研究生: |
郭安妮 Kuo, An-Ni |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
PISA全球素養之研究─以《國語日報》國際版為例 An Analysis related the International News of Mandarin Daily News: PISA 2018 Global Competence as the Analytical Framework |
指導教授: |
劉立行
Liu, Li-Hsing |
口試委員: |
劉立行
Liu, Li-Hsing 洪雅玲 Hung, Yah-Ling 莊伯仲 Chuang, Po-Chung |
口試日期: | 2023/06/30 |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
圖文傳播學系碩士在職專班 Department of Graphic Arts and Communications_Continuing Education Master's Program of Graphic Arts and Communications |
論文出版年: | 2023 |
畢業學年度: | 111 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 75 |
中文關鍵詞: | Pisa全球素養 、國語日報 、內容分析 、文化相對主義 |
英文關鍵詞: | PISA 2018 Global Competence, Mandarin Daily News, Content Analysis, Cultural Relativism |
研究方法: | 內容分析法 |
DOI URL: | http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202300691 |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:110 下載:11 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
本研究旨在探討《國語日報》國際版對照PISA全球素養四大內容領域和十一項次領域中的分布情形,以了解報導內容與全球素養各領域的關係,最後以文化相對主義探討報導中的西方觀點與跨文化關聯,為提供教育工作者在進行讀報教育時培養學童全球素養之參考,以及建議編輯在選擇跨文化議題時,內容能有非西方之觀點。
研究對象為2020年6月1日起到2021年5月31日期間所出刊的《國語日報》國際版報導, 以內容分析法進行研究,共分兩部分:一為「版面比例分析」與「全球素養相關程度」的量化研究,並探討報導實際內涵;二是以「文化相對主義」對歸類於內容分析項目表中與跨文化相關的報導進行研究。
研究結果顯示,國際版呈現「消弭衝突、維護制度與人權」比例最高,共154則;相關程度上,與全球素養內涵相關的報導占整體的57.8%;在文化相對主義理論下,發現有些報導是以西方觀點探討事件,在涉及人權、民主和自由等觀念,更關注是否受到尊重和維護,忽略非民主國家的文化、風俗與價值觀可能不同,進而做出譴責。
研究建議,增加國際社會經濟發展與互動類的新聞,因全球經濟發展無法由個人直接觀察到,媒體作為國家經濟狀況訊息主要傳播管道,應有足夠報導量。未來主編在選擇與跨文化相關的新聞時,可用一配文做非西方觀點的報導來分析事件,培養讀者從多個文化角度看待新聞事件。
This study investigates the performance of the International News of Mandarin Daily News with regards to global competence by using "PISA 2018 Global Competence Assessment" as the analytical framework which including 4 domains and 11 subdomains. The study could provide educators how to foster students' global competence through reading newspaper and adopt a more neutral point of view when selecting news articles that pertain to cross-cultural topics.
The study focuses on the news articles published in the International News of Mandarin Daily News during the period between June 1, 2020, and May 31, 2021. There are 456 news articles were chosen as the samples to achieve two main purposes: (1) a quantitative assessment, which examines the page ratio of the news articles and their correlation with global competence, while delving into the practical significances of the news articles; and (2) an investigation, which uses cultural relativism to discuss the news articles pertaining to cross-cultural topics. The research findings are summarized as follows:
Among the selected news articles, the largest number (154 articles) pertains to "institutions, conflicts and human rights". In terms of correlation, irrespective of whether they are main articles or auxiliary articles, 57.8% of the samples are highly or non-highly correlated to the PISA 2018 Global Competence. Based on the analytical perspective of cultural relativism, the study finds that news articles are inclined to discuss news events from a western perspective and pay more attention to whether human rights, democracy, and freedom were respected and maintained. It means that they sometimes ignore the culture norms, customs, and value-system of non-democratic countries.
This study suggests that the midea should have enough coverage on Socio-economic development and interdependence section because global economic development is difficult for individuals to directly observe. After adjustment mentioned above, the news could be enhanced the readers’ ability on observing events from diverse cultural perspectives.
