簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 廖琉沙
Lyashuk, Alexey
論文名稱: A Study of Competency Model for a Project Portfolio Manager: Triangulation Approach
A Study of Competency Model for a Project Portfolio Manager: Triangulation Approach
指導教授: 賴志樫
Lai, Chih-Chien
口試委員: 蔡錫濤
Tsai, Shir-Tau
張媁雯
Chang, Wei-Wen
賴志樫
Lai, Chih-Chien
口試日期: 2022/01/14
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 國際人力資源發展研究所
Graduate Institute of International Human Resource Developmemt
論文出版年: 2022
畢業學年度: 110
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 111
英文關鍵詞: Project Portfolio Management, Portfolio Manager, Competencies, Competency Model, Triangulation
研究方法: 調查研究言談分析內容分析法
DOI URL: http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202200193
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:124下載:2
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • Among various tools to track the implementation of changes and innovations, one of the top places is occupied by project portfolio management (PPM). With the enhancing importance of PPM, the attention to the person actively manages this process – a portfolio manager (PfM) – is increasing respectively. Organizations strive to have competent PfMs. Although the role is formally defined in professional standards, there is still a lack of description and ambiguity in needed PfM competencies. This research was aimed to offer the competency model of PfM by triangulating three sources: literature, job descriptions, and opinions of the professionals in the PPM area. The framework of the study was built according to the purpose and involved such methods as content analysis and corpus analysis. The research findings reflected the primary purpose: were analyzed corpora of competency-related textual information, each corpus was checked on the representativeness and used in topic modelling. The experts verified the international intersectoral competency model for PfM. The proposed competency model for PfM contains six competencies: business focus, diverse expertise, expedient communications, process stewardship, self-management, and transformational demeanour. Each element contains six to eight indicators divided into two levels – critical and desirable. Hence, the introduced competency model could be used to clarify PfM roles in the organisations and for the individual professional development of the PfMs.

    ABSTRACT I TABLE OF CONTENTS III LIST OF TABLES V LIST OF FIGURES VI CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1 Background of Study 1 Statement of the Problem 2 Purpose of Study 3 Questions of Study 4 Significance of Study 4 Definition of Key Terms 4 CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW 7 Project Portfolio Management 7 Project Portfolio Manager in the Organization 12 Project Portfolio Manager Competencies 19 Summary of Chapter II 31 CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODS 33 Research Approach 33 Methods of Study 35 Data Selection 39 Research Procedure 42 Research Quality 44 Summary of Chapter III 47 CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION 49 Data Representativeness 49 Frequently Used Stems in the Descriptions of Competency Elements 52 Topic Modelling Results 58 Validation of the Indicators by the Experts 66 International Intersectoral Project Portfolio Manager Competency Model 70 Summary of Chapter IV 76 CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS 77 Conclusions 77 Implications 79 Limitations 79 Suggestions for Future Study 80 REFERENCES 81 APPENDIX A: ONLINE SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE 95 APPENDIX B: WORD CLOUDS 96 APPENDIX C: DENDROGRAMS FOR LDA TOPIC MODELS 99 APPENDIX D: TRANSITIONAL DATA FOR PfM COMPETENCY MODELLING 102

    Aaker, D. A., & Joachimsthaler, E. (2000). The brand relationship spectrum: The key to the brand architecture challenge. California Management Review, 42(4), 8 23. https://doi.org/10.2307/41166051
    Arifin, M. H. (2021). Development of electronic portfolios and self-assessment based on high order thinking skills in Pancasila and citizenship learning at students of Al-Islam Bandung Polytechnic. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1764(1), 012144. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1764/1/012144
    Ashour, M. L. (2018). Triangulation as a powerful methodological research technique in technology-based services. Business & Management Studies: An International Journal, 6(1), 193 208. https://doi.org/10.15295/bmij.v6i1.209
    Aston, B. (2021). Beginner’s guide to project portfolio management – Critical steps, tools, benefits. The Digital Project Manager. https://thedigitalprojectmanager.com/project-portfolio-management-guide/
    Australian Institute of Project Management. (2021). AIPM professional competency standards for project management. Part F – certified practicing portfolio executive (CPPE). https://www.aipm.com.au/documents/aipm-key-documents/aipm_portfolio_executive_professional_competency_s.aspx
    Autor, D. H., & Handel, M. J. (2013). Putting tasks to the test: Human capital, job tasks, and wages. Journal of Labor Economics, 31(S1), 59–96. doi:10.1086/669332
    AXELOS. (2011). Management of portfolios. TSO.
