人背景因素與蔬果攝取行為間的關係……………9 第三節 社會心理因素與蔬果攝取行為間的關係………………14 第四節 社會環境因素與蔬果攝取行為間的關係………………9 第三章 研究方法…………………………………………………23 第一節 研究架構…………………………………………………23 第二節 研究對象…………………………………………………24 第三節 研究工具…………………………………………………25 第四節 研究步驟…………………………………………………35 第五節 資料處理與分析…………………………………………36 V 第四章 研究結果與討論………………………………………..41 第一節 研究對象之描述性統計………………………………41 第二節 研究對象的社會心理因素、社會環境因素和蔬果攝取行為之現況43 第三節 個人背景因素與社會心理因素、社會環境因素及蔬果攝取行為之間 的關係………………………………………………………………61 第四節 社會心理因素、社會環境因素與蔬果攝取行為之間的關係……76 第五節 研究對象之個人背景因素、社會心理因素及社會環境因素對蔬果攝 取行為的預測力……………………….........................83 第五章 結論與建議………………………………………………......87 第一節 結論……………..........................................87 第二節 建議………………………………………………………………89 參考文獻………………………………………………………….......91 附錄一 台南縣某高中學生蔬果攝取行為開放式引導問卷…………….99 附錄二 問卷效度考驗專家名單………………………………………….100 附錄三 台南縣某高中學生蔬果攝取行為調查問卷初稿【專家效度考驗用】…………………........................................101 附錄四 台南縣某高中學生蔬果攝取行為調查問卷【預試用】......110 附錄五 台南縣某高中學生蔬果攝取行為調查問卷【正式問卷】....117 圖表目次 圖3-1 研究架構… ……………………………………............................23 表3-1預試問卷信度係數分析表..................................................29 表3-2 教育程級與職業等級..................................................33 表 3-3 社經地位換算表...................................................33 表3-4 正式問卷信度係數分析表..................................................34 表3-5 研究變項操作型定義及計分方法...................................................38 表3-5 研究變項操作型定義及計分方法(續)..............................................39 表3-6 研究目的、研究問題與統計方法...................................................40 表4-1 研究對象個人背景因素分佈情形...................................................43 表4-2蔬果的喜好各題得分分佈情形..................................................44 表4-3蔬果攝取自我效能各題得分分佈情形..................................................46 表4-4蔬果攝取結果可能性各題得分分佈情形.................................................48 表4-5蔬果攝取結果重要性各題得分分佈情形.................................................50 表4-6 蔬果攝取結果期望分佈情形(Σ結果可能性×結果重要性)..............51 表4-7蔬果攝取知覺障礙各題得分分佈情形.....................................................52 表4-8蔬果攝取社會支持各題得分分佈情形-【父母親】...........54 表4-9蔬果攝取社會支持各題得分分佈情形-【其他家人】.........55 表4-10蔬果攝取社會支持各題得分分佈情形-【同學及朋友】......56 表4-11蔬果攝取可獲性各題得分分佈情形.....................57 表4-12蔬果攝取可近性各題得分分佈情形....................................................58 表4-13蔬果攝取角色模範各題得分分佈情形....................59 表4-14蔬果攝取行為各題得分分佈情形....................................................60 表4-15 個人背景因素與蔬果的喜好之變異數分析..............62 表4-16 個人背景因素與蔬果攝取自我效能之變異數分析..........64 表4-17 個人背景因素與蔬果攝取結果期望之變異數分析..........65 VI VII 表4-18 個人背景因素與蔬果攝取知覺障礙之變異數分析.........66 表4-19 個人背景因素與蔬果攝取社會支持(父母親)之變異數分析.67 表4-20 個人背景因素與蔬果攝取社會支持(其他家人)之變異數分析.....69 表4-21 個人背景因素與蔬果攝取社會支持(同學及朋友)之變異數分析70 表4-22 個人背景因素與蔬果可獲性之變異數分析.................71 表4-23 個人背景因素與蔬果可近性之變異數分析.................73 表4-24 個人背景因素與蔬果攝取角色模範之變異數分析...........74 表4-25 個人背景因素與蔬果攝取行為之變異數分析..............76 表4-26 社會心理因素與蔬果攝取行為間的皮爾森積差相關矩陣表....80 表4-27 社會環境因素與蔬果攝取行為間的皮爾森積差相關矩陣表....82 表4-28自覺健康狀況之虛擬變項轉化表................................................... 83 表4-29 各變項間共線性診斷....................................................84 表4-30 自覺健康狀況、社會心理因素、社會環境因素對蔬果攝取行為之 複迴歸分析摘要表........................................86

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