一、中文部分
〈印度阿薩姆省掃蕩童婚 部分婦女不領情〉(2023年2月12日)。《中央社》,取自https://www.cna.com.tw/news/aopl/202302120106.aspx
〈數位平台崛起!近10年報紙雜誌發行量腰斬 新聞業備受衝擊〉(2022年9月21日)。《自由時報》,取自https://news.ltn.com.tw/news/life/breakingnews/4065672
Babbie Earl(2004)。社會科學研究方法(李美華等譯)。台北:時英出版社。
王全興(2016)。〈全球素養的意涵與推動策略〉,《師友月刊》,594:29-33。
王石番(1971)。〈内容分析的研究設計〉,《新聞學研究》,7:279-291。
王石番(1991)。〈傳播內容分析法—理論與實證〉。台北:幼獅文化。
王文科、王智弘(2010)。〈質的研究的信度和效度〉,《彰化師大教育學報》,17:29-50。
朱啟華(2013)。〈台灣國際教育的反思-以《中小學國際教育白皮書》為例〉。《嘉大教育研究學刊》,30:1-20。
吳清山、林天祐(2008)。〈讀報教育〉,《教育研究月刊》,175:157。
吳清山(2019年03月)。〈教育名詞-全球素養〉,《國家教育研究院教育脈動電子期刊》,(17)。
吳翠珍(2003)。〈媒體素養教育教什麼?〉,《師友月刊》,436:17-20。
吳翠珍、陳世敏(2007)。《媒體素養教育》。台北:巨流。
林永豐(2012)。〈全球教育的課程主題及其課程設計〉,《課程研究》,7(2):31-54。
林哲璋(2006)。《《國語日報》的歷史書寫》。國立臺東大學兒童文學研究所碩士論文。(未出版)
林偉雄(2016)。〈《國語日報》對臺灣兒童文學史發展的三個時期與十樁影響事件〉,《全國新書資訊月刊》,207:22-26。
李秀美(2007)。《陪孩子善用媒體》。臺北市:慈濟傳播文化事業基金會。
李隆盛、賴春金、潘瑛如、梁雨樺、王玫婷(2017)。〈大學生全球素養指標之建構〉,《教育實踐與研究》,30(1):1-32。
李健恆(2018)。〈素養導向之數學教材設計與發展〉,《教育科學研究期刊》,63(4):29-58。
周珮儀、王雅婷、吳舒婷(2019)。〈國民中學英語教科書全球素養概念內容分析 ──以 PISA 2018 全球素養評量認知測驗內容領域為參照架構〉,《教科書研究》,12(1):1-38。
徐佳士(1987)。《大眾傳播理論》。臺北:正中。
陳意尹、蔡清華(2013)。〈美國國際教育政策與做法現況之分析兼論其對臺灣國際教育之啟示〉。《國民教育學報》,10:153-176。
陳麗華(2009)。〈都會區教育局處推動全球教育的作法〉,《國教新知》,56(3):31。
教育部(2011)。《中小學國際教育白皮書》。臺北市:作者。
教育部(2022)。《中小學國際教育白皮書2.0》。臺北市:作者。
國語日報(2022)。《2022全國讀報 成效問卷調查報告》。臺北市:作者。(未出版)
黃葳葳(2004)。《閱聽人與媒體文化》。臺北:揚智。
馮琼愛、邱銘心(2011)。〈臺北市國民小學實施讀報教育研究〉,《圖書與資訊學刊》,76:88-108。
游美惠(2000)。〈內容分析、文本分析與論述分析在社會研究的運用〉,《調查研究》, 8:5-42。
馮季眉(2007)。《推動讀報教育之比較研究 以臺灣日本為例》。國立政治大學經營管理碩士學程碩士論文。(未出版)
馮季眉(2012年1月8日)。〈讀報教育:為國小兒童導讀希望〉,取自 http://www.scribd.com/doc/11692985/20090108。
湯堯、黎士鳴(2020)。〈中小學校園全球素養培育檢核機制:以GLOBAL模式為例〉,《教育研究月刊》,315:88-103。
葉興華(2013)。〈以讀報推動國際教育之調查研究〉,《初等教育學刊》,60(3): 54-67。
葉珍玲、甄曉蘭(2019)。〈國際教育的核心:提升全球素養的教學〉,《教育研究月刊》,305:4-18。
詹盛如(2018)。〈國際教育的理念為何?四大取向分析與評論〉。《台灣教育》 710:107-112。
楊孝濴 (1981)。《傳播研究方法總論》。台北市:三民。
歐用生(1991)。《教育研究法》。台北:師大書苑。
閻沁恒(1969)。〈報紙的內容分析〉,《新聞學研究》,3 :113-133。
謝淳卉(2017)。〈報紙,還需存在嗎?一談讀報教育的實施策略〉,《臺灣教育評論月刊》6(3):177-180。
顏湘婷(2008)。〈應用媒體識讀教育於國小學童之教師行動研究-以報紙新聞實施讀報教育為例〉,《新竹教育大學教育學系碩士班論文集》,13:353-375。
顏佩如(2005)。〈全球化脈絡下的教育課題:全球教育〉,《課程研究》,1(1):55-83。
顏佩如(2011)。〈大學全球教育教學計畫之研究〉,《臺中教育大學學報:教育類》,25(2): 63-84。
二、英文部分
Ann V. Angell & Patricia G. Avery (1992). Examining Global Issues in the Elementary Classroom. The Social Studies, 83(3), 113-117.