    Babkina, L., Skotarenko, O., & Vasiliev, N. (2020). Managing a project portfolio in construction. E3S Web of Conferences, 220, 01045. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202022001045
    Baker, P. (2021). Analysing representations of obesity in the daily mail via corpus and down-sampling methods. In J. Egbert & P. Baker (Eds.). Using corpus methods to triangulate linguistic analysis (1st ed., pp. 85–108). Routledge.
    Baker, T. (2015). The end of the job description: Shifting from a job-focus to a performance-focus (1st ed.). Palgrave Macmillan.
    Balbás, A., Balbás, B., & Balbás, R. (2021). Omega ratio optimization with actuarial and financial applications. European Journal of Operational Research, 292(1), 376–387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2020.10.023
    Banihashemi, S., Hosseini, M. R., Golizadeh, H., & Sankaran, S. (2017). Critical success factors (CSFs) for integration of sustainability into construction project management practices in developing countries. International Journal of Project Management, 35(6), 1103–1119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2017.01.014
    Baran, M., & Kłos, M. (2014). Competency models and the generational diversity of a company workforce. Economics & Sociology, 7(2), 209–217. https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789x.2014/7-2/17
    Barbosa, I., Freire, C., & Santos, M. P. (2018). The transferable skills development programme of a Portuguese economics and management faculty: The perceptions of graduate students. In C. Machado (Ed.). Competencies and (global) talent (Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed., pp. 25–49). Springer.
    Barbosa, M. W., & de Ávila Rodrigues, C. (2020). Project portfolio management teaching: Contributions of a gamified approach. The International Journal of Management Education, 18(2), 100388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2020.100388
    Baron, A., Rayson, P., & Archer, D. (2009). Word frequency and key word statistics in corpus linguistics. Anglistik, 20(1), 41–67.
    Bartram, D. (2005). The great eight competencies: A criterion-centric approach to validation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(6), 1185–1203. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.90.6.1185
    Bathallath, S., Smedberg, S., & Kjellin, H. (2016). Project interdependency management in IT/IS project portfolios: From a systems perspective. Procedia Computer Science, 100, 928–934. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2016.09.250
    Bekhet, A. K., & Zauszniewski, J. A. (2012). Methodological triangulation: An approach to understanding data. Nurse Researcher, 20(2), 40–43. doi:10.7748/nr2012.11.20.2.40.c9442
    Blei, D.M., Ng, A.Y., & Jordan, M.I. (2003). Latent Dirichlet allocation. The Journal of Machine Learning Research, 3, 993–1022.
    Blomquist, T. & Müller, R. (2004, July). Program and portfolio managers: Analysis of roles and responsibilities. Paper presented at PMI® Research Conference: Innovations, London, England. Newtown Square, PA: Project Management Institute. https://www.pmi.org/learning/library/program-portfolio-managers-analysis-roles-responsibilities-8315
    Blomquist, T., & Müller, R. (2006). Practices, roles, and responsibilities of middle managers in program and portfolio management. Project Management Journal, 37(1), 52–66. https://doi.org/10.1177/875697280603700105
    Bolzan De Rezende, L., Blackwell, P., Denicol, J., & Guillaumon, S. (2021). Main competencies to manage complex defence projects. Project Leadership and Society, 2, 100014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plas.2021.100014
    Brunner, C. B., & Baum, M. (2020). The impact of brand portfolios on organizational attractiveness. Journal of Business Research, 106, 182–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.09.014
    Burgoyne, J.G. & R. Stuart (1976). The nature, use and acquisition of managerial skills and other attributes. Personnel Review, 5(4), 19–29.
    Butler, S. (2018). Basic concepts and definitions of portfolio management. In: Lock, D., & Wagner, R. (Eds.). The handbook of project portfolio (1st ed., pp. 3–8). Routledge.
