目錄····················································································································i 表次·····················································································································v 圖次····················································································································vi 中文摘要···········································································································xv 第一章 緒論·······································································································1 第一節 研究動機·······················································································1 第二節 研究目標與範圍···········································································2 一、 研究目標······················································································2 二、 研究範圍······················································································2 第三節 研究方法與過程············································································5 一、 研究方法·····················································································5 二、 研究樣本與設計對象··································································5 三、研究過程·························································································6 第四節 體例及用語說明············································································7 第二章 文獻探討討···························································································8 第一節 網路教學相關資料探討································································8 一、 遠距教學的定義··········································································8 二、 遠距教學系統的組成要素························································10 三、 多媒體與電腦教學····································································11 第二節 建構主義·····················································································13 一、 資訊時代的建構主義································································13 二、 建構主義的意義········································································14 三、 建構主義在教學上之應用·························································16 四、 建構主義之於教學設計的意義·················································18 第三節 系統化教學設計········································································19 一、 系統化教學設計的理論基礎···················································19 二、 系統化教學設計的項目·····························································21 三、 系統化教學設計的步驟···························································23 第四節 語音教學網站的評介································································25 一、 在澳洲的韓語教學網站·····························································25 二、 在韓國的漢語教學網站·····························································26 三、 台灣國立暨南大學網路多媒體華語文教室 ─ 發音練習···27 四、 香港對外漢語教學····································································28 第三章 漢語單音節語音偏誤分析·································································29 第一節 中介語理論與實驗設計······························································29 一、 中介語理論·················································································29 二、 實驗設計·····················································································30 第二節 聲母篇··························································································33 一、 現代漢語····················································································33 二、 韓國話······················································································34 三、 聲母對比與預測·········································································36 四、 實驗結果····················································································38 五、 分析與討論·················································································53 第三節 零聲母··························································································56 一、 零聲母實驗結果········································································56 二、 分析與討論·················································································68 第四節 韻母篇··························································································71 一、 現代漢語····················································································71 二、 韓國話························································································73 三、 韻母對比與預測········································································75 四、 實驗結果····················································································75 五、 分析與討論···············································································105 第五節 聲調篇························································································108 一、 現代漢語···················································································108 二、 韓國話單音節語調···································································110 三、 韓國話語調聽辨結果與實驗結果···········································114 四、 聲學分析與討論····································································119 第六節 音節篇·······················································································124 一、 現代漢語················································································124 二、 韓國話····················································································127 三、 實驗結果················································································128 四、 小結························································································131 第四章 華語語音教學網站之設計與考量···················································132 第一節 前製作·······················································································137 一、 前置分析面向········································································137 二、 整體設計面向········································································138 三、 輔助與管理功能······································································140 第二節 語音教學的理論········································································141 一、 前言··························································································141 二、 華語語音教學的內容·······························································142 三、 授課結構和方式·······································································143 第三節 教學內容設計············································································144 一、 教學內容················································································144 二、 教學順序················································································144 三、 教材分析··················································································147 第四節 華語語音教學之網頁設計························································148 一、 教學設計··················································································148 二、 前置作業··················································································149 三、 製作分析··················································································150 四、 腳本設計··················································································150 第五節 製作本課程所使用之軟體簡介················································152 一、 硬體··························································································152 二、 WWW功能分析······································································153 三、 軟體使用··················································································155 第六節 網頁製作前考慮項目································································157 一、 學習者的電腦使用環境···························································157 二、 單層次網頁或複層次網頁······················································158 三、 怎樣實施聽、說、讀、寫的整體教學·································158 四、 其他因素···················································································159 第七節 本教學網站之介紹與範例························································160 一、 網站的架構與流程··································································160 二、 各流程之頁面介紹··································································162 第五章 結論···································································································168 第一節 語音研究方面············································································168 一、 聲母的難點···················································································168 二、 韻母的難點···················································································169 三、 聲調的難點···················································································170 四、 音節的難點···················································································170 第二節 教學設計方面············································································171 第三節 研究的限制及建議···································································171 一、 研究限制·······················································································172 二、 對未來研究的建議·······································································173 參考資料·········································································································174 附錄： 附錄一：對外漢語教學網站評估表······························································181 附錄二：漢語母語者與韓國學生的基本資料···············································188 附錄三：百字表分布區··················································································189 附錄四：百字表測試區圖··············································································190 附錄五：注音符號與漢語拼音以及漢語拼音對照表··································191 附錄六：韓國話與國際音標對照表······························································194 附錄七：可懂度分析表··················································································195 附錄八：正確率分析表··················································································196