Adgate, B. (2020). Newspaper revenues drop as local news interest rises amid corona virus. Online.https://www.forbes.com/sites/bradadgate/2020/04/13/newspapers-are-struggling-with-coronavirus/?sh=78ae6dda39ef(accessed 3 November 2022)
American Press Institute. (2001). Newspaper in education. Online.https://www.ameri- camericanpressinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Newspaper-in-Education-A-Guide-for-Weekly-and-Community-Newspapers.pdf(accessed 3 November 2022)
An, S. (2014). Preparing Elementary Teachers as Global Citizenship Educators. The Journal of Education, 194 (3), 25-38.
Ahearn L. M. (2001). Language and agency. Annual Review of Anthropology, 30, 109-137.
Auld E, Morris P (2019). Science by streetlight and the OECD’s measure of global competence: a new yardstick for internationalisation? Policy Futures in Education, 17(6), 677–698.
Banks, J. A. (2008). Diversity, Group Identity, and Citizenship Education in a Global Age. Educational Researcher, 37, 129-139.
Baumgratz, G. (1995). Language, culture and global competence: an essay on ambiguity, European Journal of Education, 30(4), 437-447.
Brodin, J. (2010). Education for global competencies: An EU–Canada exchange programme in higher education and training. Journal of Studies in International Education, 14(5), 569–584.
Bourn, D. (2018). Understanding global skills for 21st century professions. Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan. Online. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-319-97655-6.pdf (accessed 3 November 2022)
Boix Mansilla, V. & Jackson, A. (2011). Educating for Global Competence: Preparing our youth to engage the world. New York: Asia Society. Online. https://saopauloopencentre.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Educating-for-Global-Competence-Short-HHJ.pdf (accessed 3 November 2022)
Brown, Michael F.(2009). Cultural Relativism 2.0. In: Current Anthropology, 49(3), 363-383.
Bennett, C. (1995). Comprehensive multicultural education: Theory and practice. Mass: Allyn& Bacon.
Brubacker, R. and D. D. Laitin (1998), Ethnic and nationalist violence Annual. Review of Sociology, 24, 423-52.
Bornstein M. H., Mortimer J. T., Lutfey K., Bradley R. (2011). Theories and processes of life-span socialization. New York, NY: Springer.
Berry J. W. (1997). Immigration, acculturation, and adaptation. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 46, 5-68.
Ball-Rokeach S. J., DeFleur M. L. (1976). A dependency model of mass-media effects. Communication Research, 3, 3-21.
Collins, H. T., Czarra, F. R., & Smith, A. F. (1996). Guidelines for global and international studies education. New York: The American Forum for Global Education. Online. https://www.edscuola.it/archivio/ped/globed/geguidelines.pdf (accessed 3 November 2022)
Chen, G.-M. & Starosta, W.J. (1996). Intercultural communication competence: A synthesis. Annals of the International Communication Association, 19(1), 353-83.
Cathie Holden (2000). Learning for Democracy: From World Studies to Global Citizenship. Theory Into Practice, 39(2), 74-80.
Caleb Rosado (1994). Understanding Cultural Relativism In a Multicultural World. Online. https://reurl.cc/mZqLGj (accessed 3 November 2022)
Chakraborti, N. (2018). Responding to hate crime: Escalating problems, continued failings. Criminology & Criminal Justice, 18(4), 387–404.
Christians, C. (2005). Ethical Theory in Communications Research, Journalism Studies, 6(1), 3–14.