    Campion, M. A., Fink, A. A., Ruggeberg, B. J., Carr, L., Phillips, G. M., & Odman, R. B. (2011). Doing competencies well: Best practices in competency modeling. Personnel Psychology, 64(1), 225–262. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2010.01207.x
    Chen, T., Fu, M., Liu, R., Xu, X., Zhou, S., & Liu, B. (2019). How do project management competencies change within the project management career model in large Chinese construction companies? International Journal of Project Management, 37(3), 485–500. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2018.12.002
    Chouhan, V. S., & Srivastava, S. (2014). Understanding competencies and competency modeling – A literature survey. IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 16(1), 14–22. https://doi.org/10.9790/487x-16111422
    Clegg, S., Killen, C. P., Biesenthal, C., & Sankaran, S. (2018). Practices, projects and portfolios: Current research trends and new directions. International Journal of Project Management, 36(5), 762–772. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2018.03.008
    Crawford, L. (2005). Senior management perceptions of project management competence. International Journal of Project Management, 23(1), 7–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2004.06.005
    Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, D. J. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (5th edition). SAGE Publications, Inc.
    De Boeck, G., Meyers, C., & Dries. N. (2018). Employee reactions to talent management: Assumptions versus evidence. Journal of Organisational Behaviour, 39 (2), 199–213.
    Denzin, N. K. (2012). Triangulation 2.0. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 6(2), 80–88. doi:10.1177/1558689812437186
    Dessler, G. (2020). Human resource management (16th ed.). Pearson Education
    Deutsch, H. P., & Beinker, M. W. (2019). Derivatives and internal models. Springer Publishing.
    Doorasamy, M. (2017). Product portfolio management best practices for new product development: A review of models. Foundations of Management, 9(1), 139–148. https://doi.org/10.1515/fman-2017-0011
    Edmondson, A. C., & McManus, S. E. (2007). Methodological fit in management field research. Academy of Management Review, 32(4), 1155–1179.
    Ekrot, B., Kock, A., & Gemünden, H. G. (2016). Retaining project management competence – Antecedents and consequences. International Journal of Project Management, 34(2), 145–157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2015.10.010
    Ellis, P., & Abbott, J. (2011). Managing difficult people: Competence vs competency. Journal of Renal Nursing, 3(2), 88–92. doi:10.12968/jorn.2011.3.2.89
    Esponda, G. M., Ryan, G. K., Estrin, G. L., Usmani, S., Lee, L., Murphy, J., Qureshi, O., Endale, T., Regan, M., Eaton, J., & De Silva, M. (2021). Lessons from a theory of change-driven evaluation of a global mental health funding portfolio. International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13033-021-00442-6
    Farkas, C., ÁLvarez, C., Cuellar, M. D. P., Avello, E., Gómez, D. M., & Pereira, P. (2020). Mothers’ competence profiles and their relation to language and socioemotional development in Chilean children at 12 and 30 months. Infant Behavior and Development, 59, 101443. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infbeh.2020.101443
    Fedushko, S., Peráček, T., Syerov, Y., & Trach, O. (2021). Development of methods for the strategic management of web projects. Sustainability, 13(2), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13020742
    Filipowicz, G. (2016). Zargdzane kompetencyami. Perspektyva firmova i osobista [Competence management. The company and personal perspective]. Wolters Kluwer.
    Filippov, S., van der Weg, R., van Ogtrop, F., Beelen, P., & Mooi, H. (2014). Exploring the project portfolio manager's role: Between a data manager and a strategic advisor. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 119, 95–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.03.013
    Flick, U. (2007). Designing qualitative research. SAGE.
    Foroudi, P., Hafeez, K., & Nguyen, B. (2019). An integrated core competence evaluation framework for portfolio management in the oil industry. International Journal of Management and Decision Making, 18(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijmdm.2019.10014615
    French Jr., J. R. P., & Raven, B. H. (1959). The bases of social power. In D. Cartwright (Ed.). Studies in social power (pp. 150–167). Institute for Social Research.
    Gareis, R. (2000, September). Program management and project portfolio management: new competences of project-oriented organizations. Paper presented at Project Management Institute Annual Seminars & Symposium, Houston, TX. Project Management Institute.
    Gerencer, T. C. (2021, March 3). 30+ best job search engines & boards for finding a job 2021. Zety. https://zety.com/blog/best-job-search-sites
    Gibson, C. B. (2016). Elaboration, generalization, triangulation, and interpretation. Organizational Research Methods, 20(2), 193–223. doi:10.1177/1094428116639133
    Given, L. M. (Ed.). (2008). The SAGE encyclopedia of qualitative research methods (Vols. 1 & 2). SAGE Publications, Inc.
    Givron, H., & Desseilles, M. (2021). The role of emotional competencies in predicting medical students’ attitudes towards communication skills training. Patient Education and Counseling, 104(10), 2505–2511. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2021.03.015
    Gruszka, J., & Szwabiński, J. (2020). Best portfolio management strategies for synthetic and real assets. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications, 539, 122938. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2019.122938
    Guerrero, D., & De los Ríos, I. (2012). Learning model and competences certification in the project management scope: An empirical application in a sustainable development context. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 46, 1297–1305.
    Hansell, G., Kotzen, J., Olsen, E., & Farag, H. (2016). The role of portfolio management in value creation. In BCG report. Creating value through active portfolio management: The 2016 value creators report. https://www.bcg.com/publications/2016/value-creation-strategy-corporate-development-creating-value-active-portfolio-management
    Hejase, H. J., Hejase, A. J., Mikdashi, G., & Bazeih, Z. F. (2016). Talent management challenges: An exploratory assessment from Lebanon. International Journal of Business Management and Economic Research, 7 (1), 504–520.
    Hesarsorkh, A. H., Ashayeri, J., & Naeini, A. B. (2021). Pharmaceutical R&D project portfolio selection and scheduling under uncertainty: A robust possibilistic optimization approach. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 155, 107114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2021.107114
    Hoffmann, D., Ahlemann, F., & Reining, S. (2020). Reconciling alignment, efficiency, and agility in IT project portfolio management: Recommendations based on a revelatory case study. International Journal of Project Management, 38(2), 124–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2020.01.004
    Hoge, M. A., Tondora, J., & Marrelli, A. F. (2005). The fundamentals of workforce competency: Implications for behavioral health. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 32(5/6), 509–531.
    Iio, J., & Wakabayashi, S. (2020). Dialogbook: a proposal for simple e-portfolio system for international communication learning. International Journal of Web Information Systems, 16(5), 611–622. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJWIS-09-2020-0059
    Indeed Career Guide (2021). What does job function mean? Indeed. https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/finding-a-job/job-function
    International Organization for Standardization. (2015). Project, programme and portfolio management – Guidance on portfolio management. ISO Standard No. 21504:2015.
    International Organization for Standardization. (2021). Project, programme and portfolio management – Context and concepts. ISO Standard No. 21500:2021.
    International Project Management Association. (2015). Individual competence baseline for portfolio management (Version 4.0.1). IPMA.
    Irfan, M., Khan, S. Z., Hassan, N., Hassan, M., Habib, M., Khan, S., & Khan, H. H. (2021). Role of project planning and project manager competencies on public sector project success. Sustainability, 13(3), 1421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13031421
    Jason, L. A., & Glenwick, D. S. (2016). Handbook of methodological approaches to community-based research: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods (1st ed.). Oxford University Press.
    Jimenez-Carvelo, A. M., & Cuadros-Rodríguez, L. (2021). Data mining/machine learning methods in foodomics. Current Opinion in Food Science, 37, 76–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cofs.2020.09.008
    Jonas, D. (2010). Empowering project portfolio managers: How management involvement impacts project portfolio management performance. International Journal of Project Management, 28(8), 818–831. doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2010.07.002
    Kachersky, L., & Carnevale, M. (2015). Effects of pronoun brand name perspective and positioning on brand attitude. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 24(2), 157–164. https://doi.org/10.1108/jpbm-02-2014-0495
    Keller, K. L., & Swaminathan, V. (2019). Strategic brand management: Building, measuring, and managing brand equity, global edition (5th ed.). Pearson.
    Kendall, G., & Rollins, S. (2003). Advanced project portfolio management and the PMO: multiplying ROI at warp speed. J. Ross Publishing.
    Killen, C. P., Geraldi, J., & Kock, A. (2020). The role of decision makers’ use of visualizations in project portfolio decision making. International Journal of Project Management, 38(5), 267–277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2020.04.002
    Killen, C.P., Hunt, R.A., Kleinschmidt, E.J. (2008). Project portfolio management for product innovation. International Journal of Quality and Reliability Management, 25(1), 24–38.