Cochran, W. G. (1977) Sampling techniques, (3rd ed.), New York, Wiley and Sons.
Deardorff, D.K. (2006). Identification and assessment of intercultural competence as a student outcome of internationalization. Journal of Studies in International Education, 10 (3), 241-66.
Department for Education and Schools (2005). Developing the Global Dimension in the School Curriculum. DfES, 1409-2005DOC-EN.
Engel LC, Rutkowski D & Thompson G (2019). Toward an international measure of global competence? A critical look at the PISA 2018 framework. Globalisation, Societies and Education, 17(2), 117-131.
Engel LC, Rutkowski D, Thompson G (2019). Toward an international measure of global competence? A critical look at the PISA 2018 framework. Globalisation, Societies and Education, 17(2), 117–131.
French, D. and M. Richards (eds) (2000) Television in Contemporary Asia. New Delhi: Sage Publications.
Global Education Guidelines Working Group. (2012). Global education guidelines: A handbook for educators to understand and implement global education. Lisbon, Portugal: North-South Centre of the Council of Europe.
Grotlüschen A (2018). Global competence – Does the new OECD competence domain ignore the global South?. Studies in the Education of Adults, 50(2), 185-202.
Gaudelli, W. (2009). Heuristics of Global Citizenship Discourses Towards Curriculum Enhancement. Journal of Curriculum Theorizing, 25(1), 68-85.
Gibson, H. (2009) Ideology, Instrumentality and Economics Education: on the secret values within philanthropy, financial capability and enterprise education in English schools, International Review of Economics Education, 7(2), 57-78.
Hicks, D. (2003) Thirty years of global education: A reminder of key principles and precedents, Education Review, 55(3), 265-275.
Huitt, W.,&Hummel,J. (2003). Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development. Educational Psychology Interactive, Valdosta, GA: Valdosta State University.
Haberland N., Chong E., Bracken H. (2003). Married adolescents: An overview (Technical Consultation on Married Adolescents). (Retrieved from http://unicef.org.mz/cpd/references/17-MA-Overview.pdf)
Harcup T, O’Neill D (2001). What is news? Galtung and Ruge revisited. Journalism Studies 2(2), 261–280.
Janta, B., & E. Harte. 2016. “Education of Migrant Children: Education Policy Responses for the Inclusion of Migrant Children in Europe.”
Johnson, T. H. (2007). Cultural relativism: Interpretations of a concept. Anthropological Quarterly, 80, 791-802.
Jonathan Floyd(2016). Normative behaviourism and global political principles, Journal of Internation Political Theory, 12(2), 110-123.
Karvánková, Petra & Popjaková, Dagmar & Kováríková, Vlasta.(2015). Global Education or How to Most Effectively Implement Cross-Disciplinary Themes in the Curriculum of Primary School--Czechia's Example. Review of International Geographical Education Online, 5(1), 8-25.
Krippendorff, K. (2013). Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology. (3rd ed). Los Angeles : Sage.
Lin, Y. -F. (2012). On key themes of global education and their curriculim design. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 7(2), 31-54.
Meyer HD (2014). The OECD as Pivot of the Emerging Global Educational Accountability Regime: How Accountable are the Accountants? Teachers College Record, 116(9), 1-18. Online. https://doi.org/10.1177/016146811411600907 (accessed 3 November 2022)
Meyer T (2002) Media Democracy: How the Media Colonize Politics. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Melville J. Herskovits(1949) Man and His Works: The Science of Cultural Anthropology . New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Miller, V. & Poole, M. & Seibold, D. & Myers, K. & Park, H. & Monge, P. & et al. (2011). Advancing research in organizational communication through quantitative methodology. Management Communication Quarterly, 25(1), 4-58.
Morgan C, Volante L (2016). A review of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development’s international education surveys: governance, human capital discourses, and policy debates. Policy Futures in Education, 14(6), 775–792.
Neuendorf, K. A. (2002). The Content Analysis Guidebook. Thousand Oaks, CA Sage Publications.
Nour N. M. (2009). Child marriage: A silent health and human rights issue. Reviews in Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2(1), 51–56.
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2018). Preparing our youth for an inclusive and sustainable world: The OECD PISA global competence framework. Paris, France: Author
Oberman, R., F. Waldron, and S. Dillon. (2012). Developing a Global Citizenship Education Programme for Three to Six Year Olds. International Journal of Development Education and Global Learning, 4 (1), 37-60.