    Kiparsky, P. (n.d.). Morphological units: Stems. In: Oxford research encyclopedia of linguistics. Retrieved December 25, 2021, from https://web.stanford.edu/~kiparsky/Papers/stems.pdf
    Kissi, J., Dainty, A., & Tuuli, M. (2013). Examining the role of transformational leadership of portfolio managers in project performance. International Journal of Project Management, 31(4), 485–497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2012.09.004
    Klimberg, R., & McCullough, B. D. (2017). Fundamentals of predictive analytics with JMP (2nd edition). SAS Institute.
    Kopmann, J., Kock, A., & Killen, C. P. (2017). Project portfolio management: The linchpin in strategy processes. In S. Sankaran, R. Müller, & N. Drouin (Eds.). Cambridge handbook of organizational project management (pp. 92–105). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316662243.011
    Kopmann, J., Kock, A., Killen, C. P., & Gemünden, H. G. (2017). The role of project portfolio management in fostering both deliberate and emergent strategy. International Journal of Project Management, 35(4), 557–570. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2017.02.011
    Kral, P., Janoskova, K., & Durana, P. (2019). Linear model for brand portfolio optimization. Economics and Culture, 16(1), 32–39. https://doi.org/10.2478/jec-2019-0004
    LaFlair, G. T., Shelley, S., & Xun, Y. (2021). Connecting corpus linguistics and assessment. In J. Egbert & P. Baker (Eds.). Using corpus methods to triangulate linguistic analysis (1st ed., pp. 109–140). Routledge
    Lassance, N., & Vrins, F. (2019). Minimum Rényi entropy portfolios. Annals of Operations Research, 299(1–2), 23–46. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-019-03364-2
    Lima, A., Fernandes, G., & Machado, R. J. (2016). Project and program management implications in the portfolio management of IT projects in applied R&D organizations. 2016 10th International Conference on the Quality of Information and Communications Technology (QUATIC). doi:10.1109/quatic.2016.056
    Lindgren, S. (2018). A ghost in the machine: Tracing the role of “the digital” in discursive processes of cybervictimisation. Discourse & Communication, 12(5), 517–534. doi:10.1177/1750481318766936
    Lloyd-Walker, B., Crawford, L., & French E. (2018). Uncertainty as opportunity: The challenge of project based careers. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business, 11(4), 886–900, doi:10.1108/IJMPB-04-2017-0044
    Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English. (n.d.). Stem in linguistics. In Longman dictionary of contemporary English online. Retrieved December 25, 2021, from https://www.ldoceonline.com/Linguistics-topic/stem
    Markowitz, H. (1952). Portfolio selection. The Journal of Finance, 7(1), 77–91. https://doi.org/10.2307/2975974
    Martinsuo, M. (2013). Project portfolio management in practice and in context. International Journal of Project Management, 31(6), 794–803. doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2012.10.013
    Martinsuo, M., & Geraldi, J. (2020). Management of project portfolios: Relationships of project portfolios with their contexts. International Journal of Project Management, 38(7), 441–453. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2020.02.002
    Martinsuo, M., & Hoverfält, P. (2018). Change program management: Toward a capability for managing value-oriented, integrated multi-project change in its context. International Journal of Project Management, 36(1), 134–146. doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2017.04.018
    Martinsuo, M., & Lehtonen, P. (2007). Role of single-project management in achieving portfolio management efficiency. International Journal of Project Management, 25(1), 56–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2006.04.002
    McClelland, D. C. (1973). Testing for competence rather than for “intelligence.” American Psychologist, 28(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0034092
    McEntire, L. E., Dailey, L. R., Osburn, H. K., & Mumford, M. D. (2006). Innovations in job analysis: Development and application of metrics to analyze job data. Human Resource Management Review, 16(3), 310–323. doi:10.1016/j.hrmr.2006.05.004
    McKenny, A. F., Aguinis, H., Short, J. C., & Anglin, A. H. (2016). What doesn’t get measured does exist: Improving the accuracy of computer-aided text analysis. Journal of Management, 44(7), 2909–2933. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206316657594
    McLagan, P. (1980) Competency models. Training and Development Journal, 34, 12–23.
    Merriam-Webster. (n.d.-a). Competence. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved July 1, 2021, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/competence
    Merriam-Webster. (n.d.-b). Competency. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved July 1, 2021, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/competency
    Meskendahl, S. (2010). The influence of business strategy on project portfolio management and its success – A conceptual framework. International Journal of Project Management, 28(8), 807–817. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2010.06.007
    Moghabghab, R., Tong, A., Hallaran, A., & Anderson, J. (2018). The difference between competency and competence: A regulatory perspective. Journal of Nursing Regulation, 9(2), 54–59. doi:10.1016/s2155-8256(18)30118-2
    Mohagheghi, V., Mousavi, S. M., Mojtahedi, M., & Newton, S. (2020). Evaluating large, high-technology project portfolios using a novel interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy set framework: An automated crane project case study. Expert Systems with Applications, 162, 113007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2019.113007
    Moore, D. S., McCabe, G. P., & Craig, B. A. (2016). Introduction to the practice of statistics (9th ed.). W. H. Freeman.
    Moradi, S., Kähkönen, K., & Aaltonen, K. (2020). Project managers’ competencies in collaborative construction projects. Buildings, 10(3), 50. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings10030050
    Morethe, S. L. M., Swarts, I., & Schultz, C. (2020). Talent development practices predict the employee engagement of human resource professionals. Southern African Business Review, 24. https://doi.org/10.25159/1998-8125/6398
    Morgeson, F. P., Brannick, M. T., & Levine, E. L. (2019). Job and work analysis: Methods, research, and applications for human resource management (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications, Inc.
    Mulder, M. (2015). Professional competence in context: A conceptual study. Paper presented at the meeting of American Educational Research Association (AERA) Annual Meeting April 16–20, Chicago, IL. https://www.mmulder.nl/downloads/
    Müller, R., Martinsuo, M., & Blomquist, T. (2008). Project portfolio control and portfolio management performance in different contexts. Project Management Journal, 39(3), 28–42. doi:10.1002/pmj.20053
    Nijhuis, S., Vrijhoef, R., & Kessels, J. (2018). Tackling project management competence research. Project Management Journal, 49(3), 62–81. https://doi.org/10.1177/8756972818770591
    Nousiainen, T., Kangas, M., Rikala, J., & Vesisenaho, M. (2018). Teacher competencies in game-based pedagogy. Teaching and Teacher Education, 74, 85–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2018.04.012
    O*NET OnLine. (n.d.-a). O*NET online help: online overview. O*NET OnLine. https://www.onetonline.org/help/online/
    O*NET OnLine. (n.d.-b). Summary report for: 11-3031.03 – Investment fund managers. O*NET OnLine. https://www.onetonline.org/link/summary/11-3031.03
    Obradovic, V., Jovanovic, P., Petrovic, D., Mihic, M., & Bjelica, D. (2014). Web-based project management influence on project portfolio managers’ technical competencies. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 119, 387–396. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.03.044
    Oliveira, J. C., & Rabechini R., Jr. (2021). Green IT and the right portfolio of sustainable projects. Base - Revista de Administração e Contabilidade Da Unisinos, 18(1), 106–125. https://doi.org/10.4013/base.2021.181.05
    Ostapchuk, T., & Pashchenko, O. (2021). Brand portfolio strategy and brand architecture. Eastern Europe: Economy, Business and Management, 1(28), 32–36. https://doi.org/10.32782/easterneurope.28-6
    Palmatier, R. W., Houston, M. B., & Hulland, J. (2017). Review articles: purpose, process, and structure. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 46(1), 1–5. doi:10.1007/s11747-017-0563-4
    Pandremmenou, H., Sirakoulis, K., & Blanas, N. (2013). Success factors in the management of investment projects: A case study in the region of Thessaly. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 74, 438–447. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.03.032
    Pariafsai, F., & Behzadan, A. H. (2021). Core competencies for construction project management: Literature review and content analysis. Journal of Civil Engineering Education, 147(4), 04021010. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)ei.2643-9115.0000051
    Park, C. (2016). Project ecosystem competency model. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 226, 116–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.06.169
    Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative research & evaluation methods (4th ed.). SAGE Publications, Inc.