OECD (2016). Global Competency for an Inclusive World. Online. https://www.oecd.org/pisa/aboutpisa/Global-competency-for-an-inclusive-world.pdf (accessed 3 November 2022)
OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) (2016a). Global Competency for an Inclusive World. Paris: OECD Publishing. Online. www.oecd.org/pisa/aboutpisa/Globalcompetency-for-an-inclusive-world.pdf (accessed 3 November 2022)
Österman Tove (2021). Cultural relativism and understanding difference. Language & Communication, 80, 124-135.
Penaloza, L. N. (1994). Border crossing: A critical ethnographic exploration of the consumer acculturation of Mexican Immigrants. Journal of Consumer Research, 21, 32-54.
Park Seungbae (2011). Defence of Cultural Relativism. Cultura, 8(1), 159-170.
Perry, B. (2001). In the name of hate: Understanding hate crimes. Psychology Press.
Peters J, Wolper A (1995). Women’s Rights, Human Rights: International Feminist Perspectives. New York: Routledge.
Rodrigo-Cano D., Picó M. J., & Dimuro G. (2019). The sustainable development goals as a base for the action and social and environmental intervention. Journal of Administration Sciences and Economics, 9(17), 25–35.
Ruble D. N., Alvarez J., Bachman M., Cameron J., Fuligni A., Coll C. G. (2004). The development of a sense of “we”: The emergence and implications of children’s collective identity. East Sussex, UK: Psychology Press.
Retzmann T, Seeber G (2016). Financial education in general education schools: a competence model, International handbook of financial literacy. Singapore: Springer.
Sweeney, Jo Ann Cutler & Zandan, Peter A. (1982). Comparing Ourselves to Others: International Knowledge and Attitudes. Social Studies, 73(3), 135-42.
Sargent, Stephan & Moreland, Meagan& Been, Sherry. (2022). A survey analysis of teachers using newspaper in education in a changing educational and economic climate. Education, 142(5), 169-173.
Stocking G (1996). Volksgeist as Method and Ethic. Essays on Boasian Ethnography and the German Anthropological Tradition. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
Schmader, T., Block, K., & Lickel, B. (2015). Social identity threat in response to stereotypic film portrayals: Effects on self-conscious emotion and implicit ingroup attitudes. Journal of Social Issues, 71, 54-72.
Soroka S. N., Stecula D. A., Wlezien C. (2015). It’s (change in) the (future) economy, stupid: Economic indicators, the media, and public opinion. American Journal of Political Science, 59, 457-474.
Strömbäck J, Karlsson M, Hopmann DN (2012). Determinants of news content: Comparing journalists’ perceptions of the normative and actual impact of different event properties when deciding what’s news. Journalism Studies, 13(5–6), 718–728.
Schiller, H.I. (1992) Mass Communication and American Empire, 2nd edn. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
The Longview Foundation. (2008). Teacher preparation for the global age: The Longview Foundation report on internationalizing pre-service teacher education. Falls Church, VA: The Longview Foundation.
Tomlinson, J. (1997) Cultural Globalization and Cultural Imperialism. Mohammadi (ed.) International Communication and Globalization. London: Sage Publications.
UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) (2014) . Global Citizenship Education: Preparing learners for the challenges of the twenty-first century. Paris: UNESCO.
Ulin & Robert C (2007). Revisiting Culture Relativism: Old Prospects for a New Cultural Critique. Anthropological Quarterly. 80(3), 803-820.
United Nations. (2008). Trends in international migrant stock: The 2008 revision. New York, NY: United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs.
U.S. Department of Transportation, Office of Commercial Space Transportation. (2004). Commercial space transportation: 2002 year in review. Washington, DC: Author.
U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Space Commercialization. (2001). Trends in space commerce. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census.
van de Vijver F. J. R., Helms-Lorenz M., Feltzer M. J. A. (1999). Acculturation and cognitive performance of migrant children in the Netherlands. International Journal of Psychology, 34, 149-162.
Wimmer, R. D. & Dominick, J. R. (2014). Mass media research: An introduction. United States of America:Michael Rosenberg.
Zhang, R., Hsu, H. -Y., & Wang, S. -K. (2010). Global literacy: Comparing Chinese and US high school students. Multicultural Education & Technology Journal, 4(2),