    Paulson, F. L., Paulson, P. R, & Meyer, C. A. (1991). What makes a portfolio? Educational Leadership, 48(5), 60–63.
    Podgórska, M., & Pichlak, M. (2019). Analysis of project managers’ leadership competencies. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business, 12(4), 869–887. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijmpb-08-2018-0149
    Portman, H. (2015). PoMoP portfolio management organization. Henny Portman's Blog. https://hennyportman.files.wordpress.com/2015/04/mop-practice-organization-150422-v0-1.pdf
    Prahalad, C. K., & Hamel, G. (1990, May/June). The core competence of the corporation. Harvard Business Review, 68(3), 79–91.
    Prien, E. P., Goodstein, L. D., Goodstein, J., & Gamble, L. G., Jr. (2009). A practical guide to job analysis (1st ed.). Pfeiffer.
    Project Management Institute. (2017a). Project manager competency development framework (3rd edition). Project Management Institute.
    Project Management Institute. (2017b). The standard for portfolio management (4th edition). Project Management Institute Inc.
    Ratushnyi, R. (2019). System approach to structuring portfolio of projects for the development of territorial fire-reliable formations. Bulletin of Lviv State University of Life Safety, 19, 44–50. https://doi.org/10.32447/20784643.19.2019.04
    Redmond, E. (2013). Competency models at work: The value of perceived relevance and fair rewards for employee outcomes. Human Resource Management, 52(5), 771–792. doi:10.1002/hrm.21560
    Ribeiro, A., Amaral, A., & Barros, T. (2021). Project manager competencies in the context of the Industry 4.0. Procedia Computer Science, 181, 803–810. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2021.01.233
    Robinson, M. D., Penzel, I. B., & Persich, M. R. (2020). What if your partner...? A situated decision-making approach to romantic competence in young adulthood. Journal of Research in Personality, 88, 104012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2020.104012
    Rydell, M. (2018). Being ‘a competent language user’ in a world of others – Adult migrants’ perceptions and constructions of communicative competence. Linguistics and Education, 45, 101–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.linged.2018.04.004
    Saidoun, A. (2016). Successful project management in North Africa with intercultural competence. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 226, 218–225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.06.182
    Sanchez, J. I., & Levine, E. L. (2009). What is (or should be) the difference between competency modeling and traditional job analysis? Human Resource Management Review, 19(2), 53–63.
    Sanchez, J. I., & Levine, E. L. (2012). The rise and fall of job analysis and the future of work analysis. Annual Review of Psychology, 63(1), 397–425. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100401
    Sarkar, J. G. (2019). Managing brand strength in a brand portfolio: A conceptual analysis. Journal of Administrative and Business Studies, 5(4), 219–227 https://doi.org/10.20474/jabs-5.4.3
    Seuring, S., & Gold, S. (2012). Conducting content‐analysis based literature reviews in supply chain management. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 17(5), 544–555. https://doi.org/10.1108/13598541211258609
    Sevel, L., Abratt, R., & Kleyn, N. (2018). Managing across a corporate and product brand portfolio: evidence from a large South African service organization. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 27(1), 18–28. https://doi.org/10.1108/jpbm-05-2016-1182
    Silge, J., & Robinson, D. (2017). Text mining with R: A tidy approach (1st ed.). O’Reilly Media.
    Silverman, D. (2018). Doing qualitative research (5th ed.). SAGE Publications Ltd.
    Song, B. K. (2020). E-portfolio implementation: Examining learners’ perception of usefulness, self-directed learning process and value of learning. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 37(1), 68–81. https://doi.org/10.14742/ajet.6126
    Sousa Santos, C.E., Jr (2018). Brand portfolio strategy and brand architecture: A comparative study. Cogent Business & Management, 5(1), 1483465. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2018.1483465
    Spencer, L. M., Jr., & Spencer, S. M. (1993). Competence at work: Models for superior performance (1st ed.). Wiley.
    Springer, M. L. (2019). Project and program management: A competency-based approach (4th ed.). Purdue University Press.
    Stefanowitsch, A. (2020). Corpus linguistics: A guide to the methodology. Language Science Press.
    Stratton, M. M. (2011). Portfolio management: Perceptions of the project manager (Publication No. 3460932) [Doctoral dissertation Capella University]. ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global.
    Struyven, K., Blieck, Y., & De Roeck, V. (2014). The electronic portfolio as a tool to develop and assess pre-service student teaching competences: Challenges for quality. Studies in Educational Evaluation, 43, 40–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stueduc.2014.06.001
    Suifan, T., Daraba’, A., A, N., Sukkari, L., Alhyari, S., & Sweis, R. J. (2021). The relationship between the competency level and the efficiency of a project manager: self-perspective vs subordinates’ perspective. International Journal of Productivity and Quality Management, 33(1), 57. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijpqm.2021.115260
    Takey, S. M., & Carvalho, M. M. D. (2015). Competency mapping in project management: An action research study in an engineering company. International Journal of Project Management, 33(4), 784–796. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2014.10.013
    Taylor, F. W. (2020). The principles of scientific management. Ocean of Minds Media House Ltd. (Original work published 1911)
    Thunnisen, M., & Van Arensbergen, P. (2015). A multi-dimensional approach to talent. Personnel Review 44 (2), 182–199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pR-10-2013-0190.
    Tolonen, A., Shahmarichatghieh, M., Harkonen, J., & Haapasalo, H. (2015). Product portfolio management – Targets and key performance indicators for product portfolio renewal over life cycle. International Journal of Production Economics, 170, 468–477. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2015.05.034
    Trentim, M. (2013, October 01). Embedding portfolio management through effective communications. Voices on Project Management Blog. https://www.projectmanagement.com/blog-post/7990/Embedding-Portfolio-Management-Through-Effective-Communications
    Unger, B. N., Gemünden, H. G., & Aubry, M. (2012). The three roles of a project portfolio management office: Their impact on portfolio management execution and success. International Journal of Project Management, 30(5), 608–620. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2012.01.015
    Vinell, L., Fischerstrom, J., & Nilsson, M. (2021). Efficient portfolio management: Classical and modern approaches. Norstedts Juridik AB.
    Walker, D., & Lloyd-Walker, B. (2019). The future of the management of projects in the 2030s. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business, 12(2), 242–266. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijmpb-02-2018-0034
    Washington, E., & Griffiths, B. (2015). Competencies at Work: Providing a Common Language for Talent Management. Business Expert Press.
    Weigand, R. A. (2014). Applied equity analysis and portfolio management + online video course: Tools to analyze and manage your stock portfolio (1st ed.). Wiley.
    Wen, Q., & Qiang, M. (2019). Project managers’ competences in managing project closing. Project Management Journal, 50(3), 361–375. https://doi.org/10.1177/8756972819832783
    Werner, J. M. (2021). Human resource development: Talent development (8th ed.). Cengage Learning.
    White, R. W. (1959). Motivation reconsidered: The concept of competence. Psychological Review, 66(5), 297–333. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0040934
    Young, M., & Conboy, K. (2013). Contemporary project portfolio management: Reflections on the development of an Australian Competency Standard for Project Portfolio Management. International Journal of Project Management, 31(8), 1089–1100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2013.03.005
    Yun, H., Lee, M., Kang, Y. S., & Seok, J. (2020). Portfolio management via two-stage deep learning with a joint cost. Expert Systems with Applications, 143, 113041. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2019.113041
    Zhang, C., Zhao, Y., Li, T., & Zhang, X. (2020). A post mining method for extracting value from massive amounts of building operation data. Energy and Buildings, 223, 110096. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2020.110096
    Zhang, X., Fang, L., Hipel, K. W., Ding, S., & Tan, Y. (2020). A hybrid project portfolio selection procedure with historical performance consideration. Expert Systems with Applications, 142, 113003. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2019.113003
    Zheng, Y. (2021). Design of a blockchain-based e-portfolio evaluation system to assess the education and teaching process. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (IJET), 16(05), 261–280. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v16i05.21081
    Zia, M. N. (2020). A review paper on identification of critical success factors (CSFs) for successful project management of construction projects. Journal of Management Practices, Humanities and Social Sciences, 4(2), 29–36. https://doi.org/10.33152/jmphss-4.2.2
    Zulfikar, Z. (2017). Benefits of web-based or electronic portfolio assessment in ESL classroom. Englisia Journal, 4(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.22373/ej.v4i1.752

    下載圖示
    QR CODE